Tim Williams | 1 Mar 2010 03:27
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Giant plankton-eating fish of the Mesozoic

Not directly dinosaur-related, but interesting nonetheless because of the impact on marine Mesozoic
ecosystems.  A new paper in Science provides a reason for why there are no unambiguous plankton-eating
reptiles in the Mesozoic: they were muscled out by big fishies.  The following paper describes two new
genera of planktivorous fishes (_Rhinconichthys_ and _Bonnerichthys_), part of a radiation of
planktivorous stem teleosts (Pachycormidae) that continued to the end of the Cretaceous.

Although certain plesiosaurs have been described as "filter-feeders" (e.g., _Aristonectes_,
_Kaiwhekea_), with the small teeth and wide jaws used to strain out small prey, it's my understanding that
this is not true "filter-feeding" (= suspension feeding).  Instead, these plesiosaurs might have had a
feeding strategy more like the crab-eater seal, which has sieve-like teeth for trapping krill.

Friedman, M., Shimada, K., Martin, L.D., Everhart, M.J., Liston, J., Maltese, A., and Triebold, M.
100-Million-Year Dynasty of Giant Planktivorous Bony Fishes in the Mesozoic Seas.  DOI:
10.1126/science.1184743 Science 327, 990 (2010).

"Large-bodied suspension feeders (planktivores), which include the most massive animals to have ever
lived, are conspicuously absent from Mesozoic marine environments.  The only clear representatives of
this trophic guild in the Mesozoic have been an enigmatic and apparently short-lived Jurassic group of
extinct pachycormid fishes.  Here, we report several new examples of these giant bony fishes from Asia,
Europe, and North America.  These fossils provide the first detailed anatomical information on this
poorly understood clade and extend its range from the lower Middle Jurassic to the end of the Cretaceous,
showing that this group persisted for more than 100 million years.  Modern large-bodied, planktivorous
vertebrates diversified after the extinction of pachycormids at the Cretaceous-Pa
 leogene boundary, which is consistent with an opportunistic refilling of vacated ecospace."

John Scanlon | 1 Mar 2010 04:18
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RE: Giant 'Shell Crusher' Shark Remains Found in Kansas

Of course, those headlines should really have read:

'Giant Plankton-Sucking Fish Remains...'

How is it possible to get it wrong so completely in so few words so many
times over?

-----------------------------------------------
Dr John D. Scanlon, FCD
Riversleigh Fossil Centre, Outback at Isa
riversleigh <at> outbackatisa.com.au
http://www.outbackatisa.com.au/Fossil-Education/Palaeontologist.aspx
 
"Get this $%# <at> * python off me!", said Tom laocoonically.

-----Original Message-----
From: Paul Heinrich [mailto:oxytropidoceras <at> cox.net] 
Sent: 28 February, 2010 12:51 PM
To: dinosaur <at> usc.edu
Subject: Giant 'Shell Crusher' Shark Remains Found in Kansas

Giant 'Shell Crusher' Shark Remains Found in Kansas
FOXNews.com, February 23, 2010,
http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/02/23/shell-crusher-dinosaur-terrorized-
sea/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%253A+foxnews%25
2Fscitech+%2528Text+-+SciTech%2529

'Shell Crusher' Shark Swam Cretaceous Kansas
Discovery News by Jennifer Viegas, Feb 23, 2010
http://news.discovery.com/animals/prehistoric-shark-kansas.html
(Continue reading)

GUY LEAHY | 1 Mar 2010 06:14

RE: Giant plankton-eating fish of the Mesozoic


Another potential impact on marine Cretaceous ecosystems is these
giant plankivorous fish would have represented an important food resource for mosasaurs, and the
extinction of _Bonnerichthys_ and relatives at the K/Pg boundary could have contributed to mosasaur
extinction, at least to the more hypercarnivorous taxa...

Guy Leahy

> Date: Sun, 28 Feb 2010 18:27:07 -0800
> From: tijawi <at> yahoo.com
> To: dinosaur <at> usc.edu
> CC: tijawi <at> yahoo.com
> Subject: Giant plankton-eating fish of the Mesozoic
> 
> Not directly dinosaur-related, but interesting nonetheless because of the impact on marine Mesozoic
ecosystems. A new paper in Science provides a reason for why there are no unambiguous plankton-eating
reptiles in the Mesozoic: they were muscled out by big fishies. The following paper describes two new
genera of planktivorous fishes (_Rhinconichthys_ and _Bonnerichthys_), part of a radiation of
planktivorous stem teleosts (Pachycormidae) that continued to the end of the Cretaceous.
> 
> 
> Although certain plesiosaurs have been described as "filter-feeders" (e.g., _Aristonectes_,
_Kaiwhekea_), with the small teeth and wide jaws used to strain out small prey, it's my understanding that
this is not true "filter-feeding" (= suspension feeding). Instead, these plesiosaurs might have had a
feeding strategy more like the crab-eater seal, which has sieve-like teeth for trapping krill.
> 
> 
> Friedman, M., Shimada, K., Martin, L.D., Everhart, M.J., Liston, J., Maltese, A., and Triebold, M.
100-Million-Year Dynasty of Giant Planktivorous Bony Fishes in the Mesozoic Seas. DOI:
10.1126/science.1184743 Science 327, 990 (2010).
(Continue reading)

Tim Williams | 1 Mar 2010 08:24
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RE: Giant plankton-eating fish of the Mesozoic


GUY LEAHY <xrciseguy <at> q.com> wrote:

> Another potential impact on marine Cretaceous ecosystems is
> these giant plankivorous fish would have represented an important
> food resource for mosasaurs, and the extinction of
> _Bonnerichthys_ and relatives at the K/Pg boundary could
> have contributed to mosasaur extinction, at least to the
> more hypercarnivorous taxa...

There were also some fairly large cartilaginous fish about at the time (Late Cretaceous), including
possible filter-feeders.  Shark teeth of Late Cretaceous age from the Western Interior Sea were assigned
by Kenshu Shimada (2007; JVP 27:512–516) to the Megachasmidae, a family of large filter-feeding
sharks that survive to this day (_Megachasma pelagios_, or 'megamouth' shark).  Shimada (2007)
suggested that his LK species (_Megachasma comanchensis_) might have been likewise planktivorous,
based on striking similarities in the dentition between the Cretaceous and extant species. 
Interestingly, the _Rhinconichthys_/_Bonnerichthys_ Science paper downplays the importance of
these putative megachasmid teeth - even though K. Shimada is one of the co-authors of the Science paper!

There is also a possible planktivorous shark (though perhaps not neoselachian) from the Late Triassic of
Europe, known from teeth and gill-rakers (_Pseudocetorhinus pickfordi_, a possible
synechodontiform).  Planktivorous pachycormids might have supplanted these forms in the early
Jurassic.  Nevertheless, there is enough fossil evidence to suggest that pachycormids might not have had
a monopoly on the large-planktivore guild in the Mesozoic.  

Cheers

Tim

(Continue reading)

Dann Pigdon | 2 Mar 2010 02:30
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Sauropod-eating snakes

Giant dino-eating snake killed in action 

http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn18594-giant-dinoeating-snake-killed-in-action.html

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2010-03/plos-nfs022510.php

PDF:

Wilson et al 2009 "Predation upon Hatchling Dinosaurs by a New Snake from the Late Cretaceous 
of India". PLoS One Biology 8(3)

http://www.plos.org/press/plbi-08-03-Wilson.pdf

--

-- 
_____________________________________________________________

Dann Pigdon
GIS Specialist                         Australian Dinosaurs
Melbourne, Australia               http://home.alphalink.com.au/~dannj
_____________________________________________________________

Jay | 2 Mar 2010 12:41
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Re: Sauropod-eating snakes

In the same journal, is an article by a primer article by Benton, which also features Sanajeh as well as Tyrannosaurus

http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1000321

--- On Tue, 3/2/10, Dann Pigdon <dannj <at> alphalink.com.au> wrote:

> From: Dann Pigdon <dannj <at> alphalink.com.au>
> Subject: Sauropod-eating snakes
> To: dinosaur <at> usc.edu
> Date: Tuesday, March 2, 2010, 10:30 AM
> Giant dino-eating snake killed in
> action 
> 
> http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn18594-giant-dinoeating-snake-killed-in-action.html
> 
> http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2010-03/plos-nfs022510.php
> 
> PDF:
> 
> Wilson et al 2009 "Predation upon Hatchling Dinosaurs by a
> New Snake from the Late Cretaceous 
> of India". PLoS One Biology 8(3)
> 
> http://www.plos.org/press/plbi-08-03-Wilson.pdf
> 
> -- 
> _____________________________________________________________
> 
> Dann Pigdon
> GIS Specialist           
(Continue reading)

Jay | 2 Mar 2010 13:02
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Re: Sauropod-eating snakes

Sorry folks. Obviously my last message should have read: "In the same journal, is a primer article by
Benton, which also features Sanajeh as well as Tyrannosaurus"

--- On Tue, 3/2/10, Jay <sappororaptor <at> yahoo.com> wrote:

> From: Jay <sappororaptor <at> yahoo.com>
> Subject: Re: Sauropod-eating snakes
> To: "DML" <dinosaur <at> usc.edu>
> Date: Tuesday, March 2, 2010, 8:41 PM
> In the same journal, is an article by
> a primer article by Benton, which also features Sanajeh as
> well as Tyrannosaurus
> 
> http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1000321
> 
> --- On Tue, 3/2/10, Dann Pigdon <dannj <at> alphalink.com.au>
> wrote:
> 
> > From: Dann Pigdon <dannj <at> alphalink.com.au>
> > Subject: Sauropod-eating snakes
> > To: dinosaur <at> usc.edu
> > Date: Tuesday, March 2, 2010, 10:30 AM
> > Giant dino-eating snake killed in
> > action 
> > 
> > http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn18594-giant-dinoeating-snake-killed-in-action.html
> > 
> > http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2010-03/plos-nfs022510.php
> > 
> > PDF:
(Continue reading)

Choo, Brian | 2 Mar 2010 14:17
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RE: Sauropod-eating snakes


Immediately brought to mind William Stout's 1981 madstoiid vs  titanosaur battle in "The New Dinosaurs".
Paleoart would seem to have jumped the gun on scientific discovery again.

Brian

________________________________________
From: owner-DINOSAUR <at> usc.edu [owner-DINOSAUR <at> usc.edu] On Behalf Of Dann Pigdon [dannj <at> alphalink.com.au]
Sent: Tuesday, 2 March 2010 12:30 PM
To: dinosaur <at> usc.edu
Subject: Sauropod-eating snakes

Giant dino-eating snake killed in action

http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn18594-giant-dinoeating-snake-killed-in-action.html

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2010-03/plos-nfs022510.php

PDF:

Wilson et al 2009 "Predation upon Hatchling Dinosaurs by a New Snake from the Late Cretaceous
of India". PLoS One Biology 8(3)

http://www.plos.org/press/plbi-08-03-Wilson.pdf

--
_____________________________________________________________

Dann Pigdon
GIS Specialist                         Australian Dinosaurs
(Continue reading)

Paul H. | 2 Mar 2010 14:34
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Microfossils Shed Light on Cretaceous/Palaeogene Extinction

Tiny Shelled Creatures Shed Light on Extinction and 
Recovery 65 Million Years Ago, Science Daily, March 1, 2010

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/03/100301102805.htm

“An asteroid strike may not only account for the demise 
of ocean and land life 65 million years ago, but the 
fireball's path and the resulting dust, darkness and 
toxic metal contamination may explain the geographic 
unevenness of extinctions and recovery, according to 
Penn State geoscientists.”

Jiang, S. T. J. Bralower, M. E. Patzkowsky, L. R. Kump,
and J. D. Schueth, 2010, Geographic controls on 
nannoplankton extinction across the Cretaceous/Palaeogene 
boundary. Nature Geoscience, DOI: 10.1038/ngeo775

http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/abs/ngeo775.html

Yours,

Paul H.

Paul H. | 2 Mar 2010 14:35
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Recent Papers About Permian-Triassic Extinction

Flash Recovery Of Ammonoids After Most Massive Extinction 
Of All Time. Science Daily, Sep. 14, 2009.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090902122331.htm

The paper is:

Brayard ,A., G. Escarguel, H. Bucher, C. Monnet, T. Brühwiler, 
N. Goudemand, T. Galfetti, and J. Guex, 2009, Good Genes 
and Good Luck: Ammonoid Diversity and the End-Permian 
Mass Extinction. Science, 2009, vol. 325, no. 5944,
pp. 1118 DOI: 10.1126/science.1174638

http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5944/1118

Another article is:

Mass Extinctions: 'Giant' Fossils Are Revolutionizing Current 
Thinking. Science Daily, Feb. 11, 2010.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/02/100210171413.htm

The paper is:

Brayard A., A. Nutzel, D. A. Stephen, K. G. Bylund, J. Jenks,
and H. Bucher, 2010, Gastropod evidence against the Early 
Triassic Lilliput effect. Geology. vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 147-150.
DOI: 10.1130/G30553.1

http://geology.gsapubs.org/content/38/2/147
(Continue reading)


Gmane