Frédéric Boiteux | 1 Sep 2011 13:53

How to setup Xorg keyboard layout ?

	Hello,

  I'm trying to use the GRML iso image (with grml-rescueboot package)
on computers with a special keyboard layout, a french-targeted
dvorak-like layout called « bépo ».

  I found how to setup the console layout, giving
« keyboard=dvorak-fr-bepo » in CUSTOM_BOOTOPTIONS variable
of /etc/default/grml-rescueboot, but didn't found how to setup the Xorg
layout : it's a flavor/variant of « fr » Xorg layout (though it very
different from classical french Azerty) ; I can setup in a shell with :

setxkbmap fr bepo

and following grml's FAQ, I tried « xkeyboard=bepo »,
« xkeyboard=fr(bepo) » without luck.

  Could you tell me what syntax can we use in xkeyboard definition, or
how to setup my Bépo keyboard layout (if possible) ?

   Thanks,
	Fred.

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Darshaka Pathirana | 1 Sep 2011 21:21

Re: grml usb sticks

On 24.08.2011 22:22, Albert Dengg wrote:
>
> a while ago i bought one of the nice 32/64bit dual usb keys and since it
> is now a bit outdated (the version is from the beginning of 2010 or so)
> i would like to update it, but i haven't found a procedure in the wiki
> or anywhere else...and i would like to avoid having to do to much
> reading of docs and/or doing it by trial and error the hard way.
> 
> can anybody point me in the right direction?

Same question I wanted to ask since 2010.12 came out (as I also have
one of these shiny grml.org usb-keys with 2010.04~rc-something on it).

After searching the grml-wiki (after your trigger - thx!) I found
this:

[1] http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=usb&s=usb
[2] http://grml.org/grml2usb/

So it seems that downloading both ISOs (32bit/64bit) and

% grml2usb ${GRML64BIT_ISO} ${GRML32BIT_ISO} ${USBDEVICE_PARTITION}

should do the trick. The usb-stick should be partitioned and formatted
mit fat16 (or you can use the "--fat16" option).

According to [3] everything else[tm] (e.g. memtest, freedos) should be
on the stick automatically.

[3] http://grml.org/grml2usb/#directory-layout
(Continue reading)

Darshaka Pathirana | 2 Sep 2011 03:22

Re: How to setup Xorg keyboard layout ?

Hi!

On 01.09.2011 13:53, Frédéric Boiteux wrote:
> 
>    I'm trying to use the GRML iso image (with grml-rescueboot package)
> on computers with a special keyboard layout, a french-targeted
> dvorak-like layout called « bépo ».
> 
>    I found how to setup the console layout, giving
> « keyboard=dvorak-fr-bepo » in CUSTOM_BOOTOPTIONS variable
> of /etc/default/grml-rescueboot, but didn't found how to setup the Xorg
> layout : it's a flavor/variant of « fr » Xorg layout (though it very
> different from classical french Azerty) ; I can setup in a shell with :
> 
> setxkbmap fr bepo
> 
> and following grml's FAQ, I tried « xkeyboard=bepo »,
> « xkeyboard=fr(bepo) » without luck.
> 
> 
>    Could you tell me what syntax can we use in xkeyboard definition, or
> how to setup my Bépo keyboard layout (if possible) ?

Hmm. Variants of keyboard layouts (currently) does not seem to be
implemented:

[1] http://qr.cx/J1ri

One need to add a new bootoption (e.g. xkeyvariant) and introduce a new
variable (e.g. XKEYVARIANT) in '/etc/grml/autoconfig.functions' to
(Continue reading)

Frédéric Boiteux | 2 Sep 2011 07:54

Re: How to setup Xorg keyboard layout ?

Le Fri, 02 Sep 2011 03:22:52 +0200,
Darshaka Pathirana <dpat <at> syn-net.org> a écrit :

> Hi!
> 
> On 01.09.2011 13:53, Frédéric Boiteux wrote:
> …
> >    Could you tell me what syntax can we use in xkeyboard
> > definition, or how to setup my Bépo keyboard layout (if possible) ?
> 
> Hmm. Variants of keyboard layouts (currently) does not seem to be
> implemented:
> 
> [1] http://qr.cx/J1ri
> 
> One need to add a new bootoption (e.g. xkeyvariant) and introduce a
> new variable (e.g. XKEYVARIANT) in '/etc/grml/autoconfig.functions' to
> write this into '/etc/sysconfig/keyboard'.
> 
> After that this variable needs to be parsed by 'grml_keyboard' in
> '$HOME/.xinitrc.d' resp. '/etc/skel/.xinitrc.d'.
> 
> With these changes it should be possible to set "xkeyboard=fr
> xkeyvariant=bepo".
> 
> I've attached two (untested) patches (against the files in grml
> 2011.05) to get an idea. Maybe it can be helpful or even useful.. ;)

	Thanks for your quick reply !

(Continue reading)

Bojan Sukalo | 5 Sep 2011 10:28
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Favicon

Problem with grml autoconfig

Hello everyone!

Maybe this is not the right way to ask general user question (wrong mail list or something) so I'm sorry if made any problems.

I have an urgent situation to make ad-hoc openvpn server from usb stick. Using grml for some time as a live cd and recovery tool I think this can be done with grml.

So I have openvpn folder with all the necesary stuff, I formatted usb stick in following way:
1. 3GB FAT32 wiht grml on it (grml2usb --bootoptions="nodhcp")        /dev/sdb1
2 1GB ext3 with GRMLCFG label with scripts dir and inside it grml.sh script  /dev/sdb5

grml.sh script is chmod 755, so executable and readable by everyone.

basicaly the content of script is:

#!/bin/bash
ip link set dev eth0 up
ip addr add dev eth0 192.168.1.253/24
ip route add default via 192.168.1.254
#now I wont to copy the folder to rw fs in order to write status files and logs so
cp -r /mnt/grmlcfg/openvpn /root/ 
cd /root/openvpn
openvpn --config /root/openvpn/server.conf &
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
#and to start ssh server to access the box
/etc/init.d/ssh start


The debug output says that GRMLCFG is detected and mounted to /mnt/grmlcfg as ro

When booting finished, nothing has happened, as the script had not been run.

Can anybody shed some light on this please?

Thank You.
<div><div>
<div>Hello everyone!</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Maybe this is not the right way to ask general user question (wrong mail list or something) so I'm sorry if made any problems.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>I have an urgent situation to make ad-hoc openvpn server from usb stick. Using grml for some time as a live cd and recovery tool I think this can be done with grml.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>So I have openvpn folder with all the necesary stuff, I formatted usb stick in following way:</div>
<div>1. 3GB FAT32 wiht grml on it (grml2usb --bootoptions="nodhcp") &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;/dev/sdb1</div>
<div>2 1GB ext3 with GRMLCFG label with scripts dir and inside it grml.sh script &nbsp;/dev/sdb5</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>grml.sh script is chmod 755, so executable and readable by everyone.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>basicaly the content of script is:</div>
<div>
<div><br></div>
<div>#!/bin/bash</div>
<div>ip link set dev eth0 up</div>
<div>ip addr add dev eth0 192.168.1.253/24</div>
<div>ip route add default via 192.168.1.254</div>
<div>#now I wont to copy the folder to rw fs in order to write status files and logs so</div>
<div>cp -r /mnt/grmlcfg/openvpn /root/&nbsp;</div>
<div>cd /root/openvpn</div>
<div>openvpn --config /root/openvpn/server.conf &amp;</div>
<div>echo 1 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward</div>
<div>#and to start ssh server to access the box</div>
<div>/etc/init.d/ssh start</div>
</div>
<div><br></div>
<div><br></div>
<div>The debug output says that GRMLCFG is detected and mounted to /mnt/grmlcfg as ro</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>When booting finished, nothing has happened, as the script had not been run.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Can anybody shed some light on this please?</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Thank You.</div>
</div></div>
Lupe Christoph | 5 Sep 2011 11:26
Picon
Gravatar

Re: Problem with grml autoconfig

On Monday, 2011-09-05 at 01:28:29 -0700, Bojan Sukalo wrote:

> So I have openvpn folder with all the necesary stuff, I formatted usb stick in following way:
> 1. 3GB FAT32 wiht grml on it (grml2usb --bootoptions="nodhcp")        /dev/sdb1
> 2 1GB ext3 with GRMLCFG label with scripts dir and inside it grml.sh script  /dev/sdb5
--------------------------------^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The grml.sh must be in the root of the filesystem, AFAIK. At least
that's what works for me(TM). I use about the same setup (except that I
use a physical partition for GRMLCFG).

HTH,
Lupe Christoph
--

-- 
| It is a well-known fact in any organisation that, if you want a job    |
| done, you should give it to someone who is already very busy.          |
| Terry Pratchett, "Unseen Academicals"                                  |
Bojan Sukalo | 5 Sep 2011 15:50
Picon
Favicon

Re: Problem with grml autoconfig

Thank You.

That helped a lot.

I know we supposed to finish this thread and start another but I need hint a bout ssh server.

Starting an sshd from script does the job but I have problem because root password is empty so I not access the server.

Is there a workaroud. bootoption ssh:mysecret does not seem to start the sshd or to change password for grml user.

Even if it does, will I abe able to change from grml to root without knowing the root pass.

What would be the solution here?

From: Lupe Christoph <lupe <at> lupe-christoph.de>
To: Bojan Sukalo <shukalo83 <at> yahoo.com>
Cc: "grml <at> mur.at" <grml <at> mur.at>
Sent: Monday, September 5, 2011 11:26 AM
Subject: Re: [Grml] Problem with grml autoconfig

On Monday, 2011-09-05 at 01:28:29 -0700, Bojan Sukalo wrote:

> So I have openvpn folder with all the necesary stuff, I formatted usb stick in following way:
> 1. 3GB FAT32 wiht grml on it (grml2usb --bootoptions="nodhcp")        /dev/sdb1
> 2 1GB ext3 with GRMLCFG label with scripts dir and inside it grml.sh script  /dev/sdb5
--------------------------------^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The grml.sh must be in the root of the filesystem, AFAIK. At least
that's what works for me(TM). I use about the same setup (except that I
use a physical partition for GRMLCFG).

HTH,
Lupe Christoph
--
| It is a well-known fact in any organisation that, if you want a job    |
| done, you should give it to someone who is already very busy.          |
| Terry Pratchett, "Unseen Academicals"                                  |


<div><div>
<div>Thank You.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>That helped a lot.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>I know we supposed to finish this thread and start another but I need hint a bout ssh server.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Starting an sshd from script does the job but I have problem because root password is empty so I not access the server.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Is there a workaroud. bootoption ssh:mysecret does not seem to start the sshd or to change password for grml user.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Even if it does, will I abe able to change from grml to root without knowing the root pass.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>What would be the solution here?</div>
<div><br></div>
<div><div>
<span>From:</span> Lupe Christoph &lt;lupe <at> lupe-christoph.de&gt;<br><span>To:</span> Bojan Sukalo &lt;shukalo83 <at> yahoo.com&gt;<br><span>Cc:</span> "grml <at> mur.at" &lt;grml <at> mur.at&gt;<br><span>Sent:</span> Monday, September 5, 2011 11:26 AM<br><span>Subject:</span> Re: [Grml] Problem with grml autoconfig<br><br>On Monday, 2011-09-05 at 01:28:29 -0700, Bojan Sukalo wrote:<br><br>&gt; So I have openvpn folder with all the necesary stuff, I formatted usb stick in following way:<br>&gt; 1. 3GB FAT32 wiht grml on it (grml2usb --bootoptions="nodhcp") &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;/dev/sdb1<br>&gt; 2 1GB ext3 with GRMLCFG label with scripts dir and inside it grml.sh script
 &nbsp;/dev/sdb5<br>--------------------------------^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^<br><br>The grml.sh must be in the root of the filesystem, AFAIK. At least<br>that's what works for me(TM). I use about the same setup (except that I<br>use a physical partition for GRMLCFG).<br><br>HTH,<br>Lupe Christoph<br>-- <br>| It is a well-known fact in any organisation that, if you want a job&nbsp; &nbsp; |<br>| done, you should give it to someone who is already very busy.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; |<br>| Terry Pratchett, "Unseen Academicals"&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; |<br><br><br>
</div></div>
</div></div>
Lupe Christoph | 5 Sep 2011 16:17
Picon
Gravatar

Re: Problem with grml autoconfig

On Monday, 2011-09-05 at 06:50:05 -0700, Bojan Sukalo wrote:
> Thank You.
> That helped a lot.

You're welcome.

> I know we supposed to finish this thread and start another but I need hint a bout ssh server.

> Starting an sshd from script does the job but I have problem because root password is empty so I not access
the server.

I would propose that you use a key to access root on this server rather
than a password. While you could overwrite /etc/passwd from grml.sh or
config.tbz, I would not recommend to do that.

Here is what I do:

1) Create /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
2) Save these files and directories to /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.tbz:
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
/root/.ssh
3) Log in with the key

> Is there a workaroud. bootoption ssh:mysecret does not seem to start the sshd or to change password for
grml user.

That should be ssh=password not ssh:password.

> Even if it does, will I abe able to change from grml to root without knowing the root pass.

May I suggest "sudo su -"? The grml user has full sudoers rights,
without a password. But with the default /etc/shadow, "su -" does not
request a password.

If you want to use /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.tbz, here is what I use to manage
it. I write the file and directory names to /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.list and
run this little script (/mnt/GRMLCFG/save-config) to refresh
/mnt/GRMLCFG/config.tbz:

#!/bin/sh

tar cvfjpP /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.tbz -T /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.list

HTH,
Lupe Christoph
--

-- 
| It is a well-known fact in any organisation that, if you want a job    |
| done, you should give it to someone who is already very busy.          |
| Terry Pratchett, "Unseen Academicals"                                  |
Ulrich Dangel | 5 Sep 2011 18:35
Favicon

Re: Problem with grml autoconfig

* Bojan Sukalo wrote [05.09.11 15:50]:

> Is there a workaroud. bootoption ssh:mysecret does not seem to start
> the sshd or to change password for grml user.

The bootoption is ssh=mysecret (not : but =)

> Even if it does, will I abe able to change from grml to root without
> knowing the root pass.

Yes.

Ulrich
--

-- 
twitter:  <at> mr_ud  | identica:  <at> mru
IRCNet:  mru     | freenode: mrud
Bojan Sukalo | 6 Sep 2011 08:37
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Favicon

Re: Problem with grml autoconfig

Thank You once more.

Thing with keys works like a charm.

I tar all the dirs you mentioned to config.tbz on GRMLCFG labeled fs (preserving absolute path) and it gets restored on boot.
 
As for ssh:mysecret that was typo and ssh=mysecret doesn't do any good. Maybe it's a bug or I make mistake somewhere else along the way.

Also, to avoid these kind of problems it seems to me that configuration is somewhat misleading.

I'll quote from grml-autoconfig web page:

Without any additional boot parameters, the GCA at DCSDIR/config.tbz is automatically unpacked and DCSDIR/scrips/grml.sh is automatically executed on system startup

DCSDIR/scrips/grml.sh shoud be, according to my experience DCSDIR/grml.sh




From: Lupe Christoph <lupe <at> lupe-christoph.de>
To: Bojan Sukalo <shukalo83 <at> yahoo.com>
Cc: "grml <at> mur.at" <grml <at> mur.at>
Sent: Monday, September 5, 2011 4:17 PM
Subject: Re: [Grml] Problem with grml autoconfig

On Monday, 2011-09-05 at 06:50:05 -0700, Bojan Sukalo wrote:
> Thank You.
> That helped a lot.

You're welcome.

> I know we supposed to finish this thread and start another but I need hint a bout ssh server.

> Starting an sshd from script does the job but I have problem because root password is empty so I not access the server.

I would propose that you use a key to access root on this server rather
than a password. While you could overwrite /etc/passwd from grml.sh or
config.tbz, I would not recommend to do that.

Here is what I do:

1) Create /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
2) Save these files and directories to /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.tbz:
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
/root/.ssh
3) Log in with the key

> Is there a workaroud. bootoption ssh:mysecret does not seem to start the sshd or to change password for grml user.

That should be ssh=password not ssh:password.

> Even if it does, will I abe able to change from grml to root without knowing the root pass.

May I suggest "sudo su -"? The grml user has full sudoers rights,
without a password. But with the default /etc/shadow, "su -" does not
request a password.

If you want to use /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.tbz, here is what I use to manage
it. I write the file and directory names to /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.list and
run this little script (/mnt/GRMLCFG/save-config) to refresh
/mnt/GRMLCFG/config.tbz:

#!/bin/sh

tar cvfjpP /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.tbz -T /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.list

HTH,
Lupe Christoph
--
| It is a well-known fact in any organisation that, if you want a job    |
| done, you should give it to someone who is already very busy.          |
| Terry Pratchett, "Unseen Academicals"                                  |


<div><div>
<div><span>Thank You once more.</span></div>
<div><span><br></span></div>
<div><span>Thing with keys works like a charm.</span></div>
<div><span><br></span></div>
<div><span>I tar all the dirs you mentioned to config.tbz on GRMLCFG labeled fs (preserving absolute path) and it gets restored on boot.</span></div>
<div>&nbsp;<br>
</div>
<div>As for ssh:mysecret that was typo and
 ssh=mysecret doesn't do any good. Maybe it's a bug or I make mistake somewhere else along the way.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Also, to avoid these kind of problems it seems to me that configuration is somewhat misleading.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>I'll quote from grml-autoconfig web page:</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-style-span">Without any additional boot parameters, the GCA at DCSDIR/config.tbz is automatically unpacked and DCSDIR/scrips/grml.sh is automatically
 executed on system startup</span><br>
</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>DCSDIR/scrips/grml.sh shoud be, according to my experience DCSDIR/grml.sh</div>
<div><br></div>
<div><br></div>
<div><br></div>
<div><br></div>
<div><div>
<span>From:</span> Lupe Christoph
 &lt;lupe <at> lupe-christoph.de&gt;<br><span>To:</span> Bojan Sukalo &lt;shukalo83 <at> yahoo.com&gt;<br><span>Cc:</span> "grml <at> mur.at" &lt;grml <at> mur.at&gt;<br><span>Sent:</span> Monday, September 5, 2011 4:17 PM<br><span>Subject:</span> Re: [Grml] Problem with grml autoconfig<br><br>On Monday, 2011-09-05 at 06:50:05 -0700, Bojan Sukalo wrote:<br>&gt; Thank You.<br>&gt; That helped a lot.<br><br>You're welcome.<br><br>&gt; I know we supposed to finish this thread and start another but I need hint a bout ssh server.<br><br>&gt; Starting an sshd from script does the job but I have problem because root password is empty so I not access the server.<br><br>I would propose that you use a key to access root on this server rather<br>than a password. While you could overwrite /etc/passwd from grml.sh or<br>config.tbz, I would not
 recommend to do that.<br><br>Here is what I do:<br><br>1) Create /root/.ssh/authorized_keys<br>2) Save these files and directories to /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.tbz:<br>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key<br>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub<br>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key<br>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub<br>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_key<br>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub<br>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key<br>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub<br>/root/.ssh<br>3) Log in with the key<br><br>&gt; Is there a workaroud. bootoption ssh:mysecret does not seem to start the sshd or to change password for grml user.<br><br>That should be ssh=password not ssh:password.<br><br>&gt; Even if it does, will I abe able to change from grml to root without knowing the root pass.<br><br>May I suggest "sudo su -"? The grml user has full sudoers rights,<br>without a password. But with the default /etc/shadow, "su -" does not<br>request a password.<br><br>If you want to use /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.tbz, here is what I use
 to manage<br>it. I write the file and directory names to /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.list and<br>run this little script (/mnt/GRMLCFG/save-config) to refresh<br>/mnt/GRMLCFG/config.tbz:<br><br>#!/bin/sh<br><br>tar cvfjpP /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.tbz -T /mnt/GRMLCFG/config.list<br><br>HTH,<br>Lupe Christoph<br>-- <br>| It is a well-known fact in any organisation that, if you want a job&nbsp; &nbsp; |<br>| done, you should give it to someone who is already very busy.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; |<br>| Terry Pratchett, "Unseen Academicals"&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; |<br><br><br>
</div></div>
</div></div>

Gmane