Why does the i7 processor report 8 cores?

I have an i7-860 processor in my computer.  Linux (and Windows) report 
it to have 8 cores available.  I checked on the specs of the chip and 
the specs say that it has 4 cores and 8 threads.  It seems that the OS 
is counting the treads as cores.  It really doesn't matter much but can 
somebody out there explain the discrepancy?

Bill Stanley

Re: Why does the i7 processor report 8 cores?

On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 4:35 AM, Bill Stanley <bstanle <at> wowway.com> wrote:
> I have an i7-860 processor in my computer.  Linux (and Windows) report it to
> have 8 cores available.  I checked on the specs of the chip and the specs
> say that it has 4 cores and 8 threads.  It seems that the OS is counting the
> treads as cores.  It really doesn't matter much but can somebody out there
> explain the discrepancy?

You are misunderstanding what "threads" means. The CPU supports
hyperthreading; each CPU core appears as 2 to the OS.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthreading

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Re: Why does the i7 processor report 8 cores?

On Tue, 2011-02-01 at 04:46 +0000, Liam Proven wrote: 
> On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 4:35 AM, Bill Stanley <bstanle <at> wowway.com> wrote:
> > I have an i7-860 processor in my computer.  Linux (and Windows) report it to
> > have 8 cores available.  I checked on the specs of the chip and the specs
> > say that it has 4 cores and 8 threads.  It seems that the OS is counting the
> > treads as cores.  It really doesn't matter much but can somebody out there
> > explain the discrepancy?
> 
> You are misunderstanding what "threads" means. The CPU supports
> hyperthreading; each CPU core appears as 2 to the OS.

I think the thing is broken, so just send it to me and I'll live with it
thinking I have 8 cores. I wish my Athlon thought it had 8 cores.
<grins> Ric

--

-- 
My father, Victor Moore (Vic) used to say:
"There are two Great Sins in the world...
..the Sin of Ignorance, and the Sin of Stupidity.
Only the former may be overcome." R.I.P. Dad.
Linux user# 44256 

Re: application which can pop up like gtalk when some one accesses my server

On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 2:13 AM, Aart Koelewijn <aart <at> mtack.xs4all.nl> wrote:
> On Mon, 31 Jan 2011 22:28:53 +0530, Tapas Mishra wrote:
>
>> I have a Ubuntu server with Public IP on which I have a few websites and
>> SSH accounts.I want to know if there is any application/daemon which I
>> can install so that when ever some one does an SSH connection to my
>> server I get a pop up on my laptop similar to  gtalk's popup message
>> which just gives me some one pop up with a message that user so and so
>> loged in to server.Or some other application which can also tell me when
>> ever http requests are made to my server so that I can be aware or if
>> some one tries a DOS (in this case requests might be difficult to
>> detect) but I get a pop up which says that so and so services is trying
>> to access your server from outside.Other than checking log files is
>> there any way for these things which I asked?
>
> You can run multitail on one or more logfiles and multitail has the
> possibility to start a program when an expression pops-up in a logfile. I
> f.i. start xmessage with an IP number in it when that IP shows in the
> logfiles from apache. This seems to be rather close to what you want to
> do. You could off course also run a tail -f on a logfile and pipe the
> result to a sed expression which in turn can trigger a program.
>
> Aart
>
>
> --
> ubuntu-users mailing list
Hmmm,Ok.
Thanks for your message.

E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

<div><p>Hi<br><br>Please suggest/guide me about the below issue on Ubuntu 10.10 <br><br>sudo apt-get -f install<br>Reading package lists... Done<br>Building dependency tree<br>Reading state information... Done<br>Correcting dependencies... Done<br>

The following extra packages will be installed:<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; asterisk<br>Suggested packages:<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; asterisk-doc asterisk-dev asterisk-h323<br>The following packages will be upgraded:<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; asterisk<br>1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 22 not upgraded.<br>

2 not fully installed or removed.<br>Need to get 3,560kB of archives.<br>After this operation, 102kB disk space will be freed.<br>Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y<br>Get:1 <a href="http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/">http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/</a> maverick-updates/universe <br>

asterisk i386 1:1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1.1 [3,560kB]<br>Fetched 3,560kB in 1s (2,698kB/s)<br>Reading changelogs... Done<br>(Reading database ... 427321 files and directories currently installed.)<br>Preparing to replace asterisk 1:1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1 (using <br>

.../asterisk_1%3a1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ...<br>Stopping Asterisk PBX: asteriskstart-stop-daemon: unrecognized option <br>'--retry=0/2/TERM/2/KILL/5'<br>Try `start-stop-daemon --help' for more information.<br>

invoke-rc.d: initscript asterisk, action "stop" failed.<br>dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit <br>status 2<br>dpkg - trying script from the new package instead ...<br>Stopping Asterisk PBX: asteriskstart-stop-daemon: unrecognized option <br>

'--retry=0/2/TERM/2/KILL/5'<br>Try `start-stop-daemon --help' for more information.<br>invoke-rc.d: initscript asterisk, action "stop" failed.<br>dpkg: error processing <br>/var/cache/apt/archives/asterisk_1%3a1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb (--unpack):<br>

&nbsp; subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 2<br>Starting Asterisk PBX: start-stop-daemon: unrecognized option '--group'<br>Try `start-stop-daemon --help' for more information.<br>invoke-rc.d: initscript asterisk, action "start" failed.<br>

dpkg: error while cleaning up:<br>&nbsp; subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2<br>Errors were encountered while processing:<br>&nbsp; /var/cache/apt/archives/asterisk_1%3a1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb<br>

E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)<br><br>Thanks<br><br>Kaushal<br></p></div>

Re: E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

<div>
<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 11:17 AM, Kaushal Shriyan <span dir="ltr">&lt;<a href="mailto:kaushalshriyan <at> gmail.com">kaushalshriyan <at> gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote">

Hi<br><br>Please suggest/guide me about the below issue on Ubuntu 10.10 <br><br>sudo apt-get -f install<br>Reading package lists... Done<br>Building dependency tree<br>Reading state information... Done<br>Correcting dependencies... Done<br>

The following extra packages will be installed:<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; asterisk<br>Suggested packages:<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; asterisk-doc asterisk-dev asterisk-h323<br>The following packages will be upgraded:<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; asterisk<br>1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 22 not upgraded.<br>

2 not fully installed or removed.<br>Need to get 3,560kB of archives.<br>After this operation, 102kB disk space will be freed.<br>Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y<br>Get:1 <a href="http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/" target="_blank">http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/</a> maverick-updates/universe <br>

asterisk i386 1:1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1.1 [3,560kB]<br>Fetched 3,560kB in 1s (2,698kB/s)<br>Reading changelogs... Done<br>(Reading database ... 427321 files and directories currently installed.)<br>Preparing to replace asterisk 1:1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1 (using <br>

.../asterisk_1%3a1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ...<br>Stopping Asterisk PBX: asteriskstart-stop-daemon: unrecognized option <br>'--retry=0/2/TERM/2/KILL/5'<br>Try `start-stop-daemon --help' for more information.<br>

invoke-rc.d: initscript asterisk, action "stop" failed.<br>dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit <br>status 2<br>dpkg - trying script from the new package instead ...<br>Stopping Asterisk PBX: asteriskstart-stop-daemon: unrecognized option <br>

'--retry=0/2/TERM/2/KILL/5'<br>Try `start-stop-daemon --help' for more information.<br>invoke-rc.d: initscript asterisk, action "stop" failed.<br>dpkg: error processing <br>/var/cache/apt/archives/asterisk_1%3a1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb (--unpack):<br>

&nbsp; subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 2<br>Starting Asterisk PBX: start-stop-daemon: unrecognized option '--group'<br>Try `start-stop-daemon --help' for more information.<br>invoke-rc.d: initscript asterisk, action "start" failed.<br>

dpkg: error while cleaning up:<br>&nbsp; subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2<br>Errors were encountered while processing:<br>&nbsp; /var/cache/apt/archives/asterisk_1%3a1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb<br>

E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)<br><br>Thanks<br><br>Kaushal<br>
</blockquote>
<div>
<br>Hi Again,<br><br>sudo apt-get install asterisk<br>Reading package lists... Done<br>

Building dependency tree<br>Reading state information... Done<br>Suggested packages:<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; asterisk-doc asterisk-dev asterisk-h323<br>The following packages will be upgraded:<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; asterisk<br>1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 22 not upgraded.<br>

2 not fully installed or removed.<br>Need to get 0B/3,560kB of archives.<br>After this operation, 102kB disk space will be freed.<br>Reading changelogs... Done<br>(Reading database ... 427321 files and directories currently installed.)<br>

Preparing to replace asterisk 1:1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1 (using <br>.../asterisk_1%3a1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ...<br>Stopping Asterisk PBX: asteriskstart-stop-daemon: unrecognized option <br>'--retry=0/2/TERM/2/KILL/5'<br>

Try `start-stop-daemon --help' for more information.<br>invoke-rc.d: initscript asterisk, action "stop" failed.<br>dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit <br>status 2<br>dpkg - trying script from the new package instead ...<br>

Stopping Asterisk PBX: asteriskstart-stop-daemon: unrecognized option <br>'--retry=0/2/TERM/2/KILL/5'<br>Try `start-stop-daemon --help' for more information.<br>invoke-rc.d: initscript asterisk, action "stop" failed.<br>

dpkg: error processing <br>/var/cache/apt/archives/asterisk_1%3a1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb (--unpack):<br>&nbsp; subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 2<br>Starting Asterisk PBX: start-stop-daemon: unrecognized option '--group'<br>

Try `start-stop-daemon --help' for more information.<br>invoke-rc.d: initscript asterisk, action "start" failed.<br>dpkg: error while cleaning up:<br>&nbsp; subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2<br>

Errors were encountered while processing:<br>&nbsp; /var/cache/apt/archives/asterisk_1%3a1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb<br>E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)<br>&nbsp;</div>
</div>Please suggest further<br><br>Thanks<br><br>Kaushal<br><br>
</div>

Re: Wifi speed issue

<div>
<p>Thanks.&nbsp;</p>
<div>I don''t think it is something related to my router cause my PC (windows) works very well with no problems. Anyway I've already checked out new firmware but no luck.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Alfredo</div>
<div>
<br><div class="gmail_quote">On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 06:25, Jacob Mansfield <span dir="ltr">&lt;<a href="mailto:cyberjacob <at> gmail.com">cyberjacob <at> gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote">
not likely a signal problem then, I'm running at -73db fine. check for<br>
firmware updates for your router<br>Jacob Mansfield<br>
Programmer<br><div>
<div></div>
<div class="h5">
<br><br><br><br>
On 31 January 2011 12:36, Alfredo De Luca &lt;<a href="mailto:alfredo.deluca <at> gmail.com">alfredo.deluca <at> gmail.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt; it goes between 33 and 45 dBm<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; On Mon, Jan 31, 2011 at 23:08, Jacob Mansfield &lt;<a href="mailto:cyberjacob <at> gmail.com">cyberjacob <at> gmail.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; On 31 January 2011 06:35, Alfredo De Luca &lt;<a href="mailto:alfredo.deluca <at> gmail.com">alfredo.deluca <at> gmail.com</a>&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; Hi all.<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; I have Ubuntu 10.10 and wireless<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; 02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; 3945ABG<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; [Golan] Network Connection [8086:4222] (rev 02)<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Compaq 6710b or nx9420 Notebook<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; [103c:135c]<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; I thoughts was my provider fault on dropping packets or decrease my<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; internett connections but I found out that my XP computer work great and<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; my<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; PC on the Ethernet work fine as well. Both keep &nbsp;connections high but<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; when I<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; unplug the wired connection and I activate the wifi for a while looks ok<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; then it drops to a point where is very frustrating work on it.<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; Any bugs/workaround/solutions for this?<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; Cheers<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; Alfredo<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; what's the wifi signal level looking like? dbm please<br>
&gt;&gt; Jacob Mansfield<br>
&gt;&gt; Programmer<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; --<br>
&gt;&gt; ubuntu-users mailing list<br>
&gt;&gt; <a href="mailto:ubuntu-users <at> lists.ubuntu.com">ubuntu-users <at> lists.ubuntu.com</a><br>
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&gt;&gt; <a href="https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-users" target="_blank">https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-users</a><br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; --<br>
&gt; Alfredo<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; --<br>
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&gt;<br>
&gt;<br><br>
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</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Alfredo<br><br>
</div>
</div>

Re: Why does the i7 processor report 8 cores?

On 01/02/11 04:35, Bill Stanley wrote:
> I have an i7-860 processor in my computer. Linux (and Windows) report it to have 8 cores available. I
checked on the specs of the chip and the specs say that it has 4 cores and 8 threads. It seems that the OS is
counting the treads as cores. It really doesn't matter much but can somebody out there explain the discrepancy?
>
> Bill Stanley
>

run
lscpu
to see exactly what linux sees.

Re: Why does the i7 processor report 8 cores?

Hi, Sam!

On 01/02/2011 10:19, sam tygier wrote:
> On 01/02/11 04:35, Bill Stanley wrote:
>> I have an i7-860 processor in my computer. Linux (and Windows) report
>> it to have 8 cores available. I checked on the specs of the chip and
>> the specs say that it has 4 cores and 8 threads. It seems that the OS
>> is counting the treads as cores. It really doesn't matter much but
>> can somebody out there explain the discrepancy?
>>
>> Bill Stanley
>>
>
> run
> lscpu
> to see exactly what linux sees.
>

Bill, it's very simple. Your i7 is a quad-core processor, but each core
is capable of running 2 independent threads. Thus, the system reports
that it is capable of running 8 separate contexts... which is
interpreted by Linux (and Windows, and just about any OS) as 8 cores.

The difference is in fact not that big between 4 cores with 2 threads
per core, and 8 cores. But you do, every now and then, get into
ressource race conditions where it is percieveable. :)

On Sun's UltraSPARC processors, we have 8 cores and 8 threads per core
on the high end. Machines with 4 processors report 256 cores. :) When in
fact it's 256 threads and only 32 cores. But it's fun to see the 256
pinguins drawn at boot time when you run Linux on them...

Cheers,
Gilles

Re: Error Detected report from vi(vim)

On Mon, Jan 31, 2011 at 05:52:42PM -0600, Jay Ridgley wrote:
> Folks,
> 
> One of the systems that I recently upgraded to 10.04.1LTS has begun
> to report the following at start up:
> 
> Error detected while processing /usr/share/vim/vim72/debian.vim:
> line   42:
> E518: Unknown option: following:
> Press ENTER or type command to continue.
> 
> Pressing enter seems to allow it to continue without problems. At
> least I have not seen any in my files.
> 
> The version of VIM is:  version 7.2.330
> 
> What could be causing this?

Filesystem corruption?  Try debsums vim-common to check if the file
/usr/share/vim/vim72/debian.vim has the correct checksum.

On my 10.04 LTS server line 42 of debian.vim reads

  exe "set printoptions+=paper:" . s:papersize

so it could be an incorrect /etc/papersize setting as well.  What's the
content of that file?  Valid choices are "a4" or "letter".

Marius Gedminas
-- 
I'm a sorceress, not a miracle worker.
	-- The Spellsong War by L. E. Modesitt, Jr.

On Mon, Jan 31, 2011 at 05:52:42PM -0600, Jay Ridgley wrote:
> Folks,
> 
> One of the systems that I recently upgraded to 10.04.1LTS has begun
> to report the following at start up:
> 
> Error detected while processing /usr/share/vim/vim72/debian.vim:
> line   42:
> E518: Unknown option: following:
> Press ENTER or type command to continue.
> 
> Pressing enter seems to allow it to continue without problems. At
> least I have not seen any in my files.
> 
> The version of VIM is:  version 7.2.330
> 
> What could be causing this?

Filesystem corruption?  Try debsums vim-common to check if the file
/usr/share/vim/vim72/debian.vim has the correct checksum.

On my 10.04 LTS server line 42 of debian.vim reads

  exe "set printoptions+=paper:" . s:papersize

so it could be an incorrect /etc/papersize setting as well.  What's the
content of that file?  Valid choices are "a4" or "letter".

Marius Gedminas
--

-- 
I'm a sorceress, not a miracle worker.
	-- The Spellsong War by L. E. Modesitt, Jr.