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How does both the Marxist and capitalist philosophical crisis get stimulus from the each other? (Part-1, 2 & 3 & 4of 5).
While making any statement by any individual or any philosopher about the things of present, past and about the up coming issues in future, they were very informative about those things upon which they wanted to speak something differently from the previous statements of others, very differently, to the people in any country through any way of the available sources. Hundreds of philosophers have told about the origin of the world and its laws of working in which the way of living of the people from ancient times to present. The language itself the people invented for their convenient to the ancient people who have given the new life to the people, through which they learnt from each other and continued their lives from the caves and forests to the habitations under the protective measures and finding the new needs according to the time demanded for implementations and
inventions in the life of the primitive people.
Every human being have the work of feeding themselves wherever they lived with one another before forming the families and divisions from the groups to the individual based groups. While every step into the advancement from the old to new there must be a lead of any one or two who were held responsible for every such step. And at the same time in the absence of implements in helping their day to day lives they were helpful with each other and dependable upon the other individuals of the society,
The collective idea and living together as a primitive society in ancient times was based on the theories and ideas of many anthropologists and social philosophers including Engel, in the similar way of the living nature of the humanoids, apes and champagnes only. But it is a fact that it is an idea, and an opinion based of the evidences of the living nature of the animals that have some additions to the evidences what they could produce in support of the claim at the time the presentation of their ideas which may be true, or partial true, and not true. These ideas or opinions if related to the up-coming events in future, the people call them fortune tellers, palmist or foretellers. They have their place in the present society and they lives as usually whatever the way they like to live, for which no body could have objection about them
. Because they people those who believe them, would approach them and give some tip or whatever a gift on the demand or their will the action of telling about the future of individual who attended him and receiving it the present or gift have been completed. Here why was the individual approached to him to know about the future and why the foreteller did was opted to work of foretelling without participation in the work of the production in any way is not a question to the entire society of any time and the people who have no way related to each of them like doing the same work for pretty gifts, in order to avoid the hard work for himself when we was found the work on his own for just living. This question is more applicable to the ancient times of our past than the present now, because the number of such visitors is less and their source also has found no guarantee to
depend upon it.
While discussing about the fact in market places in Greece at the time of Aristotle, and Plato the essentiality of the argument upon any thing there must be two persons who has a zeal to know from each other’s views upon the things which were mostly related to the society, people, limitations of the state, duties of the kings, responsibilities of the citizens, taxation affairs of the states, formulations of the rules on the slave, female slave, free-men, half-freemen, rich people, and about the participation of the most rich people at their time of discussions.
There was the system to bring out the facts through the arguments with each others and made their own identifications about who was the actual knowledge man and who were not. The second condition and the essentiality of bringing out the fact through the argument were the equals and equality for the argument. So that every one wanted to argue with those, had knowledge about the issues which were very important at that time to know about.
Where as the present condition upon which every one have a definite opinion about functional areas and its feasible applications in the present society. There is no need of argument with anybody who have the knowledge about the society, state, people, castes, religions, faiths, beliefs, practices, skills professions, fields, knowledge, sources, name of the products production centers, governments, its rules, number its subjects, classes of the people, rich classes middles classes, lower classes, employees, professionals, companies, manufacturing units, financial institutions, state’s personnel, judiciary, legislative bodies, societies, banks, political parties, political philosophies and about the global rules with its new proposed order by the competitive and advanced states. Hence the way of argument through which bringing out the facts is obsolete.
This system of arguments in the judiciary represents the two parties. The accused, charge, and the complainant as these are the subjects upon which the judgment normally delivers by the judge by either proving the change or acquittal of the case filed by the complainant.
These are the principal players in the set of a specific system in which all these have to play their role. Here the charge which have the basic information of the offence the accused committed with some relevant evidences, witnesses and with support of some material occurrences were taken place. So the democratic system in which the judiciary is functioning in the most democratic manner unlike the dictatorial states where there is no rule of separation of executive from judiciary and awarding a liberty to the accused by choosing a defense counsel to represent his case in the court. So we the people are in general agreed and allowed to practice.
It is the subject to discuss about the days of primitive state of human beings when they have no language to communicate each other while living on the trees of the forests, and in caves to leaning the walk on foot to the present stage of internet chat system, covering the establishing the civilizations through agriculture, domestication, building some huts, to the use of stones, and from the use of stones to the metals in their needs of the progress and development of the civilizations, from the entire period of their journey from the slavery to the present capitalist system through the feudal system including the changing productive relations from time to time to present in detail on the opinions already in use by the Marxist philosophers, Karl Marx,. Engel, V.I Lenin, Stalin, George Plekhanov and lastly on the views of
Moa Se Tung on the topic of the dilectics, dialectical materialism, dialectical and historical materialism, as all these are extensions and additional contributions to the popular philosopher of the idealism, hegel once again in the interest of its applicability to all the states in present condition of the crisis of both capitalism and Marxism
. It is an attempt to present an opinion about the Marxism in which the dialectics, dialectical materialism and dialectical and material histories as all these forms a greater part in the Marxism, I already feels that it is in great crisis and need to come out in the interest of the poor, lower, working class’s majority people in India. At the same time the capitalism has shown its hollowness in serving the people through the role of state. It is very strange to note that in all these writings of the greatest philosophers could not find the role of many factors of the society in forming a shape from ancient days to present.
While living in the caves and in the forest the humans were compelled to fight the wild animals, natural disasters, and dangers from other individuals for which they were in the protective form of their system while living together. The primitive humans while living much prior to the finding the stone implements either for their protection or for killing the animals, there were in arrangement of working divisions in which all the members were not worked, but all the humans were to eat along with those who were collected and brought to their place where they were decided to live for time under the assured security purposes. It means all the humans were not assigned to work collectively in killing the animals and collection food from the plants like fruits etc
It is that where the males and females were used to stay collectively in the secured place they were distributed the works of collecting the food for all by few members of the community there. And some others were took the role of guarding the remained incapable humans who were identified as there was their use in a group by serving the other works of adjusting the times and places of collection of the foods. The work and its implements in use while living they used to bear all the members including few who casually share in the productive work. It was their need in the commune to bear them even without regular work of collection of the food. So the principle of not working all in all times in all the work what they had at that time within the relation of the productive forces with its implements for the productions where the productive forces and partial non productive
forces were allowed to live together as members in the interest of the whole group
The need of protection and collection of the food from far and distant places were made them to guard the remained in the commune, that have created the new opportunity of the work to which another individual needed to attend. Hence the new need which made them to bear the casual worker along with the other workers in their food sharing too. It is further made them attend the new work with new understanding on the new need which was once again made them to come on new terms to live together. All the humans directly could not perform all the works regularly because the distant journey in collection of food, and providing a security to all while living in the protective place, and searching the new and nearest resourceful places like all these works made them to follow the work division by allowing the casual work, search of new resourceful places, and allotting a protective
duties to them frequently with changing duties were the way of living in the ancient time
. It is clear that the duty of protection was unavoidable thing in the society. At the same time work division and bearing all the members in common food sharing with casual work in production and participation of other service related works were the striking features besides protection of the women, who directly responsible for taking care of their children till the age of helping the males in their direct and service related works.
In the primitive societies the weak individuals, strong individuals, and some others were engaged in the work of production or collection of food in practice in the similar way of animals like mammal and apes. Women some times were not allowed due to the affiliation of the male to whom they were in contact, and they were allotted to see the work of the children. Consequently, the question of power of protection, collection, search of new resourceful areas, making arrangements for shelters was raised, then the lead role who resumed in collection of food, and protections of the others including assigning the service related works in coordination of all in successful manner, came in lead role.
Consequently the role coordination of all with provision of food and maintenance of women along with the children were vested in the hands of one person of the community and all were to oblige the instructions of the one individual in the interest of the community. It has quite well till the new invention in the food habits in raw. After finding the taste of baked food, again the working avenue was widened and all need to have the work of such food. At the same time, storage, of fruits, and other eatables were caused great changes in the history of the human beings. The storage, and security of it was the major contribution in their lives, they followed the practice.
Ayub Mohammed
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/political_analysts/
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How does both the Marxist and capitalist philosophical crisis get stimulus from the each other (Part-2 of 5).
Origin and zeal of the society;
While presenting any theory of human beings in ancient period, it is common to see from the point of present conditions, under which the presenters views directly and indirectly influence by the way of living relations of the present period in which the productive forces and their relation with the new findings and inventions upon which all these views influences the views in the presentation of the past and remote history of the present society. It further leads into past from the point where he started presenting the findings about anything upon which the social relations and its active players take a lead role in further finding the new on the old one in any field
.
Darwinian Theory of common origin was proved wrong in many ways by the findings of other scientists in later years. The humans while living in caves and in the forest they did not have any tools for their lively hood. Later they found tools with stones, later they further, iron they used in their lives which have found some sort of security to their lives within the adjustments as substitutes, casual participations in the collection of the food
The new social order they formed for the interest of all the members of the group in which one who was secured the power of leading the others within the command of duties he assigned regular production work, security work, observational work, searching of the resources works, the chief had been alienated from the productive work field. In order to assign these widened avenues in which all most all with high risky to low and simple works all the members were accommodated according to the capability and the interest of the members. This was the situation where the changes through the new findings and making to learn the adjustments with each other on the needs of the group have been habituated
.
In a progress and development of the living habits of the ancient humans there are at least five-seven branches have been originated during a small and short time of living from the caves and forest to the safety places for their living. In order of listing of the in findings on time line is not possible here because this kind of advancement and progress in a little time, it had taken thousands and millions of years.
1) Alienation from the productive work to commanding work which is non productive in its nature.
2) Casual work relief from the production work and the system of substitution in the work took place
3) Security work in protecting the fellow humans in the community taken place.
4) Service related and helping with learning to little were taken place.
5) The relations on the options among the male and females were taken place, from commonality to particularity were taken place.
6) Food storage they learned and they habituated to moderate use of the laborious bunts from wasting the excesses to needy in a time limit for next time hunting.
7) Learning and finding the season of rains, moon days and dark days.
There were many more things the inventions and findings they have passed over the period in protecting themselves from all sorts of natural disasters, and from the wild animals. The continuous process they had in their lives, through the new inventions and new findings from each of the branch.
In common the people have been divided in to different categories they needed to move according the new opportunities and new works on every new finding were they practiced. And on every change, and on every development, the new production tools from old one to new with type of relations on the working place they were practiced in their lives.
The new opportunity of the need on which the newly generated work was the rule of every system they had at that time. At the same time the work and the skilled work with the tools and without tools, productive works and non productive works were generated and the each and every section had its law to follow the principle and all those who were in their fields must follow the set of its laws which were generated and the learners had to follow the same laws on the maturity of gaining capability. It was essential to learn the hunting of some animals in the nights only and some animals in day only and some in rainy seasons only and some in all the time, they were compelled to follow as the laws and established rules to follow. In the same way, the food habits from ready made level to roasting system they increased in
which the new learners or the weak or the casuals were to carry out in the interest of all the members participated.
All these developments and progress in the living system while producing the food through the development of the tools according to the needs and filling of the opportunities in every time, the common law of the societies were come up and all the members were to follow the laws without violations. In the same way, the human history passed through the intensive findings and practices again inventions and finding into practice as the activity in finding the useful and dangerousness of the animals they found and stated the domestication of animals, finding the new areas from the point of wondering to settlement for the regular and guaranteed food they compelled to provide to all through the widened work distribution they practiced
. Domestication of animals and settlements on the plane areas, and farming, as all these developments in the history of human progress confirms at least three things upon which the progress was taken place, which could be known as follows.
1)every new step towards new development on its old one confirms that the elements which took active role were the new ones, because in every historical development the role of individual in finding and in inventing the new could be only possible in one or two sections only in the life time of any individual.
Hence the human it is confirmed that the role of individual in every findings and its practices, the same individual could not see how the entire people were practicing the new inventions. It is not possible. Moreover the history has been come to know about its development and its progress with all the inventions and findings on the present system is based on only after the inventions of the writing system and its language. Language which has provided the knowledge in history of the progress and development of the civilizations on the scale of the time to find more than what we have in the written form through which we can say something about the controversial and unproved facts in the history to have some view about the future of the human journey from such cave dwelling to moon residing developments, the men
achieved such a great adventures in all the states which were not identified with guarding the borders on which billions of dollars are spending without considering the needs of the humans and the poor and developing states. How the free journey of humans from the forest to plane areas with present’s advancements they were made themselves fixed with their own laws which were once framed for themselves in the common interest have now been turned to the nations and states like a cages and its rules once they formed in past now turned as prisons for the own children of the ancient humans. Of course it is another question to discuss some other time in different topic. And coming back to the emergence of newness form the old debris are nothing but the new only and no question of going back in to the past the lesson the humans have prepared the rule of law of the time, in which the old relations once took its new form on the name of new on the old ones.
Every new must become the old and the old is only old that would never be made new by any one in the world. No wonder the description about the past would become the past unless one more description about the same content comes either in its support or in its opposition, it is not a question. But the findings and inventions in the ancient times by the individuals and its practice by the ancients are divided as the active and passive forces including identification of the new productive implements with its new relations at that time in which all members were to take part in different works through different field by resorting to formulations the new sets of laws in each and in every field with perfect understanding and identification of the different works including the non productive avenues and its sections in coordination of the common command under whose guidance
the society had to be seen sun in smooth ways
. In essence the ancient communities were well aware about the needs and fulfilling the needs of those dwelling conditions by bearing non-productive sections and the people who did not take direct part in the productive works as productive forces and non-productive forces mainly including the service related works as well as training to the children while doing the productive and non-productive works based on the only available food and their resources
. It means food for the non-productive forces including the service related world were allowed and found that the need of their service to all in their interest had the social sanctions. Social sanctions and its laws made them to opt the working options like a choosing pairs in the interest of all made them differentiate from each other among them. Consequently every one had reduced to the stage to get more results from the routine in allotted and opted duties in every new avenue; as a result the skilled and non-skilled were generated.
In every new finding in the productive tools with finding the new resources the option of the selector was turned key point in making the group with skilled and un-skilled basing on the results they secured in material form for making them group strong and efficient. In the process of all these developments, I do not claim that the peace and peaceful ways were they followed, because I do not believe in the theory of ‘absolute’, because in physics mathematics and even in chemistry there is no principle is absolute. So it is the history that too the discussing issue is about the past, and about the human nature and their needs with their progress and development in which the point is about the period which is not written in any book in clear way. If I go into the communication system of the past, I should start
from the present communication system of e-mail, which in seconds I give my message to thousands of members with little effort. But in ancient times the man to man signing system, then language, then personal contacting system, and then in Indian and in Asian states the doves and other animals were used in the communication system, then sending a messenger and in later times the telephone the people used Now mobiles in use in a system of communication of the present times.
After that we know the letters and now this type of communication system. In India the pilgrimage centre, kashi for which the people used bullock carts as a system of transport which takes one to three months time from Andhra Pradesh. Now it has been available in all the ways of train, bus, flight etc. but no one like to go to kashi on cart even from remote and backward area of jharkhand or from Raipur of chattisgarh. No poor eat raw on the necessity. Hence the productive forces with the relations of the production tools of the age including service related implements would never go back to the past whoever wants to go back it would be an
opinion of their own but it is not based on the principle of the social laws
A common beggar of the Delhi streets would never use walking from their native villages to come to Delhi in his profession. In essence the time with which the human mind lead the humans in entirety with some minor and negligible errors of the man kind from ancient times to the present times with the intensive findings in each field within its own laws have given the law of rime which would never go back with its developed implements of the productive system upon which the entire human society was depended and took its lead through the new relations on the basis of the need and social sanctions. And the human nature which is that once it is habituated, would never toll back but finds the ways to make it comfort for his
needs of that during their life time, without going back.
Minds of the few in the society on any name of philosophies may go back but the productive implements and other mechanical tools of the society which were once invented on its old ones for the use of the service related works for the entire mankind would never go back.
Ayub Mohammed
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/political_analysts/
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How does both the Marxist and capitalist philosophical crisis get stimulus from the each other (Part 3 of 5)
Causes and reasons of diversifying the productive and non-productive fields into the multiplication of the classes into divisions of the society,
Alienation of productive force from the production work for the whole society at that time, the reasons were demanded them to set aside from the mere and little responsibility of the production work to the high degree of total responsibilities on the newly emerged needs they adopted to the system of uniformity in decisions in implementation of the activities they carried out in the new areas at that time
.
The alienation from the productive work had the universal sanction to deal the new challenges from the new responsibilities they all were to resume. The new challenges they had to face from the old responsibilities to new tasks. Consequently the non-productive sections in which they allowed to work were more widened with the new needs and demands.
The burden of the production work was consistent with the need of all, with the reduced strength of the productive forces. The pressure was mounted to full fill the growing demand of the needs in food habits, which were taken new turn from the raw to the boiled or roasted in its form. At the same time the work of eating from the temporary ‘spots’ to the permanent shelters was given a new ground to engage the new men to work in the ‘preparation’ of food ‘, taking care of the food, and bringing the food material from the distant areas were made to engage a courageous and well built men into it.
The divisions of the non-productive work field occupied a wide are to adopt more men from the production work to non-production work. Resultantly, the skilled and non-skilled portions of bifurcation were taken place in their lives at that time at the time of shift of their dwellings to plane areas. The skilled and non-skilled work both in productive and non-productive fields were taken place within the unit under the pressure of the protection of the people from both natural, and wild animals under the conditions of which they were to live.
While living under the threat perception and their moves, could never be understood by any body in the world, because they want to see the past and remote events which were changing under the differences of the changes for identifying the factors that had to play in both material and in mental forms of the people, who were only able to know what decisions could be taken in according to the circumstances under which they were allowed to live
At the same time, these types of changes in all fields were taken place under the need of the growing demands which could be taken over by the efficient and capable individuals. At least four fields were in open before them to meet the task of the changes, which could be seen as follows.
Productive field which was under pressure and that had given birth to the need of selecting the skilled workers in proving a food to all with leading, some minors for the purpose to train them, during the traveling, while their work. Here the selections and the selections of the skilled, training, at the same time, casual, regular works divisions were taken place.
In the non-productive field, the coordination of all four sections were needed as to see how much of the guarantee they were secured from the men who were on that responsibilities had been entrusted to, to be verified, and the depositing of the food with finding out the durability of what were to collect with protection of it from its own people were the reason to actively work with muscle and with their minds. At the same time, the foods responsibility was to carry out in a same way where the men were appointed for that had to be verified with the balance of the needy men and excessive use of the working at the spot of the society.
The imbalance of utilizations was automatically accrued there due to the allotment and work divisions of the men into productive and non-productive forces. It means the side effect was shown its result on the whole system of the society in which they were to over come it without going back to the original phase of their journey. The result of the emergence of the two fields from varying each from its own origin were moving its own way from many hurdles in their long run. In every field at the dwelling centers from where the origin of finding the irrigation, domestication of animals, cultivation, planting and other fields were emerged within its own set of laws
.The non-productive field had been reduced to the broadened responsibilities of keeping unifying members by avoiding a clashes at the women, at the work of guarding the food storage, and at the selecting the men to all other works within the society that kind of attraction from both sides of productive and non productive fields were made them to kill with the support of the others who were mostly entrusted to the most key centers of the society. By formulating the developments in the society, I do not like to lead it towards the principle of the fittest was survived
. But I like to say the fittest system was survived and made to continue from that ancient time to the present modern times. All these developments were taken place at the African jungles and at the surrounding places of the Egyptians, and Sumerians dwelling centers. I am not talking about the developments that also were taken place at the Indian subcontinent. Because Indian and its south Asian history does not consist all transitional periods as claimed by the world Marists and Indian Marxist in India. In my earlier article I explained the system of slavery which was jumped out to the feudal system without passing the phase of the slave system.
Here the entire Marxist believes that the interpretation of the history through the phases were the same and India also has such history and they tries to apply the other model of proposition to India and its historical developments. It was the different story about the Indian transitional period which was and is quite opposite to the Marxist interpretations in its philosophy. The responsibility of the coordination of the many diversifying needs and its filling-ups with men was stood to the top of the position like a post at that time. In its true sense it is the name of ‘state’. It was in its responsibility to lead the society into the
further advancement based on the coming new and newest challenges in the hands of the coordinator. The non-productive fields such as protecting the society, guarding the storages, food preparations at the society, and the responsibility of feeding the children and women who were allowed to be at the wishes of the head of the society
.
As these developments were taking place at the society, the inventions and findings were lead them towards progress and advancements, such as developing irrigation channels, tiles, metal equipments, in plowing, and other inventions were taken place in the same way. Simply, this kind of historical interpretation from the point of materialistic way what I like to assess the past to understand the present conditions of the world in its exact manner without committing bias against the whole history of man kind.
At the same time, from the past to the another form of social system which was known by all those who have a political knowledge or any political affiliations in interpreting the past and remote developments in the history which had the role to play the same role in further developing the society from one phase to another.
The known history, through the available sources at present could be broadly said that the inventions from the first book bible, which states that there was slavery and it, had social sanctions at that time when the bible was written. And many more evidences are available to claim that the slave system was come into being without knowing its prior system which had lead to its advanced system at that time. Aristotle, in his writings, and in Greek philosophy the slave system as a legalized system was existed. And they supported while their life times. Before going into depth on the subject of the slavery, it is necessary to inquire the leading and the most striking features on the society upon which the entire system was and is based and on the stable process of progress any society could emerge as a powerful and resourceful of the time in the interest of the
people
.
To identify the exact factors of the society with its features which lead it from stage to stage on each and every findings and innovations, every factor behind every invention, which are discussed here below
there must be a need to which the people was in relentlessly trying and bearing the losses on unsuccessful attempts like a factor, if we take as example, the people did not know about the swimming, they needed to learn the swimming and built a ferries or logs they used to cross the rivers, which was the new for the new people and the old were drowned
The code of Manu, which had a section in the list of punishments on proof of guilt by throwing him into water because the reason at that time the people did not learn swimming. So that the section of punishment of throwing the guilt into water was the reason they were in belief that the guilt did not swim out of the waters. The act of swimming was made them to cross the rivers and they got their settlements wherever they believed as the place of safety.
The sensing of the need should come out of skilled, cleverish and personal emotions, while resuming the responsibilities in the entrusted fields irrespective of the productive and non-productive sections
.
In every filed, the lead role played by active people who may be even one or two as an indicators of such need as an essentiality while discharging their works.
Those men who were engaged in their respective works were in feeling that all were doing the work with equal responsibility under the single command or force on one or few with their help in discharging their works
An organizational vacuum was come with the differences between the two major sections of that society besides its own and internal differences among the newly emerged sections through the skilled works of the capabilities which were the basic and primary need at that time to take birth another section from its own that lead one stage of advancement and progress to another.
The clear cut demarcation between the productive and non productive sections were taken place within which every advancement and progress taken place within its own spectrum of each field beside its major fields of productive and non-productive.
In the similar way of the developments in the productive side with its extended braches now we all are evident about its existence in present time in all societies from the right from beginning, at least three major braches through which all fields of the present day of progress and advancement of the societies we should note which are named as follows.
As a major section in the society, the productive field from its ancient origin to present that feeds the whole society with its all extended branches of the present society in all over the world. The transition of the phase of the society from one stage to another stage in each country was and is very different from each other. No common model of Marxist philosophy, or its extended Leninism, in U.S.S.R, and the last model of Maoism could never be applied to the other parts of the world. To understand this particularity principle from the principle of generality which was I previously discussed in my another article, some two three months back, to all the states in the world may need many more decades or centuries, I do not expect, because the philosophy is such that would never allow anybody to review the past of its possible applications to the global
countries
. The whole philosophy and a thought to state any ideas or a set of ideas by somebody, though, it may be in a materialistic form, against idealism, and utopian way of presenting the ideas about the people ,society, state, and other important things with were and are proved that as a facts and the same were and are proved correct through its reasonable and in rational way in the interest of the society, nation and for the people who lives in the society by entrusting the general responsibility of their protection as their first priority and prioritized nature in the set of other natures of the human beings whose nature and mind to calculate in every time hundreds of theories were and are come up but could not succeed to present the human nature and their behaviors would be such in the when they face such conditions in particular
time and place with the particular factors that cause them to come up with their decisions, the only philosophy in the world on the serious observations on the change of the nature through the industries in the industrial revolution and its consequences with progress and developments it was formulated by the great philosopher Karl Marx and Engel. Both saw the results and they represented the whole theory and their philosophy in their literature which had given the two models of Marxian states in the world. The other was and it’s some level of progress in gauging the minds of the people in achieving their task of the removal of the monarchy in Nepal. Hence these models are known that all were and are the direct contributions of Karl Marx, Engel, Lenin, Stalin, Mao, how many lives were behind the success of these two states, and what were the factors really played in
that socialist system of the governance have been told by many more than the Indians. But the British and American universities were allowed to carry out research works more on Marxian philosophies than any other subjects of social sciences.
In India there is more working groups on these philosophies are working than the findings the philosophical contributions to the social science from the side of Marxian philosophy in India. Coming back to other section of the society which relates completely to non-productive sections whatever we have in present day that had their origin in the ancient
As a part of the society, the non-productive filed which did not share in the productive work of the society. And it is completely depended upon the productive field of the society. Since the say of alienation of this diction from participation of the productive work, it has been played a lead role in development and progress of the society as a whole but through it’s extended and sub-sections of its major field. It has no power in the direct way of interfering in the affairs of the productive works and its relations within its own sub-sections of the branches.
In its apex seat, the state what we call to the chief of the non-productive sections of its own, from post of the president to the least and lower post of contract labor of the local bodies, all does not participate in the production works in the society. But all those who belong to the border security force personnel to India’s telecom company’s night watchman lives like members of the same society from the days of alienation from the participation in productive works.
As an unavoidable need was its emergence in ancient period and from that period to till now they have been diversified and extended its roots to every branch of the government in present society by resuming the responsibilities of their respective fields. In other words, if we say correctly all the major sections of executive, legislative and judiciary all of its related branches and other sections of the society like press/media, education, entertainment, etc.
All those who do not have the direct participation in the productive field, were and are known that they are non-productive and dependents of the productive forces. And it was not easy at the time of its emergence and growth, but now it has become easy to work. So that most of the members of the society seeks these fields. And the productive field which was and is the base of all members of any society from ancient societies to the present modern societies. I go on about it later, but coming to another important section of the society which was and is the key in fastening the pace of the progress and development of the society. It is still in the hands of the people who play multiple roles in the society both in two to three fields of the society.
Productive tools, which were and are the key players in the society from ancient times to the present day of every progress and development of the society and played a predominant role in all times since the ancient days to present day. From the period of stone tools to the nuclear weapons, the growth and origin of the tools and equipments were used in the production fields for feeding the whole society at that time.
And now its peak stage of industries which are now producing the products for the benefit of its owners has a different story that may be detailed some time later. But the role of the productive tools which were used in feeding to fighting against the enemies has the same origin and its developments from that time to present period especially after the industrial revolution. But all these are in whose hands have another story to discuss in another article. One tool of iron on the development in this field, by finding the iron for hunting the animals, had been made useful in plowing the land in the Sumerian civilization, iron use was made in the transport of a carts as a development and contribution for another invention by using it for digging water storages on finding the scarcity of it in summer times. At the same way
all these developments in the filed of tools taken place for the list of serializing such finding are not possible to discuss here.
How did the state pay its role from the needy time to present day is discussed in detail in the next article.
Ayub Mohammed
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/political_analysts/
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How does both the Marxist and capitalist philosophical crisis get stimulus from the each other (Part4 of 5)
Situational factors leads to organizational factors from individual to massive way was the real potential source of the society for its progress and its advancements from ancient to present capitalism in the world indifferently to all the states including India.
Tools in hands were deprived of by those wanted to keep the productive forces unite was the first step of the powerful lords who gained control over the people, resources, and its productions in the dwelling areas of the society. In essence, the initiation stage of the civilization in which the people were allowed to live in a common life with the women, children, and the feeder as an unit of the family as its first freedom of leaving from the system of common dwelling in unity with the family who belonged to the blood relations of the lords
.The blood related males were the first alienated from the common living dwelling centers with their tools and belongings as a unit of their own family including their females, children, and some males who were thought to be useful for the practical purposes of securing the needs of the family. The very basic relaxation was at this alienation from the common dwelling centers were believes that they would never turn in hostilities against the first lords. The ‘trust’ was the basic requirement in allowing the blood related families which was the need at that time, with a view to help them in case of any dangers to either their lives the lords or to their resources by the enemies within the common dwelling centers or from the out side source including natural disasters like floods.
The basic need of the newly alienating blood related lords was food, shelter, females, children, and some domesticated animals, like a dog, sheep, bull, and some metal tools within the same common dwelling centers. While alienating from the power of the lords the newly emerging blood related lords, they have made themselves as an another power center within common, dwelling habitations quite for some time as an adjustments for the purpose of the safely and guarantee that was the basic need of every one to live together under one common force which was controlled by the lords.
The alienation from power centre within same common dwelling units was firstly, as half in the way of independence within itself and in second way that was in physical and in complete physical by migrating to some other areas in accordance to the physical conditions of the areas which were mostly plane areas. The very nature of divisions of the were taken place in two way further more while the progress and advancement of the civilizations, at that time. These initial alienations from themselves were resulted the unending expansions of the migrations with tools, domestic animals, women, children, and having some skilled, and unskilled men for the purpose of formation of further dwelling centers.
All such was consisted with men of skilled and un-skilled, women, children, domesticated animals, as a unit of civilization at the plane areas mostly they used to choose on the banks of the rivers from African forests to its surrounding plane areas and the river banks. As we know that till now the name in the list of the civilizations, the first Mesopotamian civilization was come into being from the roots of the evolutionary changes and progress of the humans and their material relations in the world. The alienation of few men from the work of production, was caused to form the dependent system of the state on the productive forces and its material at the cost of security and guarantee to the other humans as well as the taking charge of entrusting the duties, choosing the mighty, active and skilled men was the origin and
requirement of the early form and early stage of its important model of the state at that time. The causes of the origin of the states in almost all the states in the world were very different from each other and do not claim as same for the causes of the origin of the states in all countries
In India there are no such findings and inventions are proved that the Indians or Asians who had the direct relations of the origin of the humans from the evolutionary changes of the humans and growth of the civilization on the banks of the Saraswati River known as Harappa and Moenjodaro civilization that was existed. I do not claim on the origin of human beings in Asian region on the very basis of the same like that of the African. Because no findings are being proved about its origin and growth at the Indian subcontinent, but surely I can say that the reference in Rig-Veda about the habitations of other sects, or cults were in existence. Ganas and Janapadas are known about the existence of other cultured people through the first hand history book of Indian civilization
. At the same time I do not like to go into the depth of the Aryan invasion theory or its anti-thesis now very much in popularity in the contest of the new findings through the ‘horse’ as a symbol of the new findings about the origins of Aryans as native people this region. Where the question of faith comes before anybody as to make to think through the theories, evidences, supporting proofs, and all that demanding as a proof of certain things in the world, though there may be an option to believe that certain things as facts or disbelieving them as certain things as facts, are definitely depending on the mind and the set of beliefs of the person’ interests only
. Because human being is not either mechanical tool or material thing like that of lifeless things in the world to give its same responses, ideas, notions, reaction, contributions, sacrifices, lovingness, hatefulness, activities on all issues in similar way of the mechanical applications and on the material way of physics, chemistry, mathematics, and other life sciences. Off course the human nature is such a thing that could be corrupted long back while living in the forests and caves in African forests
.If the mechanical and material way of thinking if the humans had been formulated like a program of any soft ware we could be long back turned as robots to act on the orders of the lords, or feudal, or capitalist, or warriors, or messengers, or saints, or sages of the world. There could be no need to wonder the Moses for a promised land, or no need to crucify the Jesus Christ, or no need to desist the way of violence of Buddha, or no need to live the saints of Brahmanism on the mercy of the people for whom they choose to write the whole Hindu literature in making the religion as the culture of the Indian civilization from its Vedic period to present activities of the Tirupati Balaji temple’s mass marriage program. This kind of program, the Muslim community is in its bad need this time. If any waqf or national or charity program would take the similar program for Indian
Muslims, it would give good results in India. However it is another case which would be discussed later.
Coming back to the slavery which was firstly in a minimum way in its initial stage and it took later in the biggest level when the lords were turned as the kings in the history. While the period of lords, on the question of areas of resources for the existence of the high level habitations in their areas, the feeding question was raised and lead them to fight against each other. The quarrels were on many questions, of which one was primarily territorial controls. The wars ware intended to gain the control over the resources, for the stocks, for slaves and for women also.
The largest man power in need of the protection of the habitations they felt in different fronts in different way they were resorted to attack against each other, they started building the fortresses, dens, walls, gates for the armies. The slaves again were played key role in extension of the areas. Well built slaves were identified and used as the soldiers depending on the loyalty subjects in many subjects. The slave’s skills and their slavery were separated from each other and give rise to another form of their living in the society on its own way. It was not possible for all slaves to get the skilled work of waging wars as soldiers, but depending on the abilities of their own not only in the warrior’s game but the loyalty was the prerequisite to overcome from the slavery in individual way.
This slavery was continued up to 17 and 18th centuries in British government even after the emergence of capitalist society in 12 and 13th century in British, roman and European empires. Officially slavery was banned in British government in 17 or 18th century. Indian system was unique we must accept, that slavery was never allowed to be taken place up to 6th century. The Manu Smriti which had discrimination against Dalits would never be compared with the slavery and its system in India in many accounts. Before taking the shape of slavery from individual and society to the state level as a need and unavoidable vacuum it has further taken to the other form from slave duty to soldier in a big way, because has been firstly treated as an asset of the
society and then individual’s property and in both ways run in the Greece.
The slaves were of four to five types as it was known through their origin and their existence in Greece. By birth was the first, secondly those who had been enslaved in the wars, third was those who could not pay their debts to their masters and those who themselves offer to work on the terms of payments and feedings. The freeness from the serfdom could be purchased from their masters and the laws of that time were allowed to engage the human trading in the open market with signs on then through tattoo like marks on their skin for visibility.
The laws were in legal form through which the freedom could be purchased and could be sold in the open market. This kind of markets on men like animals was the legalized formula of the Greek society at that time. The legalization of any custom or any act by the kings or the rulers in the majority form as an unavoidable act within the society, for which all members of the society extend their consent on any act which could be automatically sanctioned as a law of the society and then it takes its validation by the state. In ancient times the social laws were the first to introduce in the society which could give the way for majority of the members in the form of grant of will majority people that could take as a social law of that time and then it could lead into the state’s affair which has to ratify as the law of the state. The rulers or the kings in the ancient time in
any state, the people first finds the need of following the act that was committed by any single or few in a specific time frame or in a little frequent the people were to discuss its legality and its merits in the interest of even few and all acceptance as a free will that could take in the form of social law which means the consent of the people was behind in legalizing the act as law. At the same time, if any law was introduced by the few in the ill motives for their own interest the act could never be made to implement by the majority of the people at that time. So all the history of the laws was definitely the sanction of the state only after the society was allowed the act to be existed by many people in any state in the world. That is why I already clarified the difference between the social laws and the state laws in my previous article.
While the progressing and developing of the society through step by step on the developments in the subjects of the productive tools, and on its controlling system of governance in filling up of the needs the people for their subjects of the particular time, the skills were to play according to footing into the way of leading the society with the people in totality.
A particular attention, ability and cleverish attitude of fulfilling nature of the assigned task was the leader for those who were in lead like a leaders and all that what they left for the others of the remained members of the next in rank or in generation, was the subjects and the same subjects were to learn by other rank and the other people who engages in such acts of full filling the needs as demands of that time till the invention of the language.
And the same was after invention of the language all that were recorded as material facts with some additional inclusions of the feeling and their aspirations. At the same time, the learning the language and writing about their feelings and thoughts were made them to have a work in the filed of education. Again one more thing they were to learn in education. And education was emerged as an essential factor for the people at that time. So they learned and had written some subjects on the available material of the time on the rock, on leave, on the wood, and on the metals. Their past acts entirely came into being to know the next generations of that time.
I do not say all the writings were correct and their experiences were correct but I say definitely by inventing and finding the writing system indicated that they felt to communicate about themselves to the next ranks and their generations in the lost desirable form of language, so the act of invention and practicing was and is understood how were they lived at that time and how were their need are very essential to understand the past and present need of assessing the social conditions of the world. We can fight with the person and we cannot fight against the need of position of the person who occupies in the need of the person
. We can avoid the hunger for a while and we cannot avoid the hungry permanently. of Because all the written works after the invention of the language could not be believable facts of the history and the historical works about the past and their descriptive factors about the history could never be believed and it was the fact and nature of the society. If all the facts were correct then it was no need to punish the great philosopher to punish in an open place on the charging some immaterial facts in his life.
The whole history and its nature are quite against the popular assumption that the people in massive way could not do anything in the primary level. The invention or any finding in the history was and is an act of individuals only and after the individual’s acts upon which the people put their mind and think about its validity for adoption to follow it in a big way. And the acts of the massive people with their consent and approval for committing any act that act and its purpose could be successful. It means the act of individual if not countable in the list of inventions and the findings the whole process of invention, understanding it as essential one as common need of the society, adoption to follow in the form of action upon such invention and findings, direct participation of the people in massive way with sense of feeling that as their task that particular act
could only be achieved
. The credit of fulfilling the task was definitely belonged to the people only at the same time the recognization of the invention and finding that basic need upon which the entire people were acted goes to those particular individuals only. The history and its nature are moving on the very same principle. In India there is popular saying that if one sheep fell in the well all the group will fell into the well. The Indian shepherds found this popular saying. So individual act prior to group act is the identical with one another through which the whole process of progress and developments in the history moves and moves further.
Recognization of individual act upon which the massive act if it was followed the findings, followers, and the need could be understood in a chain of facts which are and were linked with each other in leading the society into progress and advancements.
The main and basic factors, in conflicting needs of society at both individual, communities, temples and at state level in the slave society system, the kings of Sumerians were built the structures in big way. The reasons and needs of transformation of the society from slave system to feudal system in Sumerians were noted in the following manner.
The individual masters, lords and communal or temple committees were unable to maintain the slaves in their way of tools or in the way of animals due to the non-cooperation acts of the slaves, and frequent violation of the agreements between the slaves and masters. Heavy punishments on violation of the agreements from the master’s side and the written laws were come into force for maintaining the social balance between the masters and slaves. The competitive need of the soldier like slaves in attending the kings subjects at the kings fortresses. The kings impositions of burden for the kings subjects in the most competitive way to meet the challenges of the other rival Akkadian kingdoms at that time
. The heavy burden on the requirements were on the shoulders was in fulfilling the requirements of their duties they engages in different ways.
First they were at individuals residences. Secondly they were engages in community level temple works and thirdly they were at the state’s subjects. When the heavy burden was imposed by the individual masters in the farming, cultivation, and cattle works, the slave would emerge the most valued individual in his subjects, so that the demand of the skills work of the slaves in other works made them to emerge a demanded commodity in the market.
The frequent changes of the masters and getting the slaves, have emerged to own the women made them to become the freemen with little belongings in the process of the progress of the society. In the individual cases, the weak master and the strong slave relations were interchangeable in the social values. The zeal and inspiration of owning the little needs of the animals, residences, women, and children was made them to emerge the slaves from the slavery to the mastery position slowly in individual basis. At the same time, the community run temple affairs were began to diminish from one to another due to the heave burdens of the penalties over the masters by the states due to make the society to run balance and it had already busy in engaging heavy number of slaves at its treasure that made the slaves to live in a some sort of dignity and honor in the society.
The subjects of the kings were also widened from its mere running the affairs of its limited subjects to vast subjects of maintaining the laws, prisons, judiciary, stocks, policing and intelligence works within and outside of the kingdom. Consequently the slaves were well accommodated in newly emerging subjects of the states at the state level as well as developing the multiple works at the masters were made them some more high level of importance in the society that that of their past in which the limited subjects there. On the other hand in the state’s subjects the massive recruitment was made the slaves who were skilled in the laborious works that made them to turn the new position of armed men in the great need of the king who was under force to build a suitable force against the rivals. Consequently the state was to impost the heavy burden in the form of taxes on
the free men and temple communities. These acts directly had its own influences against each other upon the four subjects which were largely formed apart of the state affairs at that time. The contradictions among all these elements and each others needs and influences, and the demands of the time in which all were living, were the contributing factors in the society to move further from every development and advancements.
In the next article, the issue would be about the sayings of the great philosophers about the role of state and the method of analytical study of the remote past and their visions including the realities in the light of changing in all the factors including productive and non-productive forces with its tags on the name of service and on the name of religions with equal identifications of their importance would be discussed in detailed manner. Moreover the diversified fields as burden on the society as non-productive forces would be discussed in the conclusions. In essence from the period of slave system to present capitalist system covering through the feudal system with its causing effects and needs would be discussed so as to see the real reasons and the pulse of the history besides the concepts of the rich and poor. But both are never believed to be the rigid forces and
the factors in the change of needs and fulfilling the gaps by the real power of those who occupy the centre position in all states.
Ayub Mohammed
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/political_analysts/
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