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Jon Presco | 7 Mar 2007 21:59

Genealogy of Royal Rosamond

Genealogy of Royal Rosamond

http://rougeknights.blogspot.com

`Like a rose among thorns, so is my darling among the maidens' (Song
of Songs 2:2).

Then round about that place there grew a hedge of thorns thicker
every year, until at last the whole castle was hidden from view, and
nothing of it could be seen but the vane on the roof. And a rumor
went abroad in all that country of the beautiful sleeping Rosamond,
for so was the Princess called; and from time to time many Kings'
sons came and tried to force their way through the hedge; but it was
impossible for them to do so, for the thorns held fast together like
strong hands, and the young men were caught by them, and not being
able to get free, there died a lamentable death.

Many a long year afterwards there came a King's son into that
country, and heard an old man tell how there should be a castle
standing behind the hedge of thorns, and that there a beautiful
enchanted Princess named Rosamond had slept for a hundred years, and
with her the King and Queen, and the whole court. The old man had
been told by his grandfather that many Kings' sons had sought to pass
the thorn-hedge, but had been caught and pierced by the thorns, and
had died a miserable death. Then said the young man, "Nevertheless, I
do not fear to try; I shall win through and see the lovely Rosamond."
The good old man tried to dissuade him, but he would not listen to
his words.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty

In May of 1999, a group of the Rosamond Cousins researching the
history of the family met in Kosciusko, Attala County, Mississippi.
Those attending this gathering and their direct Rosamond descent are
shown on the List of Attendees. The reunion had as it's purpose, a
clean up of the Rosamond-Sweeney Cemetery located on the site of one
of the Rosamond Plantations in the mid-1800s. This property is now
owned by the Buford family. As I understand it, the old cemetery was
rediscovered by one of the Bufords who was exploring the wooded
portions of their property

The next day the cousins visited the Rosamond-Sweeney Cemetery. A
large stone (pictured at the left), was that of James Rosamond. This
stone was sitting alone toward what I will define as the back of the
small cemetery. Most of the other stones formed two rows across the
front of the cemetery. None of these stones bore the Rosamond name,
but all the names were known to be related to the Rosamonds in some
manner. The cousins used metal prods to try and find additional
stones that might have been buried during the intervening years, but
only a few foot stones were found. These were all located by Michelle
Smith, the only teenager accompanying the group through all it's
activities. Many of the stones were put back in place, and propped up
as well as they could be.

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~rosamondgenealogy/misstrip.ht
m

Sure enough, they both knew where it was. David lead us to it, and he
lead us to the few graves on Mulberry Creek that mark the original
site of the church that was organized in 1826. Talk about luck! This
was so exciting!!! We were so lucky to have ran into these two
gentleman.
These graves are right along a paved road in the woods (I mean, the
stones are right along the road). This cemetery is in bad shape. No
one is taking care of it. It is over grown in weeds, trees and with
poison oak and ivy everywhere. David, Mark and I ventured out into
the cemetery a little ways. Couldn't go to each stone because the
poison oak & ivy is soooo thick.

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~rosamondgenealogy/sctrip.htm

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~rosamondgenealogy/

http://rougeknights.blogspot.com/search?q=royal%27s+grave
http://rougeknights.blogspot.com/search?q=Royal+Rosamond+grave

Re: Rosamond of Greenville & California

Posted by: Jimmy Rosamond (ID *****3221)
Date: January 14, 2007 at 12:23:36
In Reply to: Rosamond of Greenville & California by John Presco of
11

John. Here is information I've found on your line of the family. This
begins with your mother Rosemary Rosamond. Didn't know how muchy of
this you have so I figured I'd send it to you.

Jimmy Rosamond

Ancestors of Rosemary Rosamond

Generation No. 1

1. Rosemary Rosamond, born 26 Sep 1922 in California. She was
the daughter of 2. Frank Wesley "Royal" Rosamond and 3. Mary
Magdalene Weineke.

Generation No. 2

2. Frank Wesley "Royal" Rosamond1,2, born 18 Dec 1881 in
Missouri3; died Abt. 26 Nov 1953 in Prob Oklahoma. He was the son of
4. William Thomas Rosamond and 5. Ida Rose. He married 3. Mary
Magdalene Weineke Abt. 1911 in California4.
3. Mary Magdalene Weineke, born Abt. 1882 in Iowa.

Notes for Frank Wesley "Royal" Rosamond:
From: Jon Presco <braskewitz <at> yahoo.com>
Subject: Rosamond
Newsgroups: gmane.culture.templar.rosemont
Date: 2004-05-31 12:28:27 GMT

My grandfather, Royal Rosamond, authored several books, numerous
short stories, and countless poems that were published in 'Out
West' 'Liberty Magazine', and several Romance magazines. He was good
friends of Dashiel Hammet according to my mother Rosemary, and my
Aunt Lillian recalls falling asleep to the sound of her father, and
the author Earl Stanley Gradner, typing away in their home in Ventura
California, they honing up on their literary skills. Dashiel and Earl
were members of the 'Black Mask' a society of mystery writers.

Royal was born in a log cabin on the Missouri River, the only known
child of William Rosamond and Ida Louisiana Rose. He met my
grandmother, Mary Magdalene Wienke while working in Brakey's Cash
Bizaar in Ojai, and would later own the first general store in
Ventura. A short biography of Royal is found in my link to my
newspaper 'Royal Rosamond Press'.

Royal was a good friend of Otto Rayburn, the Ozark historian, they
meeting when Royal returned to the Ozarks to become a Regional
writer. Royal published in Rayburn's 'Arcadian Magazine' "A Journal
of the Well-flavored Earth" printed in Eminence Missouri. Royal would
later found 'Gem Publishing' in Oklahoma City, and publish his
books 'Bound in Clay' and 'Ravola of Thunder Mountain'.

I have corespondence between Royal and Otto. I wonder if he met the
Regional artist, Thomas Hart Benton, who was also good friends of
Otto Rayburn, there photographs of both men in Volume 1. of
Rayburn's 'Enchanted Ozarks' an archives of Ozark Folk Life found at
the University of Arkansas.

Interment Record for ROYAL ROSAMOND
Name: ROSAMOND, ROYAL
Born: 12/18/1881
Died or Buried: 11/26/1953
Buried: Sunny Lane Sec. 13
Section: lot S13-RN-7
City: Del City
County/State: Oklahoma, OK
Notes: Son of Ida & William
http://userdb.rootsweb.com/cemeteries/cgi-bin/cemetery.cgi?
id=798161&database=Cemetery%
20Records&return_to=http://userdb.rootsweb.com/cemeteries/&submitter_i
d=
More About Frank Wesley "Royal" Rosamond:
Burial: 26 Nov 1953, Sunny Lane Sec. 13, lot S13-RN-7, Del City,
Oklahoma

More About Frank Rosamond and Mary Weineke:
Marriage: Abt. 1911, California4

Children of Frank Rosamond and Mary Weineke are:
i. June E Rosamond, born Abt. 1914 in California.
ii. Bertha M Rosamond, born Abt. 1916 in
California.
1 iii. Rosemary Rosamond, born 26 Sep 1922 in
California.
iv. Lillian J Rosamond, born Abt. 1924 in
California.

Generation No. 3

4. William Thomas Rosamond5,6,7,8,9, born 1860 in
Mississippi10. He was the son of 8. Samuel Rosamond and 9. Frances C.
Morrison. He married 5. Ida Rose 16 Feb 1881 in Bates County,
Missouri11.
5. Ida Rose, born in Louisiana; died Abt. 1890.

More About William Thomas Rosamond:
Name 2: William Thomas Rosamond12,13
Date born 2: Abt. 1860, Mississippi
Residence: 1900, Duke, Greer, Oklahoma14

More About William Rosamond and Ida Rose:
Marriage: 16 Feb 1881, Bates County, Missouri15

Child of William Rosamond and Ida Rose is:
2 i. Frank Wesley "Royal" Rosamond, born 18 Dec
1881 in Missouri; died Abt. 26 Nov 1953 in Prob Oklahoma; married
Mary Magdalene Weineke Abt. 1911 in California.

Generation No. 4

8. Samuel Rosamond16, born 1815 in Abbeville District, SC. He
was the son of 16. Benjamin Rosamond and 17. Susannah Hill. He
married 9. Frances C. Morrison.
9. Frances C. Morrison17, born Abt. 1822 in South Carolina.

More About Samuel Rosamond:
Occupation: Farmer

Children of Samuel Rosamond and Frances Morrison are:
i. Benjamin F. Rosamond, born Abt. 1844 in
Mississippi.
ii. John J. Rosamond, born Abt. 1846 in
Mississippi.
iii. Frances J. Rosamond, born Abt. 1852 in
Mississippi.
iv. Nonimus Nathaniel Rosamond, born Jul 1854 in
Lowndes County, Mississippi; died 01 Jan 1908 in Lurton, Newton
County, Arkansas; married Rosalie A. Bennett Abt. 1875 in Chicago,
Illinois.

More About Nonimus Rosamond and Rosalie Bennett:
Marriage: Abt. 1875, Chicago, Illinois

4 v. William Thomas Rosamond, born 1860 in
Mississippi; married (1) Ida Rose 16 Feb 1881 in Bates County,
Missouri; married (2) Mildred A. ? Abt. 1898.
vi. Laura Rosamond, born Abt. 1862.

Generation No. 5

16. Benjamin Rosamond18, born Abt. 1790 in South Carolina19;
died Bet. 1850 - 1860 in Attala County, Mississippi. He was the son
of 32. James Rosamond and 33. Lettice Tillman. He married 17.
Susannah Hill.
17. Susannah Hill, died 20 Oct 1828 in Abbeville County, South
Carolina20. She was the daughter of 34. John Hill Sr. and 35.
Susannah ?.

Notes for Benjamin Rosamond:
Benjamin Rosamond, R255, M. Born in 1790 in South Carolina. Was on
the census for Attala County, Mississippi in 1850. Benjamin died in
Attala County, Mississippi bef 16 May 1859, he was 69.

In "Greenwood County Sketches" Benjamin, Susannah and son Thomas are
mentioned as members of the Walnut Grove Baptist Church located near
Ware Shoals in 1834. Before 1850, Benjamin had remarried to Jane
Rogers Mays.

A number of records from the Walnut Grove Baptist Church were
published in a series of newspaper articles in the "Greenwood Index-
Journal" in the early 1940s. The text of these articles, written by
Harry L. Watson, are contained in Volume 2 of "Greenwood Historical
Society Scrapbooks". These were later reprinted in a book titled "Our
Old Roads" by Margaret Watson, daughter of the author. Benjamin and
his family are mentioned several times in these records as detailed
below. Each article was numbered based on date of publicatiion, not
the date of the church record.

---------- From "Our Old Roads" --------------

No. 101, Year referenced in text 1826. Newspaper article 6 November
1943.
(Regarding the Walnut Grove Baptist Church)
"The original minute book begins with this entry:
A Record of the proceedings of the Baptist Church of Christ at the
Walnut Grove on Mulberry Creek in Abbeville District, S. C.,
constituted on the 24th day of June 1826 by the Rev'd Arthur Williams
and Chesley Davis, both of the district aforesaid and teh Rev'd Moses
Holland, of Pendleton District."

The names of the members constituted are as follows:
Samuel Hill Nancy Hodges
Richard Gaines Mary Youngblood
William Graham Peggy Henderson
Valentine Young Dicey Sharp
Thompson Hodges Jincy Gaines
Benjamin Rosemond Susanna Roseman
Robert Gaines Francis Roseman
William Hodges Jane Huskerson
James Hodges Tabitha Hodges

It will be noticed the names of the male members are in the first
column and the names of the female members are in the second column.
And that was the way the members in all the churches sat in the early
days and even within the recollection of people of middle age and
better today, the men on one side, usually the right side after
entrance, and the females on the left side after entrance.

No. 157, Year referenced in text 1837.
The church was again involved in neighborhood and individual
difficulties. In one meeting in which the members were voting on the
matter of fellowship with a former member who was now an officer of
another church, it appeared after a vote that this former member
would be "excluded" and this would embarass the sister church in
which he was now an official. Whereupon, an old member, B. Rosamond
who was also a charter member, got up and told the members voting
to "exclude" that if they could not vote to keep the former member in
good standing, to "sit still and not vote at all" so as to bring
about harmony. His suggestion was followed and the record says twenty
members "sat still and refused to vote" and this saved the day for
the former member who was now an official in another church.

No. 164, Year referenced in text 1828. Newspaper article 4 December
1943.
The "Church at the Walnut Grove on Mulberry Creek" as it was always
described by the clerk, did not show any gain in membership by the
end of its third year. Beginning with eighteen charter members, it
lost within two years two of these by letters of dismission and on
Oct. 20, 1828 Susannah Rosmond died, the first loss by death. This
brought the membership down to fifteen, but the addition of "Polly
Hodges", wife of James Hodges by letter from Turkey Creek about this
time, brought the membership up to sixteen. Then on Jan. 4, 1830
after a sermon by the Rev. Nicholas Ware Hodges, the first two
members to be received by baptism are named. These were "Polly
Hodges, sister of, and Mahala Hodges, the wife of Thompson Hodges."
(This made the total membership eighteen again.) Incidentally, there
are three "Polly Hodges" already noted in the record.

... (also from No. 164)
"On Christmas Eve, the Rev. Thomas A. Rosamond, "a member of the
Methodist clergy" (a member of the Rosamond family of this section
and many members of it were members of the Walnut Grove), preached
and the following joined: John and Thomas Rosamond (sons of B. R.)
and this notation by the clerk must have meant they were sons of
Benjamin Rosamond, one of the charter members in 1826,..."

No. 165, Date referenced June 23, 1832.
At this meeting Valentine Young was granted the privilege of "a
public gift of prayer within the bounds of the church". It was
explained that this was the same privilege which had been granted to
Richard Gaines and Benj. Rosamond, ...

---------------- End records from "Our Old Roads" --------------------
--

Benjamin is also mentioned several times in "Abstracts of Old Ninety-
Six, Abbeville District Wills and Bonds" as witness to wills and
deeds.

According to an article in J.P. Coleman's "Choctaw County Chronicles"
under New Zion Baptist Church, organized December 1842, Benjamin ws
one of the first two deacons. Also among the organizers was a
Rosander Rosamond (don't know who he/she is).

By 1850 Benjamin had sold his South Carolina property which was
located somewhere near the Mulberry Creek/Saluda River area. He
divided the profit with his sons and was living near his brother
Samuel in Atalla County, Mississippi. In the same time period his
other brother Thomas and all his sons except Thomas and Joseph were
also in Mississippi. In 1850 Benjamin was listed in the Mississippi
census as owning 9 slaves and being married to Jane. Census Ed. 126,
495/495.

In November 1858, James Rosamond (Benjamin's son James ??) was
appointed guardian of Jerusha W. (who is this?) and Tilman J.
Rosamond. Then on May 16, 1859, Jane is named as guardian of Tilman
J. and Marion F. Rosamond. These are her sons by Benjamin. On this
date she gave her annual accounting regarding her sons.

On 12/20/ 1858, William T. Wright, referred to as the guardian of
Jantha Rosamond (presumably Jantha Mays who was under guardianship of
Benjamin and Jane), gave his final accounting. Jantha at this time
was married to John F. Temple.

1850 Census Data, Attala County, MS
Page 126 & 127
495/495 Rosemon, Benj., Age 60, farmer, value 400, born SC = means b.
ca. 1790
Jane, Age 44, born 1806, SC = Jane Rogers Mays
Lucretia, age 14, born SC
Daniel, age 12, SC
Jantha, age 11, female, SC
Marion F., age 2, born 1848, SC - - - Contradicts Carroll County, MS
birth.
Mayse, Abner, age 18, male, born SC--Question-when did Benjamin get
to MS?

The above record is not the only that contradicts the birthplace of
Benjamin's son Marion Francis Rosamond. The 1880 census of Montgomery
County, AL which also lists his wife and children records his
birthplace as Alabama. Any of these are possible since he could have
been born just before the family left SC for MS, enroute between SC
and Mississippi, or shortly after the family's arrival in
Mississippi. However, the death certificate of Marion Francis
Rosamond who died July 8, 1935 shows his birthplace as Mississippi,
this information being provided by his son Joseph Franklin Rosamond
with whom he was living at the time of his death.

One handwritten note from Ruth Menhel indicates that Benjamin was on
the tax roll in Attala County in 1847. Since there is a probate
record for Benjamin and Jane in 1845 in SC, that would date the move
to MS between 1845 and 1847. And this would mean that Marion Franklin
was born in Mississippi. But if Benjamin was on the tax roll in
Attala County, that would indicate that Marion Francis was born there
rather than in Carroll County.

Benjamin first married Susannah Hill, daughter of John Hill, Sr. and
Susannah ? Hill. In John Hill Senior's will, he named his children as
well as Benjamin and Susannah's seven sons to receive Susannah's
share since she had already died. From the the will it
says, "Susannah, who intermarried with Benjamin Rosemond, now dead,
leaving as her only heirs her said husband Benjamin Rosemond, and
seven children to wit, James, Benjamin, Samuel, John, Thomas, William
and Joseph."

After the death of his first wife, ca 1843 when Benjamin was about
53, he married Jane Rogers daughter of Daniel Rogers Jr., & Lucretia
Harris, in Abbeville County, SC. Born on 4 Oct 1803 in Edgefield Co.,
South Carolina, Jane died in Mississippi bef 1870, she was about 66.

Following his marriage to Jane, Benjamin was made guardian to three
Mays children, Abner Mays, Jr., Aletha Mays and Jessee Mays. I
believe these are Jane's children from her first marriage to Abner
Mays, Sr. The children are listed as neices and nephew of Benjamin's
son Thomas and Sarah Mays Rosamond. "Mays Minors, Box 68, Pack 1658 -
On Oct 14 1840, Benjamin, John Rosamond, Felix Rogers bound to Moses
Taggart Ord., Abbeville Dist sum $2,000. Benjamin Rosamond made
guardian of Lethe, Jessy and Abner Mays, minors of Abner Mays, decd.
1841. Rec'd of Mathew Mays, Admn. of S. Whitley, Decd., who was
guardian of above children."

There is some confusion regarding children adopted by or under the
guardianship of Benjamin and Jarne Rogers Mays Rosamond. I believe
that the three Mays children to whom Benjamin was made guardian after
his marriage to Jane were her children by Abner Mays, Sr. Their names
were Abner, Jr., Aletha and Jessee.

In the 1860 census, Ally Wright, daughter of Althea Mays Wright is
listed as living in the household of Jane Rogers Mays Rosamond.

Personal note: I can remember my dad, Ennis Herman Rosamond, and my
Aunt Christine Rosamond Stedman referring to Benjamin's second wife
Jane as the Widow Mays. Also, Dad said on several occasions he
remembers his grandfather, Marion Francis Rosamond (son of Benjamin
and Jane) referring to his brother Daniel. This must be Daniel Mays
who was under Benjamin and Jane's guardianship after the death of his
father.

In an email from Ruth Menhel, she said she had a record from the
probate court in Edgefield County, SC that shows Benjamin and Jane
Rogers being married in 1845.

Per "Attala County Pioneers" by Betty Couch Wiltshire:
Kosciusko, Attala County, MS Probate Book 1, 1858-1863.
Page 35: (Is this the page in Probate Book, or in "Attala County
Pioneers"??
"James Rosamond, Guardian of Jerusha W. and Tilman J. Rosamond.
(Note: Tilman is the brother of Marion Franklin Rosamond. Also, what
is the date of this record? It can be assumed that Benjamin Rosamond
died prior to this event, so it could help date Benjamin's death.)

Page 105:
May 16, 1859 - "Jane Rosamond, guardian of Marion F. and Tillman J.
Rosamond presented her annual account".

Note: According to birth date of 1803 from Rogers book, Jane was
forty-five years old when Marion Franklin Rosamond was born (making
her age 48 at the time of the 1850 census), and about 47 when Tillman
Jasper was born. This conflicts with birth date in 1850 census which
shows her as 44 years old, i.e. born in 1806.

More About Benjamin Rosamond:
Census: 1850, Attala County, Mississippi

Notes for Susannah Hill:
From "Equity Records of Old 96 and Abbeville County, SC"; re children
of John Hill Senior.
Susannah, now dead, who intermarried with Benjamin Rosemond, leaving
as her only heirs and distributees her husband, the said Benjamin
Rosemond and seven children to wit, James, Benjamin, Samuel, John,
Thomas, William and Joseph.

Children of Benjamin Rosamond and Susannah Hill are:
i. James Rosamond, born Abt. 1808 in Abbeville
District, SC; married Tobitha ?; born Abt. 1802 in South Carolina.

More About James Rosamond:
Occupation: Miller

ii. John Rosamond21, born Abt. 1809 in Abbeville
District, SC; married Sarah Graham Abt. 1831 in South Carolina; born
23 Jun 1811 in South Carolina.

More About John Rosamond:
Occupation: Farmer, Landowner

Marriage Notes for John Rosamond and Sarah Graham:
Date based on birth dates of children

More About John Rosamond and Sarah Graham:
Marriage: Abt. 1831, South Carolina

iii. Thomas Henry Rosamond, born 19 Oct 1811 in
Abbeville District, SC; died 1886; married Sarah Mays Abt. 1846; born
03 Apr 1825 in Abbeville District, SC.

More About Thomas Henry Rosamond:
Occupation: Merchant/Flour Mill Owner

More About Thomas Rosamond and Sarah Mays:
Marriage: Abt. 1846

iv. Benjamin Rosamond, born Abt. 1814 in South
Carolina; married Elizabeth ?.

More About Benjamin Rosamond:
Occupation: Farmer

8 v. Samuel Rosamond, born 1815 in Abbeville
District, SC; married Frances C. Morrison.
vi. William Addison Rosamond, born 17 Sep 1819 in
Abbeville District, SC; died 29 Nov 1900 in Weldon, Houston County,
Texas; married Martha Canzada Coleman Abt. 1848 in Kosciusko, Attala
County, Mississippi; born Abt. 1828 in South Carolina; died 02 Sep
1898 in Weldon, Houston County, Texas.

Notes for William Addison Rosamond:
Antioch Cemetery

More About William Addison Rosamond:
Burial: Lovelady, Houston County, Texas
Occupation: Mill Operator

Notes for Martha Canzada Coleman:
Antioch Cemetery

More About Martha Canzada Coleman:
Burial: Weldon, Houston County, Texas

More About William Rosamond and Martha Coleman:
Marriage: Abt. 1848, Kosciusko, Attala County, Mississippi

vii. Joseph Rosamond, born 1825 in South
Carolina; died Aft. 1870.

More About Joseph Rosamond:
Occupation: Hotel Keeper / Cotton Merchant

viii. Nancy Narcissus Rosamond, born 20 Oct 1828
in Abbeville County, SC; died 17 Jun 1921 in Chester, Choctaw County,
Mississippi; married William Wright Bowie 1844; born 03 Oct 1822 in
South Carolina; died 02 Feb 1910.

Notes for Nancy Narcissus Rosamond:
Salem Methodist Cemetery

More About Nancy Narcissus Rosamond:
Burial: Chester, Choctaw County, Mississippi

Notes for William Wright Bowie:
Salem Methodist Cemetery

More About William Wright Bowie:
Burial: Chester, Choctaw County, Mississippi

More About William Bowie and Nancy Rosamond:
Marriage: 1844

Generation No. 6

32. James Rosamond, born Abt. 1754 in Augusta County,
Virginia; died Bef. 10 Jul 1806 in Abbeville District, SC. He was the
son of 64. John Rosamond and 65. Sarah Willson. He married 33.
Lettice Tillman Abt. 1778.
33. Lettice Tillman, born Abt. 1757; died Bef. 1793.

Notes for James Rosamond:
((birth was between 1750 and 1760 when John and Sarah were still in
Virginia))

James Rosamond, R255, M. Born ca 1754 in Augusta County, Virginia.
James died in Abbeville District, SC bef 10 Jul 1806, he was about
52. Occupation: Farmer.

James served in the Revolutionary War in the Ninety-Six District
before and after the fall of Charleston. The Siege of Charleston
occurrend in 1780 by the British Army led by Sir Henry Clinton. James
furnished 150 lbs. of pork to the militia in 1782. He obtained land
grants as a result of his service in the war. An abstract of his
service in the Revolutionary War is on file at the Historical
Commission in South Carolina.

James may have been married to a Dorothy/Norah Hodges (daughter or
John Hodges and Elizabeth ?) prior to marrying Mary Daugherty. No one
has been able to find any record of this. Barbara Morgan lists a
Lettice Jones as a possibility for James' first wife. Much depends on
when his first wife died, and the date he married Mary.

In the first national census in 1790, James, his brother Samuel, and
his mother Sarah were the only Rosamond Heads of Household listed in
South Carolina.

From info received from Ruth: "The census listing shows him as living
in the Ninety-Six District 1 male & 1 female age 40-50, 2 males under
16 years and 9 slaves." This can't be the 1790 census data as that
census didn't break down the ages except the males, and that only
younger and older than 16. Also, there is no 40-50 age group for the
1800 census. This breakdown didn't occur until at least 1830, so
where did this data come from? I think this refers to a different
James. Probably Samuel's son James, the nephew of this James.

A transcripted copy of his will is located in the SC Archives in
Columbia, SC. A copy also appears on a separate page within this web
site. James' will was recorded in Abbeville County, 10 July 1806.

He and his brother Samuel are mentioned in their sister Jean
Rosamond's will.

From "Mississippi Ancestors"
"ROSAMOND, James, Soldier, S.C., b. Abbeville, S.C., d. aft 8 June
1805, Abbeville, S.C., m ca 1778-79, wf Mary Dohorty, Abbeville,
S.C., d aft 15 July 1795; ch, Thomas (Rev.), b 1788, Abbeville Dist.,
S.C., d. prob Jan 1862 Yalobusha Co., Miss., m Elizabeth A. Williams,
ca 1820-21, b 20 Apr 1805, Kershaw Dist., S.C., d 23 Apr 1857,
Yalobusha Co., Miss.; Nathaniel, b ca 1786, m (1) Mary Lighon, (2)
Amy Powell; Benjamin, b ca 1784; Samuel b ca 1782; Mary, b ca 1780.

ca 1778 when James was 24, he first married Lettice ?, F. Born ca
1757. Lettice died ca 1793, she was 36.

The big question is who was James' first wife???? One record shows
her as Lettice, others speculate that she was Dorothy Hodges, sister
to Sarah and Richard Hodges who married Samuel and Sarah F. Rosamond
respectively, and some still believe it could be Mary Doherty
(Daugherty), although that now seems very unlikely. If her name was
Lettice, she might have been a Jones.

Alternate spellings for Lettice - Letice, Letitia, Lettitia, Leticia,
Letticia, ... Nicknames Letty, Lettie, ...
----------------------------------------------------------

More About James Rosamond:
Occupation: Farmer

Notes for Lettice Tillman:
It is not certain that Lettice Tillman was the name of James
Rosamond's wife. However, records in Mississippi indicate that this
was her name although the person holding the records has not agreed
to provide copies. Further research is needed.

Email from Ray Isbell <isbell2 <at> hotmail.com> 28 January 2004:
... the maiden name must have been in some family papers I received
years ago from my grandmother's cousin, Vera Rosamond Schults
Phillips of Indanola or Grenada, Miss., ... It Vera said she BELIEVED
but couldn't prove Lettice was a Tillman, or that she was THOUGHT to
be a Tillman, I can't tell you without going through those old
letters and papers, ...
I'm descended from Mary Turley Williams Mayhew, whose sister
Elizabeth A. Williams married Rev. Thomas A. Rosamond, son of James
Rosamond and Lettice.

More About James Rosamond and Lettice Tillman:
Marriage: Abt. 1778

Children of James Rosamond and Lettice Tillman are:
i. Mary Rosamond, born Abt. 1780.

Notes for Mary Rosamond:
1820 Census of Abbeville County shows a Mary Rosamond over 45 years
old as a Head of Household with no one else living with her. This is
probably her as she is right next door to James' sons Samuel and
Benajmin, and only 11 houses away from Nathaniel Jones Rosamond.

ii. Nathaniel Jones Rosamond, born Abt. 1784 in
Abbeville District, SC; died Bef. 1840 in Abbeville County, SC;
married (1) Amy Powell; born in Laurens County, South Carolina; died
1855 in Northport, Alabama; married (2) Mary Lighon 1808; died 1809.

Notes for Nathaniel Jones Rosamond:
Nathaniel Jones Rosamond, R255, M. Born ca 1784 in Abbeville
District, SC. Nathaniel Jones died in Abbeville County, SC ca 1840,
he was 56. Occupation: Farmer.

Nathaniel Jones Rosamond and second wife Amy Powell were second
cousins.

Listed in the 1810 thru 1830 census and is shown owning six slaves in
1810.

Nathaniel Jones first married Amy Powell (41) , P400, F, daughter of
Ezekiel Powell, M & Margaret "Peggy" Rosamond (20), F. Born in
Laurens County, South Carolina. Amy died in 1855 in Northport,
Alabama.

Family group sheet from LDS Archives shows Amy's father's nane as
William Powell and mother as Nancy Bobo. Her date of birth shown on
this sheet would make her age inconsistent being the daughter of
Ezekial Powell and Margaret Rosamond.

A short biography of William Capers Rosamond, written before 1904,
says that his mother, i.e. Amy Powell was born in Kentucky. This
again contradicts Ezekiel and Margaret being Amy's parents.

Another mystery here.

More About Nathaniel Jones Rosamond:
Occupation: Farmer

iii. Thomas A. Rosamond, born 05 Jun 1787 in
Abbeville District, SC; died 30 Nov 1861 in Yalobusha County, MS;
married Elizabeth A. Williams Abt. 1820 in Kershaw District, SC; born
20 Apr 1805 in Kershaw District, SC; died 23 Apr 1857 in Yalobusha
County, MS.

Notes for Thomas A. Rosamond:
Williams Family Cemetery, 8 miles east of Grenada, MS

Thomas A. Rosamond, R255, M. Born on 5 Jun 1787 in Abbeville
District, SC. Thomas A. died in Yalobusha County, MS on 30 Nov 1861,
he was 74. Buried in Yalobusha County, MS. Occupation: Minister /
Farmer. Religion: Methodist.

It is believed that Thomas came to Mississippi between 1842 and 1845.

Thomas is mentioned in his father James' will.

Thomas' will was written 2/8/1860 and probated in February 1862,
probably in Yalobusha County (now Grenada County).

At least two descendants have joined the DAR thru Thomas' line to his
father James Rosamond. Mrs. Mabel Martin Moorehead, #542939 and Vera
Schulz Phillips, #490096.

Per an article written by Thomas' great-granddaughter Vera Rosamond
Schulz Phillips:
"Thomas A. Rosamond was born in Abbeville District, SC on 5th June
1787 and died in Yalobusha County, MS Nov. 30th, 1861 in his 73rd
year. He was converted and joined the M.E. Church in early life;
became a member of the SC Conference in 1817; traveled as an
itenerant for five years; retired from the Conference in 1824 and
located in Abbeville District where he served the church as a local
preacher, as circumstances would admit, until in 1841 he moved with
his family to Mississippi where he labored faithfully for the church
of his choice and it's interests until infirmity confined him home.
The gospel proved a solace and comfort in all his afflictions, and
enabled him to say when apprised of nearing dissolution, "All is
well." During his sickness no murmur of complaint fell from his lips.
He retained the gift of speech and reason till near his end. As a man
he was domestic in his habits, exact in all his dealings, attentive
and liberal to the poor, and always ready to contribute freely to the
support of the gospel and it's instrumentalities. As a neighbor, kind
and accomodating; he shared the respect and confidence of all who
knew him. And he thus died as he had lived the faithful servant of
his blessed Master, in bright prospects of the resurrection of the
just."

The 1850 census valued his personal estate at $28,000.

ca 1820 when Thomas A. was 32, he first married Elizabeth A.
Williams, W452, F, daughter of Robert Williams, M & Mary Turley, F,
in Kershaw District, SC. Born on 20 Apr 1805 in Kershaw District, SC.
Elizabeth A. died in Yalobusha County, MS on 23 Apr 1857, she was 52.
Buried in Yalobusha County, MS. Religion: Methodist.

More About Thomas A. Rosamond:
Burial: Yalobusha County, MS
Occupation: Minister / Farmer
Religion: Methodist

Notes for Elizabeth A. Williams:
Williams Family Cemetery, 8 mi east of Grenada, MS

More About Elizabeth A. Williams:
Burial: Yalobusha County, MS
Religion: Methodist

More About Thomas Rosamond and Elizabeth Williams:
Marriage: Abt. 1820, Kershaw District, SC

16 iv. Benjamin Rosamond, born Abt. 1790 in South
Carolina; died Bet. 1850 - 1860 in Attala County, Mississippi;
married (1) Susannah Hill; married (2) Jane Rogers Abt. 1843 in
Abbeville County, SC.
v. Samuel E. Rosamond22,23,24, born Abt. 1792 in
Abbeville District, SC25; died Abt. 1862 in Attala County, MS;
married Frances E. 'Fannie' Hill 1812 in Abbeville District, SC; born
Abt. 1785 in Abbeville District, SC25; died Abt. 1867 in Attala
County, MS.

Notes for Samuel E. Rosamond:
Rosamond/Sweaney Cemetery
Page 127, 14 R6E

In 1860, Samuel E and Frances Rosamond were living in a house with
Elijah Little and his wife Nancy.

More About Samuel E. Rosamond:
Census: 1850, Attala County, Mississippi

Notes for Frances E. 'Fannie' Hill:
North Union Cemetery

More About Frances E. 'Fannie' Hill:
Burial: Holmes County, MS

More About Samuel Rosamond and Frances Hill:
Marriage: 1812, Abbeville District, SC

34. John Hill Sr.26, died in Abbeville County, SC. He married
35. Susannah ?.
35. Susannah ?, died Aft. Jan 1824.

Notes for John Hill Sr.:
The following is quoted from "Equity Records of Old 96 and Abbeville
District" by Willie Pauline Young, as on file in the Abbeville
Courthouse, S.C., Volume , pgs. 94-98.
----------------
ESTATE OF JOHN HILL SR.
PACK 3375
BILL FOR ACCOUNT
CLERK OF COURTS OFFICE, ABBEVILLE, S.C.

The State of South Carolina, Abbeville District
In Equity to the Honorable, the Chanellors of the said state, humbly
complaining show unto your honors your orator Robert C. Richey &
oratrix Nancy his wife, and your orator William C. Hill as follows:

Many years ago John Hill Senior departed this life having made his
last will and testament. By his will the said John Hill Senior gave
to his wife Susannah the plantation whereon he lived with all his
moveable property together with the following negros, to wit, Sylla,
Cessa with five boys, Lewis, Silas, Gabl?, Willis, and Wiley during
her widowhood, but provided that if his wife should marry again that
then she should have Cessa, one horse and saddle, one bed and
furniture and household and kitchen furniture during her life, and at
her death the same to be equally divided amongst his children. And
upon termination of the life estate he gave to his son Samuel the
negro boy Lewis, to his son William the negro boy Silas, to his son
John the negro boy Gabl?, to his son Joseph the negro boy Willis, and
to his son Bluford the negro boy Wiley. The testator also directed
that the said slaves should remain in the hands of the executors
until each of the sons should severally be married or come to the age
of 21 years, and in case any one of the said slaves should die before
the said sons should be entitled to receive thence that out of the
increase of Sylla or Cessa the deficiency be made up.
The said John Hill Senior at the time of his death left as his only
heirs & legatees, a widow Susannah and twelve children to wit,

Betsy who intermarried with David Hilland by him had several children
only two of whom are now living to wit, Jane or Jincy? now the wife
of James Dodson; and Joycey now the wife of ____ Cogburn, she
afterwards married Patrick Germain? and had one son Thomas, and then
died.

Nancy, then and now the wife of William Mays.

Polly then and now the wife of Jesse Rainey.

Sally, then and now the wife of David Vines.

Susannah, who intermarried with Benjamin Rosemond, now dead, leaving
as her only heirs and distributees her husband, the said Benjamin
Rosemond and seven children to wit, James, Benjamin, Samuel, John,
Thomas, William and Joseph.

Fanny, now the wife of Samuel Rosemond.

Samuel Hill, now dead, who left as his only heirs and distributees a
widow Elizabeth, who has since intermarried with William Hodges, and
two children to wit, Nancy your oratrix who has intermarried with
your orator Robert C. Richey, and Elvira who has since died unmarried
and quite young. Administration of Samuel Hill's estate was granted
to William Barmore.

William Hill who attained the age of twenty-one years, married and
then died leaving as his only heir and distributee William C. Hill.

John Hill who died leaving a will of which mention is hereafter made.

Joseph Hill who died intestate, leaving as his only heirs and
distributees a widow Eliza now the wife of John Graham, and three
children Susan, Jane and Frances.

Bluford Hill who died in his minority and unmarried.

About the year 1824 John Hill Junior died after having made his last
will and testament, by which he bequeathed to his mother during her
life or widowhood the said slave Gabriel, or Gabe?, and upon her
marriage or death to be sold and the proceeds to be divided between
his brothers Samuel, Bluford and Joseph and his sister Rebecca; all
the residue of his estate, he gave to the three brothers and sister
above named. He appointed Reuben Hodges, Samuel Hill and William
Barmore Executors of his will of whom William Barmore was the acting
executor.
Most of the property given to Susannah Hill as aforesaid soon after
the death of John Hill Senior passed into her possession, and some of
the negros for a number of years were hired out. About the year 1838,
the negro Gabe or Gabriel, was hired to David Vines and Nelia Vines
under a contract that he should be returned at the end of the year,
and delivered up to the said Susannah Hill or her agent. But the said
David Vines and Nelia Vines having failed to return the said slave
Gabe at the end of the year, about the twenty-fifth of February 1839
an action of trover was brought by the said Susannah Hill against the
said David Vines and Nelia Vines to recover damages for his
commission and about the seventeenth of October a verdict was
rendered in the favour of the said Susannah Hill against the said
David and Nelia Vines to the amount of nine-hundred and eighty-three
dollars, which was the full value of the said slave Gabe.
---------------------------
There are only elven children mentined above. Omitted was John and
Susannah Hill's daughter Rebecca Hill. She is mentioned in the will
of John Hill, Jr. I need a full transcription of the wills of John
Hill Sr. and Jr. I have a copy of the original will of John Hill Sr.
in my files copied at the Abbeville County, SC courthouse in the year
2000.

Children of John Hill and Susannah ? are:
17 i. Susannah Hill, died 20 Oct 1828 in Abbeville
County, South Carolina; married Benjamin Rosamond.
ii. John Hill Jr., died 1824.

Notes for John Hill Jr.:
From "Equity Records of Old 96 and Abbeville District"
About the year 1824 John Hill Junior died after having made his last
will and testament, by which he bequeathed to his mother during her
life or widowhood the said slave Gabriel, or Gabe?, and upon her
marriage or death to be sold and the proceeds to be divided between
his brothers Samuel, Bluford and Joseph and his sister Rebecca; all
the residue of his estate, he gave to the three brothers and sister
above named. He appointed Reuben Hodges, Samuel Hill and William
Barmore Executors of his will of whom William Barmore was the acting
executor.

iii. Samuel Hill, married (1) Mary E. Mathis;
married (2) Elizabeth Barmore in Ninety-Six District or Abbeville
District, South Carolina27; died Bef. 1805 in South Carolina.

Notes for Samuel Hill:
from "Equity Records of Old 96 and Abbeville District, SC"
Samuel Hill, now dead, who left as his only heirs and distributees a
widow Elizabeth, who has since intermarried with William Hodges, and
two children to wit, Nancy your oratrix who has intermarried with
your orator Robert C. Richey, and Elvira who has since died unmarried
and quite young. Administration of Samuel Hill's estate was granted
to William Barmore.

Notes for Elizabeth Barmore:
From "Equity Records of Old 96 and Abbeville District, SC"
Samuel Hill, now dead, who left as his only heirs and distributees a
widow Elizabeth, who has since intermarried with William Hodges, and
two children to wit, Nancy your oratrix who has intermarried with
your orator Robert C. Richey, and Elvira who has since died unmarried
and quite young. Administration of Samuel Hill's estate was granted
to William Barmore.

William Barmore was probably the father of Elizabeth Barmore Hill
Hodges.

Marriage Notes for Samuel Hill and Elizabeth Barmore:
"7500 Marriages ..." shows their source as Probate Court Records
(PCR), ref. B-1799. This is probably the date of the court record and
not the marriage date.

More About Samuel Hill and Elizabeth Barmore:
Marriage: Ninety-Six District or Abbeville District, South Carolina27

iv. William Hill

Notes for William Hill:
From "Equity Records of Old 96 and Abbeville District, SC" re the
children of John Hill Senior.
William Hill who attained the age of twenty-one years, married and
then died leaving as his only heir and distributee William C. Hill.

v. Polly Hill, married Jesse Rainey.
vi. Joseph Hill, married Eliza ?.
vii. Blueford Hill, died in Abbeville County, SC.
viii. Betsey Hill, married David Hill.
ix. Nancy Hill, married William Mays.
x. Sally Hill, married David Vines.
xi. Rebecca Hill
xii. Frances E. 'Fannie' Hill28,29,30, born Abt.
1785 in Abbeville District, SC31; died Abt. 1867 in Attala County,
MS; married Samuel E. Rosamond 1812 in Abbeville District, SC; born
Abt. 1792 in Abbeville District, SC31; died Abt. 1862 in Attala
County, MS.

Notes for Frances E. 'Fannie' Hill:
North Union Cemetery

More About Frances E. 'Fannie' Hill:
Burial: Holmes County, MS

Notes for Samuel E. Rosamond:
Rosamond/Sweaney Cemetery
Page 127, 14 R6E

In 1860, Samuel E and Frances Rosamond were living in a house with
Elijah Little and his wife Nancy.

More About Samuel E. Rosamond:
Census: 1850, Attala County, Mississippi

More About Samuel Rosamond and Frances Hill:
Marriage: 1812, Abbeville District, SC

Generation No. 7

64. John Rosamond32,33,34, born Abt. 1710 in Poss County
Leitrim, Ireland; died Abt. 1789 in Prob Abbebille County, South
Carolina. He was the son of 128. James "Jacob?" Rosemond and 129. Ann
d'Orr. He married 65. Sarah Willson Abt. 1740 in Augusta County,
Virginia.
65. Sarah Willson, born Abt. 1726 in County Antrim, Ireland;
died Bet. 1790 - 1800 in Prob Abbebille County, South Carolina. She
was the daughter of 130. Thomas Willson and 131. Elizabeth Dinwiddie.

Notes for John Rosamond:
Records regarding John and Sarah Wilson Rosamond
Augusta County, Virginia

Chronicles of the Scotch-Irish Settlement in Virginia,
Volume I, AUGUSTA COUNTY COURT RECORDS.

ORDER BOOK No. II.
AUGUST 24, 1749.
(159) John Campbell, orphan of John Campbell, decd., settlement by
guardian in full.
(159) Robert Renix intending immediately to leave this Colony.
(159) Richard Brown, servant of John Lewis.
(160) Robert Moffet added to tithables.
(161) John Patterson added to tithables.
(161) John Rosemond added to tithables.
(161) Ann, wife of George Breckinridge, relinquished dower in deed,
Breckinridge to Mathew Erwin.
(162) William Hopwood, servant of Valentine Sevier.
(264) William Parks's 2464 acres on So. Br. Potomac to be valued by
Geo. Sea, Martin Stroup, John Knight Owells
(O'Neils), Henry Kerr, John Skelton, John Patton, Jr., James Rutledge
and John Smith.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA - CHALKLEY'S CHRONICLES; Vol 3, PP 10 - 19
Page 226.--28th October, 1749. James McNutt's appraisement by
JamesTrimble, Joseph Coulton, John Roseman. Notes of Philip Chittam,
Jas.Davis and Arthur Miliken. 15

CHRONICLES OF THE SCOTCH-IRISH SETTLEMENT OF VIRGINIA;
Vol 2, pp 410 - 419by Lyman Chalkley
1750--Sam'l Akerlin, gone to Pennsylvania; Gabriel Akerlin, gone
toPennsylvania; Jeremiah Bates, can't find; John Boaman, can't find;
EdwardBoil, gone to Carolina; Jno. Bolin, not found; Wm. Crisp, to
Carolina;Edw'd Cochran, runaway; Pierce Castlan, lives in Lunenburg;
Philip Linch,runaway; Robt. Crumbe, twice charged; Nath'l Cherry, not
found; JohnDroen, not found; John Doson. to Carolina; James Dailey,
runaway; Rob'tFryer, not found; James Gordon, no effects; Rob't
Gamble, not found;Chas. Gilham. not found; David Galloway, twice
charged; Naftalin Gregory, not found; Wm. Hardgrove, to Carolina;
Elias Hamilton, not found; 414Joseph Hendon, not found; Wm. Hall,
twice charged; Wm. Hambleton, notfound; Benj. Hardin, twice charged;
Wm. Henry, to Carolina; Wm. Inglish, Constable; Melchisedick
Johnston, not found; Martin Kelley, no effects; Wm. Terrey,
Constable; Ro. Teat, gone to Carolina; Benj. Thompson, not found;
Bryan White, runaway; Alex. Walker, Constable; Thos.Wilson, twice
charged; Ben. Young, not in this County; Rob't Lockndge,Constable;
Jno. McFarland, Constable; Jno. McClenachan, Constable;Henry Leonard,
not found; John Lawler, to Carolina; Geo. Maison, notfound; Henry
Miller, not found; Jno. McCurry, Jr., not found; Joseph McCurry,
runaway; James Murphy, runaway; Neal McNeal, twice charged;Hugh
McBride, runaway; James McAffee, twice charged; Arch'd McCleerie, not
found; Hugh Maires, not found; Wm. McLehanny, not found; Jno.
McHunis, not found; Jas. McCrenneld, not found; Abraham
Mires,not found; Rob't Mains, not found; Jno. Mills, dead, and no
effects; JacobMartin, twice charged; poor John Hance, not found; Jno.
Potts, twicecharged; James Ryan, not found; Jno. Ramsey, twice
charged; James Robeson, twice charged; Sam'l Stalnaker, lives at
Holston River; Jno. Scott,thrice charged; Jno. Shields, lives at
Rockfish; Jno. Stevenson, twicecharged; James Scot, twice charged;
Jno. Stanley, not found; Jno. Vance,lives in Lunenburg; Elias
Wallraven, not found; Nath'l Wilsher, not found;Wm. Walker, twice
charged; John Walker, gone to Carolina; John Warnock,twice charged;
James Gay, Constable; James Mais, Constable; David Miller,Constable;
Jno. Rosmond, Constable.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA - CHALKLEY'S CHRONICLES; Vol 3, PP 20 - 29
Page 446.--21st September, 1750. John Greer's vendue. Sold to John
Lockhart. John Roseman, Sarah Lynn, John Teat, John Mitchell,
Christopher Kelly, George Breckinridge, Thos. Scott, James Lynn,
Thos. Teat,Francis Beaty, John Mitchell.
AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA - CHALKLEY'S CHRONICLES; Vol 3, PP 30 - 49
Page 515.--23d May, 1751. James McNutt's orphans. Settlement by Thos.
Beard, administrator. Paid Mr. Burden for 185 acres bought bymy wife
(Thos. Beard's?) now, but before marriage. 17__ to Mr. Burdenquit
rents on 85 acres for 10 years. 1747 to Mr. Downs for quit rents.1744
to Mr. Burden for quit rents, 300 acres. December 20th, 1748,
paidDavid Hays rents debt due before marriage. Paid Wm. Nutt debt.
8thMay, 1749, paid Wm. Hunter for work. 4th February, 1747, paid John
Huston, debt. 9th December, 1748, paid John Roseman. debt. 10th
May,1748, paid Saml. Wilson, for bringing some linen from Penna. Paid
toWidow Sheals, a debt. Paid to Robt. Alexander, for schooling James
andRobert McNutt. Paid to James Dobbins, for schooling Alex.
McNutt.Paid one new Bible, for Alex. McNutt. Paid one new Testament,
forJames McNutt. Paid one new spelling book, for the children,

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA - CHALKLEY'S CHRONICLES; Vol 3, PP 300 - 309
Page 456.--19th August, 1752. Joseph Kennedy to John Roseman,
380acres, 20 poles. Moffett's Creek. Teste: Wm. Wilson, James
Walker,Fr. Beatey.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA - CHALKLEY'S CHRONICLES; Vol 3, PP 310 - 319
Page 173.--10th February, 1753. Same to Thomas Beard, 605 acres
of92100; Moffett's Creek of James; corner John Roseman. Delivered:
Saml.Buchanan, 21st June, 1758.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA - CHALKLEY'S CHRONICLES; Vol 3, PP 340 - 349
Page 363.--15th June, 1754. George Henderson to John Roseman,
œ60.Bill sale conveys all horses and cows, sheep and hogs, all
movable goods and chattels. Teste: Wm. Wardlaw, Robert Henry.
Acknowledged, 17thNovember, 1756.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA - CHALKLEY'S CHRONICLES; Vol 3, PP 330 - 339
Page 63.--24th _____, 1755. Daniel McBride puts himself apprentice
and servant to John Roseman. cordwainer or shoemaker, for 2 years.
Teste: Ro. Armstrong (mark) and James Goodly.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA - CHALKLEY'S CHRONICLES; Vol 3, PP 50 - 59
Page 328.--20th September, 1758. Vendue of John Snodgrass' estate,by
Agnes Patton--To David Edmund, Wm. Parris, Robt. McRandolph,John
Wardlaw, Wm. Adair, Peter Angel. Paid to John Mountgomery,Edmond
Tarr, James Henry, Jno. Rosamond, Patrick Hays, James McCown, Andrew
Steel.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA - CHALKLEY'S CHRONICLES; Vol 3, PP 350 - 359
Page 249.--18th March, 1760. Thomas ( ) Beard and Margaret to William
Beard, œ100, 605 A., 1 R., 28 P., in Borden's tract, on side
Moffet'sCreek; corner Jno. Roseman's land. Delivered: Wm. Beard,
August 12,1791.

CHRONICLES OF THE SCOTCH-IRISH SETTLEMENT OF VA;
V. 2, pp 460 - 469by Lyman Chalkley
Page 276.--1760: Processioned in Capt. Moore's Company by John
Stephson, Nathaniel Evins: For Nathaniel Evins, for Wm. McCreerey,
for Thos.Willson, for John Stevenson, for John McClung, for Wm.
McClung, forAlex. Moore, for Adam Reed, for Wm. Hays, for Wm. Paris,
for ThomasBard, for John Cunningham, for Mathew Huston, for John
Mountgumery,for Wm. Moore, for Wm. Lockridge, for Thomas Boyd, for
John Boyd, forThomas Hill, for Robert Ware (Wire), for Wm. Hays, for
Wm. Beard,for Wm. Wardlaw, for Andrew Steel, for James Steel, for
Joseph Kennedy,for John Lowry, for Samuel Huston, for James Eakins,
for John Hanly, for John Logan, for Alex. Logan, for Alex. McNutt,
for James McNutt, for John Rosman, for Andrew Dunkin, for John
Wardlaw, for Wm. McCanless,for James Cowdan, for John Moore.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA - CHALKLEY'S CHRONICLES; Vol 3, PP 380 - 389
Page 278.--5th February, 1762. George ( ) Henderson to Hugh Wardlaw,
œ60, 284 acres in Bordin's tract, on Moffett's Creek; cor. John
Roseman; cor. Wm. Wardlaw, James Wardlaw's line. Teste: Henry Long.

Chronicles of the Scotch-Irish Settlement in Virginia,
Volume I, AUGUSTA COUNTY COURT RECORDS.
ORDER BOOK No. IX. APRIL 15, 1765.
(334) Court of Claims and Grievances. Robert Bratton, claim for
provisions for militia. James Kenaday, sergeant, for self and others,
ranging. John Dunlop, provisions. John Dicksin, provisions. James
Ewing, provisions. Hugh Fulton, provisions. Saml. McCutcheon,
provisions.
(335) Wm. Elliott, provisions. John Finley, provisions. Mary Trimble,
relict of John Trimble, for horse of John's impressed and provisions.
Wm. Armstrong, provisions. Henry Criswell, horse impressed. Samuel
Wilson, provisions and horse impressed. John Miller, provisions.
David Doage, provisions. Ralph Laverty, provisions. Thos. Beard,
provisions. John Trimble, provisions. Nathan Gilliland, carriage
of "flower". John McClary, provisions. (336) James Mateer,
provisions. John Risk, provisions. Wm. Beard, provisions. Charles
Erwin, provisions. Joseph Waughub, provisions. Thos. and John Brown,
provisions. John Bodkin, provisions and horse impressed. Robert
Hartgrove, horse killed. John Young, pasturage, horse impressed. John
McPheeters, provisions. Wm. McNabb, provisions. John McKarney,
provisions. Thos. Feemster, provisions.
(337) James Bell, provisions. Wm. Bell, provisions. Wm. McCutcheon,
provisions and horse impressed. John Rosemond, provisions. Andrew
Cowan, enlisting men to garrison Fort Lewis. Walter Trimble,
provisions. Thos. Alexander, provisions. John Francis, provisions.
James Kirk, provisions. Rob. Armstrong, provisions. Wm. Christian,
self et als., ranging. Loftus Pullen, provisions. Rob. Christian,
provisions. Danl. O'Freild, provisions. Thos. Poage, provisions.
Charles Kilpatrick, provisions. George Moffett, for Wm. Mann et als.
Benj. Estill, horse impressed. Andrew Hamilton, provisions. Wm.
McClenachan, provisions. Wm. McKarney, self et als., ranging.

(2) Page 310.--2d October. 1765. George Patterson, eldest son and
heir of John Patterson, to John Roseman, œ30, 380 acres on Moffet's
Creek. David Mitchell.

(3) Page 352.-- October, 1765. John ( ) Roseman and Gabriel Jones to
George Patterson, œ150. Bond conditioned, whereas John Patterson,
late of Augusta, deceased, father of George Patterson, was seized of
380 acres which he sold to Joseph Kenedy, but never made title, and
Joseph sold to John Roseman for œ45.10, and either mistake or design
the said Kennedy conveyed to John Roseman, 19th August, 1752. though
the title was in Patterson and devolved upon the above named Geo.
Patterson as eldest son of John, and George has conveyed to John
Roseman; if John and Gabriel keep said George safe of law suits,
troubles, &c., then to be void.

(4) Page 375.--10th October, 1765. John ( ) Roseman and Sarah to
Robert Gay, œ120, 380 acres, 20 p., on Moffet's Creek. Teste: Francis
( ) Railey.Delivered: Robt. Rhea, one of the devisees, 17th January,
1803.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA - CHALKLEY'S CHRONICLES; Vol 3, PP 430 - 439
(1) Page 255.--14th October, 1765. Same to Robert Gay, 100 acres,
part of92,100, oak on Moffet's opposite John Rosemand's old survey,
opposite George Henderson's land, post in the Barrens. Delivered to
Robert and Archibald Rhea, devisees, 17th January, 1803.

================================================================
EVERYTHING FROM THIS POINT BACK ON THE ROSAMOND LINE IS SUSPECT !!!!
----------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------
================================================================
Regarding John "The Highwayman" and other speculative facts.

Arrived on ship Forward

John was in the militia in Prince Georges County, MD in the 1730s
(1734-37) as a private serving under a CPT Beall.

The Land Records of Prince Georges County, MD 1726-1733 show John
owing money to William Nimmo in Queen Anns Town, MD.

Based on a will I found for a John Roseman in Prince George's County,
MD proved in 1789, John "The Highwayman" Roseman may have lived out
his life and died in PG County, MD. IF this proves to be true, our
John Roseman in Virginia is probably a different John Roseman.
======================================================================
============
Two stories exist concerning this ancestor. William Sam Rosamond
(WSR) showed his name as either John or Thomas, but it was passed
down to me as Thomas. That is the name I have shown on my earlier
charts. According to WSR John/Thomas was probably born in County
Leitrim, Ireland but he gives no date to his birth.

WSR has John/Thomas coming from Ireland to South Carolina in 1740
with his wife and 2 year old son Samuel. He places his death prior to
1790 based on the fact that John/Thomas was not listed in the first
US census done in that year, while two of his sons are listed.

One of our current group of researchers located information regarding
a John Rosamond that was sent to the colonies as an indentured
servant, arriving in Anapolis, Maryland in 1725. His indentured
status was due to the fact that he had committed highway robbery in
England. Since the penalty for this was death, unless the perpetrator
was a minor, it is believed that John/Thomas was probably in his
early or mid-teens at the time of commision of his crime. Based on
this, I place his birth around the year 1710, which would make him
around fifteen years old when he arrived in Maryland.

Based on the ships records which brought him to the US, we now
believe that his name was John, and that Thomas was really his father-
in-law, Thomas Wilson. John arrived in Annapolis aboard the
ship 'Forward' in December 1725. He was tried in Berkshire, England,
Oxford Circuit Court. The ship was owned by Johathon Forward who was
a contractor transporting prisoners for England to their colonies.
Ruth Menhel, another of our current researchers, shows him located in
Prince George's County Maryland as a Corporal in some sort of
military organization.

Researchers assumed that John relocated to Virginia where he married
Sarah Wilson. Barbara Morgan located ship records showing that Sarah
arrived in Virginia with her Mother and sisters in 1740. I am unable
to locate a copy of these records and cannot get in touch with
Barbara. This could be where WSR erroneously picked up that year for
Thomas' arrival in the colonies. Thomas Wilson was Sarah's father,
and had been in Virginia since 1737. John and Sarah relocated their
family to the Abbeville District of South Carolina no later than 1765.

The first instance of John being in Virginia is from Chalkley's
Chronicles showing hin in Augusta County in 1747. Then in 1765, there
is a record in Chalkley's that says the property he and Sarah owned
was sold to them by a man who didn't own the property himself. This
apparently caused a problem, because the final record in Chalkley's
shows them selling the land to someone else with the courts
permission. The next record of him is a land grant dated 1767 in
Abbeville District, SC. That dates their move to SC between 1765 and
1767.

John was a master shoemaker in Augusta County, VA in the 1750s. This
is documented in Chalkleys.

The Land Records of Prince Georges County, MD 1726-1733 show John
owing money to William Nimmo in Queen Anns Town, MD.

Gwen shows John's middle name as Baptiste. This may come from the
English records that Barbara found. I have some doubts about this due
to the dates.

ca 1740 when John was 30, he married Sarah Wilson, W425, F, daughter
of Thomas Willson, M & Elizabeth Dinwiddie, F, in Augusta County,
Virginia. Born ca 1726 in County Antrim, Ireland. Immigrated in 1740
to Virginia. Sarah died in South Carolina bef 1790, she was 64.

Sarah Wilson arrived in the English colonies in 1740 with her sisters
and her mother. Her father, Thomas Wilson, was already in Augusta
County, Virginia. She married John Rosamond in Augusta County ca.
1747, and their family relocated to the Abbeville District of South
Carolina sometime around 1765.

More About John Rosamond:
Event 1: 24 Aug 1749, Augusta County, Virginia
Event 2: 15 Apr 1765, Augusta County, Virginia
Immigration: 1725, Annapolis, MD
Occupation: Farmer, shoemaker

More About Sarah Willson:
Immigration: 1740, Virginia

More About John Rosamond and Sarah Willson:
Marriage: Abt. 1740, Augusta County, Virginia

Children of John Rosamond and Sarah Willson are:
i. Jean Rosamond, born in Augusta County,
Virginia; died Aft. 1793 in Abbeville County, SC.

Notes for Jean Rosamond:
Jean, R255, F. Born ca 1743 in Augusta County, Virginia. Jean died in
Abbeville County, SC aft 1793, she was 50.

Jean's will in 1793 named her brother Samuel Rosamond and his wife,
her sister Sarah, her brother James, and sister Margaret Rosamond
Weems. Jean never married.

----------------
WILL OF JEAN ROSAMOND
ABBEVILLE COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA, 11 JANUARY 1793

In the Name of God, amen. I Jean Rosemond of Abbeville County being
weak in body but of a sound and dispossing mind and memory do make
and ordain this my last Will and testament.

For way and manner following________that all my just debts be paid
and my funeral charges be satisfied Then that my brother Samuel shall
have my negro fellow named Will. Whilest he liveth and after his death

I will that the S'd Negro shall have the priviledge to choose his own
master or mistress of the children of my S'd Brother Samuel.

My mare called Pleasure, my will is that Sarah, My brother Samuels
wife shall have her.

Then I will that my Sister Margaret shall have the half of a piece of
Cambrick that I have and like wise that she shall have my mantle.

Then to my cousin Matthew Wilson, I will and bequeath a white two
year old heifer against _________ and one little orphan yearling.

Then my will and desire is that my Bed Bolster and Pillows blanket
quilt and two sheets cow heifer calf 2 steers & a bull & one white
cow two yues and two Rams My Books. What two_______and Whatever other
property I legally possess of not here mentioned be equally devided
among my two Brothers and two Sisters viz. Samuel Rosemond, James
Rosemond, Margaret Weems, Sarah Hodges and to make and ordain My
loveing brother Samuel Rosemond sole Executor of this my Last Will

in witness where of I do set my hand and seal this Eleventh Day of
January in the year of our Lord
one thousand seven hundred and ninety three.

her
Jean X Rosemond
mark

Signed and Sealed In Presence of
James Waltz
Matthew Wilson
her
Agnes X Wilson
mark

ii. Margaret Rosamond, born Abt. 1745 in Augusta
County, Virginia; died Abt. 1823 in Abbeville, South Carolina;
married Bartholomew Weems Abt. 1760 in South Carolina; born Abt.
1733; died 25 Dec 1800 in Abbeville District, South Carolina.

Notes for Margaret Rosamond:
Margaret Rosamond, R255, F. Born ca 1745 in Augusta County, Virginia.
Margaret died in Abbeville, South Carolina ca 1823, she was 78.
Religion: Reformed Church.

Will was dated Aug. 7, 1821 and is recorded in Will Box 100, Pack
2460, Abbebille, SC. She and her husband were members of the Cedar
Springs Associate Reformed Church.

ca 1760 when Margaret was 15, she married Bartholomew Weems, W520, M,
son of Thomas Weems, M & Eleanor Jacoby, F, in South Carolina. Born
abt 1733. Bartholomew died in Abbeville District, South Carolina on
25 Dec 1800, he was 67. Religion: Reformed Church.

Estate was administered Jan 22, 1801 by Margaret and Samuel Weems, &
Robert Keown unto Andrew Hamilton, Ord., Abbeville District, Sum
$5000. Family were members of the Cedar Springs Associate Reformed
Church.
-------------------------------------------------
I have been able to locate no census record for Margaret in 1810 and
1820.

More About Margaret Rosamond:
Religion: Reformed Church

More About Bartholomew Weems:
Religion: Reformed Church

More About Bartholomew Weems and Margaret Rosamond:
Marriage: Abt. 1760, South Carolina

iii. Samuel Null Rosamond35, born Abt. 1751 in
Augusta County, Virginia; died 11 Aug 1814 in Anderson District,
SC36; married Sarah (Salley) Hodges Feb 1785 in South Carolina; born
Abt. 1765 in South Carolina; died 24 Apr 1844 in SC or MS.

Notes for Samuel Null Rosamond:
Based on his mother not arriving in VA until 1740.
Location near this town in Anderson District

Samuel Null Rosamond, R255, M. Born ca 1751 in Augusta County,
Virginia. Samuel Null died in Anderson District, SC on 11 Aug 1814,
he was 63. Buried in Williamston, SC. Occupation: Farmer, Soldier.

Again there is some controversy regarding Captain Samuel Rosamond.
William Sam Rosamond shows him as being born in County Leitrim,
Ireland arouund 1738. This is based on the supposistion that his
father John came to the US in 1740. If we accept that John arrived in
1725, and Samuel's mother, Sarah Wilson, didn't come to Virginia
until 1740, Samuel would have to have been born after 1740. Barbara
Morgan estimates that he was born sometime between 1745 and 1755. If
we assume that John and Sarah were married ca. 1749, 1750 would be an
approximate date for his birth.

After that things are a little clearer. We know that Samuel grew up
in the Abbeville District, SC. He may have been married more than
once as his will mentions a daughter Polly (Mary) that was not the
daughter of his wife Sarah Hodges. His wife Sarah was from a
neighboring plantation and she was 10-15 years younger than Samuel.

Samuel enlisted in the militia around 1776-77 and served as a
Lieutenant under Captain Adam Crain Jones and Colonel Robert Anderson
(for whom Anderson County, SC was named.) In 1782 he was appointed
Captain and served at the Siege of Ninety-Six and the Battle of
Kettle Creek in Wilkes County, GA on Feb. 14, 1779 during the
Revolutionary War. This battle enabled the revolutionists to halt the
British advance in Georgia after the capture of Savannah. According
to Samuel's great-grandson James Oliver Rosamond, Samuel served as a
scout and spy under the direction of Colonel Francis Mariion,
the "Swamp Fox".

A copy of Samuel's will is contained in another web page on this site
at http://rosamond.ourfamily.com/samswill.htm.

Several women have joined the DAR based on the Revolutionary War
record of Capt. Samuel Rosamond: Mrs. Josie Dean Rosamond HILBUN
(275253); Miss Nannie SULLIVANT; Mrs. Molly Rosamond SULLIVANT; Mrs.
Mary Rosamond RHYNE (251829); Mrs. Allison Sullivant GUYTON (254893) -
- - From 1965 DAR book.

In Feb 1785 when Samuel Null was 34, he married Sarah (Salley)
Hodges, H322, F, daughter of Richard Hodges, M & Elizabeth (Betty)
Jones, F, in South Carolina. Born ca 1765 in South Carolina. Sarah
(Salley) died in SC or MS on 24 Apr 1844, she was 79.

Ruth Menhel noted that Sarah's father also served in the
Revolutionary War. It is uncertain whether Sarah died in SC, or if
she traveled to Missisiippi with the family when they migrated in the
early 1800s.

-------------------------------------------------

WILL OF
SAMUEL ROSAMOND

State of South Carolina, Pendleton District

In the name of God, Amen. I, Samuel Rosamond, being in health
and of a disposing mind, do make this my last will and testament and
desire it may be received as such by all whom it may concern.

First, I do will and positively order that all my just debts
be paid.

Secondly, that the plantation whereon I now live consisting of
three small tracts with the mill thereon be sold as soon as
conveniency will admit of by my executors hereafter mentioned and
titles made to the same and that a plantation or tract of land at not
more than One Thousand Dollars price be purchased by them for my wife
and family to live on, either in Abbeville or Pendleton Districts,
convenient to some place of public worship such as they make choice
of , and at my wife's death or a second marriage to fall to my male
heirs. Notwithstanding, if my wife and family should incline to move
to some other place, they are hereby empowered to sell said land and
purchase other land for the same purpose in any other place in this
state or in any of the United States out of the monies arising from
the sale of such land and to receive titles to it for the above
mentioned purchase.

I will and order as soon as conveniency will allow my three
Negro women, Teeney, Tonny, and Sign, to be sold and that three other
young wenches be purchased in their places at not more than Twelve
Hundred Dollars price, and said Negroes and their increase, if any,
shall remain with my wife and family that remains with her and to be
under her direction for her benefit and the benefit of the family
that remains with her. Notwithstanding, it is put in the power of my
wife and executors, hereby, to dispose of to my children as they
marry or come of age a certain portion of the property that is with
the family so that that portion is not more than their equal divide
of such property.

As to Negro Peter, I allow to be sold or to remain with family as my
wife and executors shall find to answer best. If sold the monies
arising from his sale with the other money belonging to the estate to
be put to interest and to continue at interest until five of my
children are come of age or married and has issue. Then the half of
said money to be divided among the five and the remainder of the
money to remain at interest until the remaining children shall arrive
at such state as the first five when it shall be equally divided
amongst the minor children.

And whereas, Negro Will, by his late mistress' will, at my death has
the privilege of choosing his master or mistress amongst my children.
When he has made his choice and that one child has confirmed his
choice, he shall then be valued by Sovorin appraisers, and that child
shall take him as so much of their lawful divide, and whereas William
Pyle and his wife was given their choice of the two Negro girls that
they have yet the same privilege allowed them, the other girl shall
be accounted as part of the undivided estate.

I will and order to be sold one horse wagon and my two stills, my
desk and folding table with some other small articles, my stock of
cows and hogs with three horse creations, Snip Tomeny and a yard
filly, to remain with the family for their use, my books (Scots
Family Bible excepted which is to remain with the family) to be
divided into lots for my children and the eldest to have the first
choice and so on to the last. The land and negroes with other things
ordered to be sold upon a credit of two years paying interest for the
last year.

WILL OF SAMUEL ROSAMOND - PAGE 2 -

I will that every one of my children shall have at my wife's death
their part as the law in such case has provided except the land
mentioned in page first of this my will.

I hereby empower my executors to make titles to Robert Young for two
hundred and seventy nine acres of land sold to him in Abbeville,
where I formerly lived. Upon his paying up, the purchase money
according to bargain, I give to my two executors, hereafter, named
upon condition of their both acting the sum of Twenty Five Dollars
more than commission.

I do hereby appoint and ordain my son-in-law, William Pyles, of
Abbeville, and Robert McCan, Esquire, of Pendleton my executors in
witness whereof, I hereby do hereunto set my hand and seal this
Second Day of September and in the Year of Our Lord One Thousand
Eight Hundred and Eight.

Witness: John Westfield Saml Rosmamond (SEAL)

John Jones

Ambrose Jones

WILL OF SAMUEL ROSAMOND - Page 3 -

1 Codicil

I, Samuel Rosemon, in the foregoing or annexed last will and
testament having further considered the same do think proper to make
constitute and publish the following codicil thereto in the following
manner--

First, I will and request of my executors to dispose of the
plantation and lands whereon I now reside at public sale.

Secondly, I leave my Negro man, Will, to be disposed of according to
my will hearing date of September 2, 1808, and the residue of my
Negroes namely, Peter, Jim, and Dudly, with Tenah, Sinah, Jenny, and
Charlotte, are to be sold. And further, I give to my affectionate
wife all my household and kitchen furniture with six milk cows and
the stock of hogs that belongs to the mill-with a sufficient quantity
of corn for the support of the family for one year.

It is my will that my executors pay yearly to my affectionate wife,
Sarah Roseman, out of my estate, five pounds for each minor under age.

It further is my will that the grist mill be kept in good repair and
the expenses to be defrayed out of the income of the mill and the
remainder to go to the use of the family.

And, I do constitute Robert McCann, Esq. And Capt Barksdale Garrison,
my true and lawful executors to my last will and testament.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand Seal this 18th Day of
June 1812.

Witness present:

Wm Farip Saml Rosamond (SEAL)
his
Sam (X) Tucker
mark
David Thomas

Recorded in Will Book A, page 140
Recorded October 5, 1812
Proved October 5, 1812

John Harris, O.P.D.

Roll No. 582

REV. AND 1812
WAR SECTION

November 17,
1937

Mr. Louis C. Henry
1922 S. St., N.W.
Washington, D.C.

Sir:

I have to advise you from the papers in the Revolutionary War
Pension Claim W. 4579, it appears that Samuel Rosamond served as a
Lieutenant in Captain Crain Jones' Company, Colonel Robert Anderson's
South Carolina Regiment in 1782, he was appointed captain in same
regiment, he was at the Siege of Ninety-Six, and in an engagement at
Kettle Creek. Length of service not stated. (Last in different type.,
R. Menhel).

He married in 1785 or 1786 in Abbeville District, South
Carolina, Sarah Hodges. He died August 11, 1814 in Anderson District,
South Carolina, and she died April 24 or 25, 1844.

The following children were allowed the pension due their
mother

Elizabeth Phyles; Margaret, wife of Ezekiel Powell; Sarah,
wife of Barksdale Garrison; Lucinda, wife of Abner Clark; Jane, wife
of James S. Siddell; (note by R. Menel - believe this should be
Liddell) Addison Rosamond; Richard Rosamond: Mary Clark; and James
Rosamond, who was thirty-eight years old in 1845 and living in Walton
County, Georgia.

Respectfully,

WINFIELD SCOTT
Commissioner

State of Georgia} Special
Inferior Court
Walton County} January 14
Day 1845

On this day of January 1845, personally appeared before the
Honorable - the Inferior Court - held in and for said County and
State the same being a Court of ____________, Mr. James Rosamond, a
resident of said County and State aforesaid, aged 38 years past, who
being duly sworn according to law saith that the following statement
is true to the best of his knowledge and belief and according to the
information given him by his parents and which he verily believes to
be true____. That he is a son of Samuel and Sarah Rosamond, both now
deceased. That his father, the said Samuel Rosamond, was a soldier
and served in the War of the Revolution in the South Carolina
Militia. That he held the rank of Lieutenant and Captain in Col.
Anderson's regiment and for proof of the services of the said Samuel
Rosamond, he refers to the evidence hereto a______ed. Said James A.
further states that he is informed and believes that the said Samuel
and Sarah Rosamond, his parents, was legally married in Abbeville
District, South Carolina, on the day of Seventeen Hundred and Eighty
_________, And despondent further states that the said Samuel
Rosamond died on the 11th day of August 1814 in Anderson District,
South Carolina, leaving the said Sarah Rosamond his widow and that
she remained his widow to the period of her death. That she died on
the 25th day of April, Eighteen Hundred Forty-Four without every
applying for a pension, leaving Elizabeth Phyles; Ezekiel in right-of
wife, Margaret Powell; Barksdale in right-of wife, Sarah Garrison;
Abner in right-of wife, Lucinda Clark; James S. in right-of wife,
Jane Liddell/Siddell; Addison Rosamond; Richard Rosamond: Mary Clark;
and James Rosamond, this despondent, her only surviving children and
legal heirs then living. That this affiant was informed in the Winter
of 1844 that the Act of Congress of 7 July, 1838 gave pensions to the
widows of soldiers that were married prior to 1794 for the military
services of their husband. That this affiant made some ascertains
prior to the death of his said mother, Sarah Rosamond, by letters to
procure the necessary proof in order to procure her pension and that
she died on the day aforesaid and never made application for pension.
That he has qualified as administrator on the estate of his said
mother, Sarah Rosamond, and makes this Declaration to obtain the
pension due her at the time of her death.

James Rosamond

Sworn to and subscribed in open court on the day and year first
written before us and the said court do further certify that Mr.
James Rosamond is a _______ man of respectability. In testimony
whereof, the said court have hereunto set their hands officially this
_______ day of Aug ? 1845.

Attest Warren J. Hill, JJC
W.W. Howell, Clk IC? ? Johnson, JJC
? Briscoe, JJC

From source " A Collection of Upper South Carolina ..., V2"
"Samuel Anderson born ca. 1775 died April 5, 1828 lived in Laurens
Dist. until 1818 moved across river to Abbeville Dist. married Mary
Hinton daughter of Robert Hinton a Revolutionary soldier under Capt.
Sam Rosamond.

More About Samuel Null Rosamond:
Burial: Williamston, SC
Occupation: Farmer, Soldier

More About Samuel Rosamond and Sarah Hodges:
Marriage: Feb 1785, South Carolina

32 iv. James Rosamond, born Abt. 1754 in Augusta
County, Virginia; died Bef. 10 Jul 1806 in Abbeville District, SC;
married (1) Mary Daugherty; married (2) Lettice Tillman Abt. 1778.
v. Sarah F. Rosamond, born Bet. 1755 - 1775; died
in Prob Ripley County, Indiana; married Richard Hodges Jr. Abt. 1780
in South Carolina37; born Abt. 1756 in Jamestown County, Virginia;
died 17 Jan 1824 in Versailles, Ripley County, Indiana.

Notes for Sarah F. Rosamond:
(born between 1755-1762)

Sarah F. Rosamond, R255, F. Born ca 1760 in Augusta County, Virginia.

Believe the F. stands for Frances.

ca 1780 when Sarah F. was 20, she married Richard Hodges Jr., H322,
M, son of Richard Hodges, M & Elizabeth (Betty) Jones, F, in South
Carolina. Born ca 1756 in Jamestown County, Virginia. Richard died in
Versailles, Ripley County, Indiana bef 7 Jan 1824, he was 68. Buried
in Riley County, Indiana.

From a letter to Ruth Menhel from:
Mrs. Bernadeen Kamper, 13373 Plaza Del Ria, Apt. 2251, Peoria, AZ
85381.
Mrs. Kemper is the ggg-granddaughter of Richard and Sarah F.
(Rosamond) Hodges.

Marriage date for Sarah and Richard is 1779 or 1780. She shows Sarah
and Richard having ten children, although she did not list them. She
stated that DAR records show Richard Hodges as a private and a
lieutenant under Capt. Samuel Rosamond's Company in South Carolina.

-------------------------- In opposition to the above ----------------
------------
The 1820 census of Ripley County, Indiana shows Richard Hodges at age
less than 45, with a wife also at an age of less than 45. The 1830
census does not show Richard who died in 1824, but does show Rubin
Hodges, a son of Richard and Sarah. This census shows Rubin Hodges
with a female in the household between the ages of 50 - 60. If this
is his mother, these two records would indicate that Sarah was born
betwee 1770 and 1775.

Notes for Richard Hodges Jr.:
Turkey Creek Cemetery, Ripley County, IN

Investigation Topic:
In his will, Elijah Grimsley refers twice to his sister Sarah Hodges.
Once to his sister Sarah Hodges sons named Richard and John Hodges.
Capt Samuel Rosamond was one of the executors of the will (who was
married to Sarah Hodges) and the other executor was Richard Hodges
who was married to Samuel Rosamond's sister Sarah, thus she is also
Sarah Hodges. It would seem logical, although not certain, that he is
referring to one of these two women. Big question is how is he
connected to the family.

From source " A Collection of Upper South Carolina ..., V2"
GRIMSLY, ELIJAH. Box 107, Pack 2844. Probate Judge Office. Abbeville,
S.C. I Elijah Grimsly of Abbeville Dist. tho weak in body, yet of a
sound and perfect understanding and memory. I will and positively
order that all my debts be paid. I give to my dear and loving wife
the profits arising from the rent of 330 acres of land (being in the
state of N.C. in Dobs County and on Pettenting Creek) until my dtr.
Mary now an infant is of age, which land is in possession of my
brother John Grimsly with nine years arrear in rent, likewise all my
meat stock except one cow. I will <several words worn> horses with
all my household furniture, with the monies that has arose from the
sale of sixty barrels of corn left in possession of my brother John
Grimsly in N.C. also my crop of corn and tobacco at my sister Sarah
Hodges in Larance (sic) County. I give to my dtr. Mary Grimsly all my
land in N.C. in Dobs County, and 30 acres in Georgia State,
Washington County, waters of Broad River. If my dtr. should die
without issue or under age, the land in Georgia to desend to my
sister Sarah Hodges two sons Richard and John Hodges to be equally
divided between them, the land in N.C. to the nearest heir at law. I
appoint Samuel Rosamond Richard Hodges executors. I have this day the
1 Feb 1786. Signed Elijah X Grimsly. Wit: Ledford Payne, Robert
Swain, William X Hodges 96 Dist S. C. this day came Ledford Payne
before John Thomas. ((Note: Bottom of page may have been cut off so
more signatures may be there.))

More About Richard Hodges Jr.:
Burial: Ripley County, Indiana

Marriage Notes for Sarah Rosamond and Richard Jr.:
This marriage appears to be shown in "7500 Marriages ..." as taken
from Probate Court Records (PCR), reference B-1793. Book
shows "Rosamond, Sarah" married to "Hodges, " with no first name for
the groom. There were only two Sarah Rosamonds in Abbeville County at
this time, the Sarah who was married to Richard Hodges, and her
mother Sarah, the widow of John Roseman of Virginia. A copy of the
actual court record is needed to verify which, although it is highly
probable that this record is for Sarah and Richard Hodges.

More About Richard Jr. and Sarah Rosamond:
Marriage: Abt. 1780, South Carolina37

Generation No. 8

128. James "Jacob?" Rosemond, born 01 Jan 1653/54 in Basle,
Switzerland. He was the son of 256. Hans Ulrich Rosemond. He married
129. Ann d'Orr.
129. Ann d'Orr

Notes for James "Jacob?" Rosemond:
Sergeant James "Jacob?" Rosemond, R255, M. Born on 1 Jan 1654 in
Basle, Switzerland.

DISCLAIMER:
THIS IS THE SERGEANT ROSEMOND THAT THE SOUTHERN US ROSAMONDS ARE
SUPPOSED TO BE DESCENDED FROM. DESPITE FAMILY LEGEND THAT SAYS SGT.
ROSEMOND WAS AN ANCESTOR, THERE IS CURRENTLY NO PROOF THAT THIS
SERGEANT ROSAMOND IS THE FATHER, OR EVEN RELATED TO, JOHN ROSEMAN OF
VIRGINIA WHO MARRIED SARAH WILLSON IN AUGUSTA COUNTY VIRGINIA, AND IS
THE EARLIEST KNOWN ANCESTOR OF THE SOUTHERN ROSAMONDS IN THE US.

Despite any personal doubts about our connection to Sgt. James
Rosemond, and the doubts of several of my Rosamond research cousins,
I am carrying this Sergeant James Rosemond as our ancestor, if for no
other reason that to preserve the data about him. He is believed to
have been a Huguenot soldier that left France at the time of the
Edict of Nantes, and went to Holland, and then to Ireland where he
finally settled in County Leitrim, the birthplace of the parents of
Mary Jane Loya. Mary Jane's mother is an Irish Rosamond.

With regards to John and Sarah Roseman, their descendants throughout
the Southern United States use the spelling Rosamond. The book from
which the ancestry of Sergeant James Rosamond is taken said:

"In the Southern states among those identified with our line in
Ireland, the form "Rosamond" prevails as it does in England and
Canada..."

This would indicate that the Southern Rosamonds are from the same
line, but again no documented proof has been found. One other
doucment references Huguenot ancestry, and that is a newspaper
article from Alabama concerning William Capers Rosamond who died in
1903. The article was written during his lifetime, i.e. before 1903,
and it references his Huguenot ancestry and the Edict of Nantes. It
also mentions the family came from Virginia, which was not in the
records of William Sam Rosamond. So, the family believed in the
Huguenot ancestry just 3-4 generations

THE ROSAMOND BOOK BY LELAND EUGENE ROSEMOND DOES REFERENCE BENNETT
ROSAMOND WHICH TIES THE FAMILY OF MARY JANE LOYA DIRECTLY TO THIS
SERGEANT ROSAMOND.

I have copied this ancestry into the file showing the family tree of
Mary Jane Loya. This genealogy appears to be valid for that line of
the family.

Children of James Rosemond and Ann d'Orr are:
i. Nathaniel Rosamond, born in Poss County
Leitrim, Ireland; died Abt. 1776 in Poss South Carolina.

Notes for Nathaniel Rosamond:
Nathaniel died ca 1776 in South Carolina ? Buried in South Carolina ?
Occupation: Farmer, Soldier.

Reported to have died in the Revolutionary War.

More About Nathaniel Rosamond:
Burial: South Carolina ?
Occupation: Farmer, Soldier

ii. Unknown Rosemond, born in Poss County
Leitrim, Ireland; died in Poss County Leitrim, Ireland.

Notes for Unknown Rosemond:
It is reported by some family memnbers, but unproved, that the third
son's name was William. According to one researcher William came to
the States but stayed only five years, then returned to Ireland.

Again speculation, this William may have moved to England and settled
in the textile district of Bethnal Green near London. The father of
Bob Rosamond (Bob is currently living in Nottingham, England, UK-his
father deceased) traced his family line back to a William Rosamond,
and their family has the same tradition of being descended from a
Huguenot refugee at the time of the revocation of the Edict of Nantes
as does my own, and that of Mary Jane Loya.

64 iii. John Rosamond, born Abt. 1710 in Poss
County Leitrim, Ireland; died Abt. 1789 in Prob Abbebille County,
South Carolina; married Sarah Willson Abt. 1740 in Augusta County,
Virginia.

130. Thomas Willson, born 1695 in Londonderry, Ireland; died
Bef. 18 May 1773 in Fairfield, Augusta County, Virginia. He was the
son of 260. Robert Willson and 261. Jane Lee. He married 131.
Elizabeth Dinwiddie Abt. 1718.
131. Elizabeth Dinwiddie, born Bef. Oct 1695 in Glasgow,
Lanark, Scotland.

More About Thomas Willson and Elizabeth Dinwiddie:
Marriage: Abt. 1718

Children of Thomas Willson and Elizabeth Dinwiddie are:
i. Matthew Wilson, born Abt. 1718; died Aft. 1783
in Virginia.

Notes for Matthew Wilson:
Amherst or Botetort County

ii. Samuel Willson, born Abt. 1720; died 1826;
married Mary McKee 28 Oct 1778 in Rockbridge County, Virginia.

Marriage Notes for Samuel Willson and Mary McKee:
James Patton was Samuel's bondsman for his marriage in 1778.

More About Samuel Willson and Mary McKee:
Marriage: 28 Oct 1778, Rockbridge County, Virginia

iii. Nathaniel Willson, born Abt. 1724; died
1818; married Eleanor ?.
65 iv. Sarah Willson, born Abt. 1726 in County
Antrim, Ireland; died Bet. 1790 - 1800 in Prob Abbebille County,
South Carolina; married John Rosamond Abt. 1740 in Augusta County,
Virginia.
v. Rebeckah Willson, born Abt. 1728; died 15 Feb
1820; married James Willson 1750 in Pennsylvania; born 1715 in
Ireland; died 20 Aug 1809.

More About James Willson and Rebeckah Willson:
Marriage: 1750, Pennsylvania

vi. Martha Wilson, born Abt. 1736.
vii. Elizabeth Wilson, born Abt. 1738.
viii. Rhoda Wilson, born Abt. 1740.

Generation No. 9

256. Hans Ulrich Rosemond, born 1623. He was the son of 512.
Hans Rosemond.

Notes for Hans Ulrich Rosemond:
Occupation: Weaver.

The will of Hans Ulrich Rosemond was read and probated in Basle,
Switzerland in 1679.

More About Hans Ulrich Rosemond:
Occupation: Weaver

Child of Hans Ulrich Rosemond is:
128 i. James "Jacob?" Rosemond, born 01 Jan
1653/54 in Basle, Switzerland; married Ann d'Orr.

260. Robert Willson, born Aft. 1665 in Edinburgh, Scotland;
died Aft. 03 Nov 1745 in Augusta County, Virginia. He married 261.
Jane Lee.
261. Jane Lee, born 07 Nov 1672 in Edinburgh, Scotland; died
Aft. 1746 in Augusta County, Virginia. She was the daughter of 522.
Thomas Lee and 523. Anne Davis.

Children of Robert Willson and Jane Lee are:
i. Matthew Willson, born Abt. 1694 in
Londonderry, Ireland; died Abt. 1720 in Off the coast of France;
married ? ?; died Abt. 1720 in Off the coast of France.
130 ii. Thomas Willson, born 1695 in Londonderry,
Ireland; died Bef. 18 May 1773 in Fairfield, Augusta County,
Virginia; married Elizabeth Dinwiddie Abt. 1718.
iii. John Willson, born Abt. 1701 in Londonderry,
Ireland; died Bef. 16 Mar 1773 in Augusta County, Virginia; married
Martha Crouchman; born 1695 in Londonderry, Ireland; died 10 Jul 1755
in Augusta County, Virginia.

Notes for Martha Crouchman:
Old Glebe Cemetery

More About Martha Crouchman:
Burial: Augusta County, Virginia

iv. Janet Willson, born Abt. 1702; married ?
Holmes.
v. Robert Willson, born Abt. 1704; died Aft.
1788; married Rachel ?.
vi. Catherine Willson, born Abt. 1705; married
James Bell; born Abt. 1700.
vii. Eliazbeth Willson, born Abt. 1706.
viii. Jane Willson, born Abt. 1707.
ix. Frances Willson, born Abt. 1708.

Generation No. 10

512. Hans Rosemond, born 1581. He was the son of 1024. Fred
Rosemond.

Notes for Hans Rosemond:
Occupation: Weaver

More About Hans Rosemond:
Occupation: Weaver

Child of Hans Rosemond is:
256 i. Hans Ulrich Rosemond, born 1623.

522. Thomas Lee He married 523. Anne Davis.
523. Anne Davis

Child of Thomas Lee and Anne Davis is:
261 i. Jane Lee, born 07 Nov 1672 in Edinburgh,
Scotland; died Aft. 1746 in Augusta County, Virginia; married Robert
Willson.

Generation No. 11

1024. Fred Rosemond, born 1552. He was the son of 2048. Hans
Rosemond.

Notes for Fred Rosemond:
Occupation: Weaver, Member of Town Council, Captain in local militia.

More About Fred Rosemond:
Occupation: Weaver, Member of Town Council, Captain in local militia

Child of Fred Rosemond is:
512 i. Hans Rosemond, born 1581.

Generation No. 12

2048. Hans Rosemond He was the son of 4096. Erhart de
Rougemont.

Notes for Hans Rosemond:
Occupation: Weaver.

Became a citizen of Basle, Switzerland in 1534.

A family Coat of Arms was registered in Basle about 1537 when this
Hans Rosemond became a citizen there.

More About Hans Rosemond:
Occupation: Weaver

Child of Hans Rosemond is:
1024 i. Fred Rosemond, born 1552.

Generation No. 13

4096. Erhart de Rougemont, born Bef. 1495.

Notes for Erhart de Rougemont:
Erhart de Rougemont, in 1495 bought "the house called Rebleuten-Zunft
in Basle in the Freistrasse."

Research by Peter Rosemond of Holland shows a record from the Records
Office in Basle that says "before Basle the family resided in Holland
up to 1338, and it is said they descended from the estate Rosemont,
near Belfort, in France, where also the village Rougemont is found.

Child of Erhart de Rougemont is:
2048 i. Hans Rosemond.

Endnotes

1. World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918 , Frank Wesley
Rosamond, Ancestry.com.
2. John A Barry Household, 1910 US Census, Ventura County,
California, Series: T624; Roll: 111; Page: 202A; Enumeration
District: 219; Part: 3; Line: 15., Royal F Rosamond, w, m, age 28,
listed as a lodger, occupation Writer short stories.
3. William Spaulding household, 1900 US Census, Lewis & Clarke
County, Montana, Roll: T623 912, Page 6B, ED 172, Line 6; , Frank
Rosamond, W, M, age 18, b. Dec 1881, Relationship to Head of
Household-coachman. Ancestry.com.
4. Frank W Rosamond household, 1930 US Federal Census, Ventura
County, California, Roll: 227; Page: 15B; Enumeration District: 26;
Image: 852.0., Ancestry.com; Record indicates that Frank W Rosamond
and Mary M were married when Frank W was age 28.
5. 1900 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com. 1900 U.S. Federal
Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT: MyFamily.com, Inc., 2004.
Original data: United States. 1900 United States Federal Census.
T623, 1854 rolls. National Archives and Records Administration,
Washington D.C. Greer, Oklahoma, ED 82, roll T623 1337, page 19A.
6. Household of Samuel Rosamond, 1860 US Federal Census, Choctaw
County, MS.
7. Household of Frances Rosamond, 1870 US Federal Census, Fayette
County, Illinois.
8. Frances Rosamond Household, 1880 US Federal Census, Bates County,
Missouri, Roll: T9_673; Family History Film: 1254673; Page: 182.3000;
Enumeration District: 157; Household 159, Family 177; Ancestry.com.
9. William Thomas Rosamond Household, 1910 US Federal Census, Choctaw
County, MS, Series: T624; Roll: 735; Page: 263A; Enumeration
District: 52; Part: 1; Line: 11., Ancestry.com.
10. 1900 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com. 1900 U.S.
Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT: MyFamily.com, Inc.,
2004. Original data: United States. 1900 United States Federal
Census. T623, 1854 rolls. National Archives and Records
Administration, Washington D.C. Greer, Oklahoma, ED 82, roll T623
1337, page 19A.
11. Missouri Marriages, 1851-1900 Record, Dodd, Jordan, Liahona
Research, comp. [database online] Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000.
12. Household of Samuel Rosamond, 1860 US Federal Census, Choctaw
County, MS, Township 18, Choctaw, Mississippi; Roll: M653_579; Page
311, Household 865 Family 834, Ancestry.com Image 314.
13. Household of Frances Rosamond, 1870 US Federal Census, Fayette
County, Illinois.
14. 1900 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com. 1900 U.S.
Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT: MyFamily.com, Inc.,
2004. Original data: United States. 1900 United States Federal
Census. T623, 1854 rolls. National Archives and Records
Administration, Washington D.C. Greer, Oklahoma, ED 82, roll T623
1337, page 19A.
15. Missouri Marriages, 1851-1900 Record, Dodd, Jordan, Liahona
Research, comp. [database online] Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000.
16. Household of Samuel Rosamond, 1860 US Federal Census, Choctaw
County, MS, Township 18, Choctaw, Mississippi; Roll: M653_579; Page
311, Household 865 Family 834, Ancestry.com Image 314.
17. Household of Frances Rosamond, 1870 US Federal Census, Fayette
County, Illinois, Roll: M593_220; Page: 625, Household 58, Family 58,
Ancestry.com.
18. Household of Benjamin Rosamond; 1850 US Federal Census, Attala
County, MS, Township 13 R 6 E; Roll: M432_368; Page: 126; Image: 301,
Digital Image. Ancestry.com online database.
19. Household of Benjamin Rosamond; 1850 US Federal Census, Attala
County, MS, Township 13 R 6 E; Roll: M432_368; Page: 126; Image: 301.
20. H.L. Watson, Our Old Roads, (Abbeville Books).
21. Email from Gwen Rosamond Forrester to Jimmy Rosamond, 21 Jan
1998, Email Address gmforrester <at> centuryinter.net. (Gwendolyn Elaine
Rosamond Forrester is one of the leading reaserachers into the
Rosamond Family History. Sources for her data are in her possession.).
22. Email from Diane Atkinson to Jimmy Rosamond; 11 Sep 1996, Email
Address Diane5067 <at> aol.com.
23. Household of Samuel E Rosamond; 1850 US Federal Census, Attala
Co, MS, Township 14 R 6 E; Roll: M432_368; Page: 127; Image: 302.
24. Household of Samuel E Rosamond; 1860 US Federal Census, Attala
Co, MS, Township 14 Range 5, Post Office Bluff Springs; Roll:
M653_577; Page: 0; Image: 453, Digital Image. Ancestry.com online
database..
25. Household of Samuel E Rosamond; 1850 US Federal Census, Attala
Co, MS, Township 14 R 6 E; Roll: M432_368; Page: 127; Image: 302.
26. Equity Records of Old 96 and Abbeville District, as on file in
the Abbevilles Courthouse, SC, Pgs. 94-98.
27. Pursley, Larry E, Compiler, "7500 Marriages from Ninety-Six and
Abbeville District, S>C>, 1774-1890", Easley, SC: Southern Historical
Press, 1980, pg. 88.
28. Email from Diane Atkinson to Jimmy Rosamond; 11 Sep 1996, Email
Address Diane5067 <at> aol.com.
29. Household of Samuel E Rosamond; 1850 US Federal Census, Attala
Co, MS, Township 14 R 6 E; Roll: M432_368; Page: 127; Image: 302.
30. Household of Samuel E Rosamond; 1860 US Federal Census, Attala
Co, MS, Township 14 Range 5, Post Office Bluff Springs; Roll:
M653_577; Page: 0; Image: 453.
31. Household of Samuel E Rosamond; 1850 US Federal Census, Attala
Co, MS, Township 14 R 6 E; Roll: M432_368; Page: 127; Image: 302.
32. Lyman Chalkley, Chronicles of the Scotch-Irish Settlement in
Virginia, Online Edition, http://www.rootsweb.com/~chalkley/, Volume
1, Augusta County Court Records, ORDER BOOK No. II. AUGUST 24, 1749. .
33. Lyman Chalkley, Chronicles of the Scotch-Irish Settlement in
Virginia, Vol 3, pp 10-19, Augusta County Records, Page 226.--28th
October, 1749.
34. Lyman Chalkley, Chronicles of the Scotch-Irish Settlement in
Virginia, Online Edition, http://www.rootsweb.com/~chalkley/, Vol 2,
pp 410 - 419, 1750.
35. Wooley, James E, Editor, "A Collection of Upper South Carolina
Genealogical and Family Records", Easley, SC: Southern Historical
Press, 1981, V2.
36. National Genealogical Society Quarterly, Vol __, Dated ___, pg
131, "Records of Samuel Rosamond and John Hodges from Pension
Applications."
37. Pursley, Larry E, Compiler, "7500 Marriages from Ninety-Six and
Abbeville District, S>C>, 1774-1890", Easley, SC: Southern Historical
Press, 1980, pg. 89.

Royal Rosamond and the California Venus
The Oklahoma Historic Society sent me material on my grandfather,
Royal Rosamond. This is from the jacket of one of his books.
"Royal Rosamond arrived in Oklahoma City via Missouri, his native
state, late in April 1940, to find employment with the Oklahoma
Publishing Company, and is with them at this writing. Shortly after
his arrival R.R. established himself for the pursual of his hobby,
the writing of humoresque literature in his attic studio, 300
Washington.
In 1945 his 'Bound in This Clay', the world's greatest piece of Ozark
humor, earned him a place in Who's Who in America. With 1946, came
for this Ozark Moonshiner, membership in the Mark Twain Society. He
is the author of fourteen books and booklets, some twenty published
short stories, numerous poems. He is a prodigy, never having attended
school after twelve years of age. His mother died when when he was
nine; his father ddeserted him, age ten. Courage is the watchword;
hard work his mainstay; clean food and living his prescription."
Royal Rosamond was the proprietor of the first general stone in
Ventura by the Sea. His wife and four beautiful daughters could walk
to the ocean, this infinite vista just a couple of hundred yards from
their home. Royal would take his California women to the top of a
bluff and share his dreams with them. Can you see his four Roses of
the World sunbathing together on the beach?

Royal shared his dream with the world, he publishing them in
magazines such as Liberty and Out West. This is the beginning of an
article he wrote (1927?) for Out West titled `Camping on Anacapa'.

"It was a glorious summer morning at the Chautanqua at Ventura-by-the-
sea. A breeze wafted in from the old ocean, laden with mysterious
odors – a salt tang – as welcome as it was invigorating.

As far as the eye could reach, a cobalt mist clung to the bosom of
the sea, above which the peaks and slopes of the Anacapa Islands
appeared, heightened by the uncertain thickness of fog. To the right,
on the high plateau, but a few rods from the beach, "Pierpont Inn",
that wonderful hostelry stood like an old lion looking out to sea.

Although early, the bathers were sporting in the surf, shouting their
happiness above the thunder and roar of the breakers. A maiden in a
bathing suit of translucent green came dripping from the surf,
seating herself near where the waves were spreading out like great
fans, she began to arrange, with deft fingers, the massive coils of
golden hair.

Suddenly, a great wave rose up, curved and spilled, and the contour
of her slender body was caught in sharp relief against the foam – a
vision of jade and ivory and gold perched imperiously beyond the
waves."

My grandfather painted landscapes and seascapes with words. He bought
a camera and taught himself how to use it. Royal took the photo of
the two girls (June and Bertha) looking out the window as if waiting
fro their father to come home. This is the Genesis of Christine
Rosamond's gift, and my own.

A couple of months after Christine's death, Stacey Pierrot told me
she and Sydney Morris entered my sister's home to begin to clear it.
On a table by the front window, amongst the whithered and dying
plants that will never get watered, was Rosamond's ashes in a urn.
Pierrot said it was like she was waiting by the window for someone to
come home.

A couple of weeks later when I went down to L.A. see Rosemary, I had
her call Morris. He told my mother that the house was completely
empty, but for a large box of the family photos. He asked he if she
wanted them, and if not, he was going to throw them out. There was an
incredulous silence, and;

"Of course I want them."
The biography that Sydney Morris blessed, utterly trashed my family,
and my late sister. Why! There was very little money generated for
the heirs. Only Vicki was spared, she made out to be the hero because
she began to give Christine's artistic and literary legacy away to
outsiders the very day our sister drowned. She even stole Christine's
journal that Tom Snyder declared was not fit for human consumption,
it containing "the ideations of a woman that was not well when she
wrote them."
This is what they did to a world famous Venus, born of beautiful
women who rose from the torquoise waves at Ventura-by- the sea.
http://rougeknights.blogspot.com/2006_05_01_archive.html

Before we were Artists, Poets, and Novelists, we were Tailors,
Weavers, and Crusader Knights. In the Rosenmund family crest we see
two roses planted upon a green mountain that I believe represents
Basel. Between them is planted a cross which made up of a weaving
needle. This is called a family brand. According to family legend my
Rosamond/Rougemont ancestors were weavers who wore this emblem pinned
to their tunics when they went on crusade. I titled this a family
legend because the proof of this event has not yet been found. If my
ancestors did go on Crusade, they more then likely accompanied
Baldwin of Flanders who was the first King of Jerusalem. It was from
Flanders the Rosenmund family came to live to take up residenance in
Rougemont Switzerland.. To quote from the small book on the Rosamond
family;

"Peter Rosemond further reported information from the Records Office
in Basle that "before Basle the family resided in Holland up to 1338,
and it is said they descended from the estate Rosemont, near Belfort,
in France, where also the village Rougemont is found."

http://www.baselland.ch/docs/archive/wappen/coa575.htm

By royal family links, Burgundy was united with Flanders in 1384, and
the rulers of Burgundy immediately moved their capital to Flanders.
The Counsel of Flanders was relocated from Lille to Ghent. Here,
along with the city of Bruges and Ypres, was found the heart of
Europe's textile industry. Though I am not an expert when it comes to
Heraldry, I put forth a theory that the Rosenmunds were a Flemish
family who came to dwell on "Red Mountain" also called Rosemont, and
thus the meaning of the two roses. The Rosenmunds may have been
invited there by the Dukes of Burgundy and the Franche-Comte in order
to plant their weaving trade there, taking advantage of the sheep
grazing there. The Dukes of Burgundy protected the weavers of
Flanders who were dependant upon the wool of England that was shipped
to Flanders to be woven and dyed. This is why there was an alliance
between England and Burgundy, against France, who moved into Flanders
in an attempt to take control this area and the textile industry.
This resulted in the battle of Golden Spurs that was won by the
Flemish Guilds who rushed to the aid of the Count of Flanders and
drove out King Philip 1V of France whose knight occupied the whole of
Flanders. For doing this, the guilds were granted complete autonomy
and co-governance of the towns. The Rosenmund family belonged to two
guilds that I did not know of. Did they belong to one of the textile
guilds of Flanders.

This James (or Jacob, for these names were once interchangeable) was
the son of Hans Ulrich Rosemond, born 1623, a weaver; who was a son
of Hans, a weaver, born 1581; who was a son of Fred Rosemond, born
1552, a weaver, member of town council and a local captain; who was
the son of another Hans whose date of birth is not known, but he too,
was a weaver and became a citizen of Basle in 1534. His father was
Erhart de Rougemont who bought in 1495 "the house called Rebleuten-
Zunft in Basle in the Freistrasse.'

Before I discuss the EE Rebleuten-Zunft guild, here is what may
constitute the Rosenmund Family Grail. It is found amongst the
treasure of the EE Gerber-Zunft

http://www.gerbernzunft.ch/index.php?id=23
http://www.gerbernzunft.ch/index.php?id=19

Our Guild Treasure

Our guild treasure consists of several articles which are taken out
again and again for different ceremonies. During the year these
articles are in the Obhut our historical museum which provides
maintain and of the following articles:

Small lion
Large lions
Coat of arms board
Coat of arms book
Rosenmund cup
Master chain
Banner
Coat of arms disk

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Joel Gomes | 9 Mar 2007 20:51

off topic : it can be my TV show - if you help

if you don't know it yet already, my partner in writing is the guy
behind that portuguese video on youtube about a group of friends that
give a ride to a girl who turns out to be a ghost.

(here's a subtitled version if you haven't seen it yet:
http://youtube.com/watch?v=sF7mh1dgJ2k)

we wrote a TV show based on the portuguese supernatural one year prior
to that movie. now we are looking for everyone's support to make it
real.

all you need to do is visit this site: www.acurva.net and send an e-
mail to the TV networks shown there demanding this show to be produced.

thanks.

joel gomes

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Jon Presco | 11 Mar 2007 17:18

Battle of Golden Spurs

I find it hard to believe the Templars did not see their demise
coming. If they did, then they would brace themselves after
retreating to a friendly nation (s). The Teutonic Knights made such a
retreat into Estonia after becoming a secular order that no longer
subscribed to the Papal mumbo-jumbo.

I am looking at Holland and Flanders and the Battle of Golden Spurs.
Did the Templars keep this small nation from being swollowed up by
France, and thus the Papacy? From Holland, William of Orange will
launch a Protestant army against the Catholic church.

It is alleged the Templars helped the weavers of Bruges defeat the
French army.

Jon

"The beginning of the end

During almost two centuries, the counts of Flanders and Flemish in
general, maintained the very friendly relations with Templiers. May
first, 1302 for example, the inhabitants of Bruges raise themselves
against the king of France during "Crossbred of Bruges". Laurent
Dailliez claims that a certain brother of Boinem or Boyenem [20],
commander of the Temple with Slijpe, was the chief of this revolt.
Two months later, a nonprofessional Flemish army, made up members of
the communal militia, crushed the army of the knights of King de
France with Courtrai (Kortrijk). Again according to Laurent Dailliez,
certain Gossuin of Bruges [21] carried out the Flemish troops. This
Gossuin of Bruges was the last commander of the Temple in Flanders.
The presence of Templiers in 1302 on this battle field, this
famous "Battle of the Gold Spurs", is the subject many discussions.
For the moment, the evidence misses to us to confirm or cancel this
assumption [22]. What I can affirm with more certainty, it is that
the "godendac", this weapon which led Flemish to the victory, was
introduced into the area by crossed and most probably by Templiers.
The arrest of Templiers in 1307 was not carried out without problems.
The Count of Flanders, Godefroy de Béthune, straightforwardly refused
to stop Templiers. In Ypres, a text of origin maconnic (and thus not
very reliable) speaks about a wild battle between Templiers and the
soldiers of the king [23]. The majority of Templiers of Flanders and
other provinces were released after the investigations. Much
Templiers, coming from Flanders and Hainaut went in February and
March 1310 to Paris, in order to defend their Order.

The Order of the Temple in Belgium

Source: Jan HOSTEN - www.tempeliers.be

An outstanding beginning in Flanders

The history of Templiers in Belgium starts in Ypres (Ieper) since
1128. Little time after the approval of the Rule of the Order at the
time of the council of Troyes, Hugues de Payens and Geoffroy de Saint-
Omer melts a house there January 13, 1128. Part of the suburb of the
city, named "Upstal", belonged to Geoffroy by heritage. Annals of
Ypres speak about fifteen monks for the year 1128, thirteen brothers,
a superior and a chaplain [1]. This note in the history of the town
of Ypres shows that one of the first commanderies templières in
occident was most probably located in the county of Flanders.
Moreover, the presence of fifteen Templiers in the house of Ypres
since 1128 proves again that Templiers did not remain with new during
nine years. Shortly after the foundation of the house of Ypres, the
founders of the Order receive in donation the stronghold of Bas-
Warneton September 15, 1128 [2]. The commandery of Bas-Warneton
depended directly on the major commandery of Ypres. After Bas-
Warneton in Hainaut, the founders of the Order receive the
commanderies of Cassel and Saint-Omer which are currently in France
[3].
In 1131, Slijpe (Slype), second commandery of the bailliage templier
of Flanders, is born.
Located in the middle of new grounds gained on the sea, this
commandery quickly becomes an establishment templière of great
importance. At the same time, the commandery close to Leffinge is
founded [4]. A third commandery dates from the same year, that of the
Hedge lez Lille, whose territory is currently in France. Three years
after the council of Troyes, the Flanders counted already seven
commanderies.
It should be also specified that in 1128, after the murder of the
count Charles the Good [5], the Flanders burns. The king of France
designates Guillaume of Normandy (or Guillaume Cliton [6]) like new
count to give from the order in this stronghold. But Philippe of
Alsace asserts also the title of count. In these times of
uncertainty, the count Guillaume makes a considerable gift in
Templiers, in particular the relief of his strongholds [7]. After the
death of Guillaume of Normandy [8] at the time of head office of
Aalst (Alost), on July 11, 1128, its Thierry adversary of Alsace
becomes count and immediately confirms the gift of the relief of the
strongholds makes in Templiers. It is thus certain that the counts of
Flanders could count on the military power of the monk-knights [9].
Shortly after the foundation of the commanderies of Slijpe and
Leffinge, one finds a house dependent on this commandery with a vault
with Steene [10]. In spite of its importance, Slijpe was not the
commandery den mother of the Order in Flanders; this one was always
in Ypres. Nevertheless, Slijpe became during XII ème and XIII ème
centuries, the most powerful establishment templière in Flanders,
having commanderies and houses of Duinkerke in France (Dunkirk),
towards Brugge (Bruges) and Race (Ghent) until Sint-Niklaas (Saint
Nicolas's Day), more than 150 km as the crow flies separate the first
from the last.
The commandery of Race (Ghent) was founded around the year 1180 [11].
This house with a vault did not have great importance, it was useful
especially like place of meeting.
The templière presence in Bruges (Brugge) concentrates in Scheepsdale
and Sint-Pieter-COp-den-Dijk. These goods were located at the north
of the city. Thus, Templiers "controlled" the river traffic more or
less coming and on the basis of Brugge. They amongst other things
charged the rights of toll on the transport of wood between Zeebrugge
and Brugge. It is necessary well to carry out the width of such a
right, because Brugge was at the time of Templiers the largest
commercial city of the North of Europe [12].
The continuation in Wallonia
In 1157, we find traces of Templiers in Hainaut with the commandery
of Saint-Leger [13]. On this important commandery depended directly
on the houses and barns with Anzegem and Audenaarde for the Flanders
with Templeuve, Tournai and Rumes (1213) for Hainaut as well as the
commandery of Fliémet, close to Mons. The templières activities in
Fliémet (Hainaut) start since 1142 with a donation of goods with
Frameries made by the count de Hainaut, Baudouin IV [14]. In 1163, an
act mentions house with Pedestrian-Vernoit. It is only after
Templiers, at the time of the Hospital ones, that this house will
become a true commandery.
In Wavre (Walloon turnwrest plow), the commandery of New Court
probably goes back to 1183 [15]. The impressive building remains
until our days, but it underwent many restorations due to the
Hospital ones. Less than ten years later, in 1191, the commandery of
Hargimont was founded, thanks to a donation of the dukes of Lorraine-
Luxembourg. The templier field of Hargimont formed a whole village,
with certain rights for the peasants. The templière presence with
Villers-the-Temple is the obviousness even. This commandery is one of
most important from the historical point of view. It had under its
wings, amongst other things the commanderies and houses of Strée,
Hargimont, Huy and Liege. The key character who gave the fame to this
place is Gerard de Villers, founder and commander of Villers-the-
Temple. The tomb stone of Gerard de Villers is the only one
representing a templier out of dress of house at the time of death
[16]. The funeral image of Gerard de Villers became the model of many
reproductions of the dress templier. The commandery of Aimed depended
on that of Villers-the-Temple and date probably of the beginning of
the XIII ème century [17].
The commandery of Vaillampont appears for the first time in 1209, at
the time of the confirmation of a gift by the count Henri Ier of
Lorraine [18]. Laurent Dailliez claims that Templiers appeared later
in the area of Bubbles only in Flanders or Champagne. At the
beginning of the XIII ème century, Templiers de Vaillampont received
many gifts on behalf of the local lords. The possessions of
Vaillampont extended from Fliémet and Pedestrian towards Leuwen
(Leuven) and Hargimont.
About the middle of the XIII ème century, the waves of donations were
calmed. Commandery of Gistel (Ghistel) in Flanders, date probably of
the this period [19]. The provincial chapter of 1257 speaks about a
commandery with a vault.
The beginning of the end
During almost two centuries, the counts of Flanders and Flemish in
general, maintained the very friendly relations with Templiers. May
first, 1302 for example, the inhabitants of Bruges raise themselves
against the king of France during "Crossbred of Bruges". Laurent
Dailliez claims that a certain brother of Boinem or Boyenem [20],
commander of the Temple with Slijpe, was the chief of this revolt.
Two months later, a nonprofessional Flemish army, made up members of
the communal militia, crushed the army of the knights of King de
France with Courtrai (Kortrijk). Again according to Laurent Dailliez,
certain Gossuin of Bruges [21] carried out the Flemish troops. This
Gossuin of Bruges was the last commander of the Temple in Flanders.
The presence of Templiers in 1302 on this battle field, this
famous "Battle of the Gold Spurs", is the subject many discussions.
For the moment, the evidence misses to us to confirm or cancel this
assumption [22]. What I can affirm with more certainty, it is that
the "godendac", this weapon which led Flemish to the victory, was
introduced into the area by crossed and most probably by Templiers.
The arrest of Templiers in 1307 was not carried out without problems.
The Count of Flanders, Godefroy de Béthune, straightforwardly refused
to stop Templiers. In Ypres, a text of origin maconnic (and thus not
very reliable) speaks about a wild battle between Templiers and the
soldiers of the king [23]. The majority of Templiers of Flanders and
other provinces were released after the investigations. Much
Templiers, coming from Flanders and Hainaut went in February and
March 1310 to Paris, in order to defend their Order.
The best example is Bernard de Caestre, who refused to disavow the
Order of the Temple and which was also presented in Paris in 1310 to
defend the Temple. After the dissolution of the Order, it joined the
Hospital ones and about 1322, one finds it like commander of about
Midsummer's Day with Caestre.
The heritage
If Templiers left traces in Belgium, they are especially etymological
and toponymic traces. Some people still bear the name "Tempelaere"
or "Tempels" (Templier or of the Temple) and almost each city in its
clean "Tempelstraat" or "Tempeliersstraat" (Street of the Temple or
Templiers).
But if one speaks about the buildings, about 1307, the Flanders
counted more than ten commanderies [24], of tens of houses and still
much more barns. A bad coincidence would like that the First World
War strikes most extremely where Templiers were established in
Belgium.
The belfry of the markets of the town of Ypres burned under the
German bombardments of the First World War. A true treasure of files
on Templiers with Ypres was lost for always at the time of this fire.
During the First World War, enormously of commanderies were
destroyed. In Wallonia, several beautiful commanderies remained
almost intact like those of Saint-Leger, Wavre and Hargimont. In
Flanders, it is necessary to be satisfied with the commandery of West-
Vleteren.
The existence of the commandery of New-Short in Wavre is due to a
gift which Godefroid made 1st, duke of the Brabant, in Templiers
between 1130 and 1140.
This field, located at the north of the town of Wavre,
included/understood a hundred hectares of grounds, as well as marshes
and grazing grounds.
The commandery that Templiers installed at this place made it
possible them to exploit and develop all these grounds and was
dependent on the commandery of Vaillampont close to Bubbles.

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Jon Presco | 14 Mar 2007 23:07

The Swan Knight

The Swan Knight
The Knight Templars
The Weavers of Ghent &
Procession of the Holy Blood

http://rougeknights.blogspot.com/

"Lord, do not chide me! I wish to know, for our children's sake,
whence you were born; for my heart tells me that you are of high
rank." When the day broke, Lohengrin declared in public whence he had
come, that Parsifal was his father, and God had sent him from the
Grail."

(Images: Swan Knight. Weavers of Ghent. Procession of the Holy Blood.
Drop of Jesus' blood. Rosamond with clue of the red yarn.)

"Under the Scottish kings David I (1124-53) and Malcolm IV (1153-65)
a program was devised with the Flemish counts, Thierry (1128-63) and
his son Philip d' Alsace (1163-91) to settle Flemish immigrants in
Scotland in order to build up urban cloth centers in Scotland, as
existed in Flanders. "

"Annually since the year 1150, the historic city of Bruges has been
attracting thousands of visitors to one of the great religious
pageants in Europe, the Holy Blood Procession. For eight centuries
the relic has been venerated by a mile-long procession of 1,500
Bruges citizens, many in the colorful medieval garb of Crusader or
knight. The relic of the Holy Blood was brought to Bruges by Thierry
d'Alsace, Count of Flanders in 1149, presumably given to him by the
Patriarch of Jerusalem in recognition of his contribution to the
First Crusade in the Holly Land."

There are several theories that suggest that the Knights Templar were
at the Battle of Golden Spurs and led the confederacy of Weavers and
Clothes Merchants to victory against the French army of Philip IV
who in 1302 was trying to seize the cloth industry. In 1307, King
Philip would try to seize the wealth of the Knights Templars, he
oppressing this order as cruelly as he had done to the weavers of
Flanders. This suggests there was a strong tie between the weavers
and the Templars who came from a noble class.

The author of the Rutherford Clan pages says this about laws
forbidding marriages outside of ones own class. "Flemish law forbade
noble men and women to marry outside their own class. This law
followed the Flemish nobility wherever they were. Its effects were
especially apparent in Scotland where the Flemish and Norman
aristocracy were closely related."

These marriages would create a very tight-nit group of nobles who
controlled the industry of Flanders. Ghent and Bruges were cities
that rivaled Venice. In the genealogical history of the Roesmont
family of Ghent we see that they have married into the noble Roover
family who were also members `Swan Brethren' that met at Janskerk
church. The Zwanbroeders were a dynastic order whose ancestors might
have been Knights Templars. What makes my this theory valid is the
invitation the Scottish kings sent to the Flemish counts, to come to
Scotland to build up the cloth industry. Surely the Templars of
Flanders took note of this, and the reaction of the French king who
became threatened by this alliance, as would the French kings to
follow.

"Under the Scottish kings David I (1124-53) and Malcolm IV (1153-65)
a program was devised with the Flemish counts, Thierry (1128-63) and
his son Philip d' Alsace (1163-91) to settle Flemish immigrants in
Scotland in order to build up urban cloth centers in Scotland, as
existed in Flanders. Malcolm's daughter Marie married Eustache III,
Count of Boulogne brother of Godfroi de Bouillon, conqueror of
Jerusalem, creating a dynastic link between the court of Scotland and
that of Jerusalem. Malcolm's successor, his brother William I (1165-
1214), known as "the Lion", continued the Flemish settlement policy,
as well as utilizing Flemish aid in other matters: In 1173, when
William invaded northern England, he was reinforced by a Flemish
contingent sent by Philip d' Alsace, Count of Flanders. Count Thierry
and his son Philip d'Alsace were the overlords of the Ruddervoorde
family in Flanders. "

The Brus family appears to be one of the Flemish families that
responded to this Scottish invitation. This "dynastic link" is
extremely interesting, as Thierry's son, Philip of Alsace would
commissioned Chretien de Troyes to write his Grail legend which tells
the story of Perceval's search for the Holy Grail. The Swan Knight,
Loherangrin, is Parzival's son who is associated with Godfrey de
Boullion in another Grail story that I believe has its roots in
Ghent, and perhaps is a Weaver's Tale that attempts to ennoble a
weaver family, very possibly that of Thierry and Philip, a father and
son who went on crusade. Loherangrin's wife, Elsa, is the Duchess of
Brambent where my Rosemont ancestors hail.

After being taunted by the Duchess of Cleves, she begs her husband to
reveal to her his noble background. The Cleves are kin to the
Bouillon family, and were weavers. Thierry (Dietrich) of Alsace
brought back from the Holy Land a drop of Jesus' blood. I suspect
this drop of Holy Blood became the Holy Grail of the Brotherhood of
Weavers who defeated King Philip at Bruges in the battle between the
Lions and the Claws that I believe the Knight Templars took part in
because this family are closely related to the Kings and Queens of
Jerusalem. The Templars knew king Philip was jealous of Weavers
Guild, and was out to destroy their growing power and capture their
wealth.

Philip of Alsace was offered the title King of Jerusalem, but, is
said to have turned it down. Did he? I suspect the Roesmonts went on
crusade with both of these Swan Knights. The Rosenmund coat of arms
is made up of a cross made from a weaver's needle. The Rosemonts
pinned an emblem of a weaver's needle on their tunics. The Roesmonts
constitute one of the oldest lineages of Weaver's Guild members who
came to Canada and founded the Rosamond Woolen Mill. I have followed
the clue of Rosamond's rouge yarn to the castle of the Fisher Kings
who gave birth to the Swan Knight. Blanchfleur means "white flower"
and thus the Rosa Mundi that Death carry as a banner, has come home,
to once again cloth the bones of my ancestors with the meat of the
Graal Myth, where forever my Rosamond blood flow. With the prick of a
needle, in a drop of blood, a kingdom is reborn.

Jon Presco

Swan Knight

Copyright 2007

http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/mbh/mbh16.htm

http://tinyurl.com/yvjewn

http://www.holyblood.com/EN/D.asp

http://www.holyblood.com/EN/C.asp

http://www.clanrutherfurd.org/History.aspx

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/templars/message/6928

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Golden_Spurs

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_IV_of_France

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_of_Flanders

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceval%2C_the_Story_of_the_Grail

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusade_cycle

http://rougeknights.blogspot.com/2007/02/speculative-freemasonry-
and.html

http://rougeknights.blogspot.com/2007/01/rose-of-england-kings-window-
at.html

http://rougeknights.blogspot.com/2007/01/roesmont-roover-brotherhood-
and-wedding.html

www.waits.org.uk/festival.html

www.sacred-texts.com/neu/lr/lr07.htm

www.pittstate.edu/engl/nichols/arthur4.html

Blanchefleur "white flower" is the sweetheart of Perceval in
Chrétien de Troyes' Perceval, le Conte du Graal. She is Gornemant's
niece, and is rescued by the hero while her castle is under siege.

In Wolfram von Eschenbach's Parzival, where she is called
Condwiramurs, she becomes Parzival's wife and bears him two sons,
Kardeiz and Loherangrin (Lohengrin).

Meanwhile Elsa had summoned her chieftains and retainers to a meeting
in Antwerp. Precisely on the day of the assembly, a swan was sighted
swimming upstream (river Scheldt) and drawing behind him a skiff, in
which Lohengrin lay asleep on his shield. The swan promptly came to
land at the shore, and the prince was joyfully welcomed. Hardly had
his helmet, shield, and sword been taken from the skiff, when the
swan at once swam away again. Lohengrin heard of the wrong which had
been done to the duchess and willingly consented to become her
champion. Elsa then summoned all her relatives and subjects. A place
was prepared in Mainz for Lohengrin and Friedrich to fight in the
emperor's presence. The hero of the Grail defeated Friedrich, who
confessed having lied to the duchess, and was executed with the axe.
Elsa was awarded to Lohengrin, they having long been lovers; but he
secretly insisted upon her avoiding all questions as to his ancestry,
or whence he had come, saying that otherwise he would have to leave
her instantaneously and she would never see him again.

For some time, the couple lived in peace and happiness. Lohengrin was
a wise and mighty ruler over his land, and also served his emperor
well in his expeditions against the Huns and the heathen. But it came
to pass that one day in throwing the javelin he unhorsed the Duke of
Cleve, so that the latter broke an arm. The Duchess of Cleve was
angry, and spoke out amongst the women, saying, "Lohengrin may be
brave enough, and he seems to be a good Christian; what a pity that
his nobility is not of much account for no one knows whence he has
come floating to this land." These words pierced the heart of the
Duchess of Brabant, and she changed color with emotion. At night,
when her spouse was holding her in his arms, she wept, and he
said, "What is the matter, Elsa, my own?" She made answer, "The
Duchess of Cleve has caused me sore pain." Lohengrin was silent and
asked no more. The second night, the same came to pass. But in the
third night, Elsa could no longer retain herself, and she
spoke: "Lord, do not chide me! I wish to know, for our children's
sake, whence you were born; for my heart tells me that you are of
high rank." When the day broke, Lohengrin declared in public whence
he had come, that Parsifal was his father, and God had sent him from
the Grail. He then asked for his two children, which the duchess had
borne him, kissed them, told them to take good care of his horn and
sword, which he would leave behind, and said: "Now, I must be gone."
To the duchess he left a little ring which his mother had given him.
Then the swan, his friend, carne swimming swiftly, with the skiff
behind him; the prince stepped in and crossed the water, back to the
service of the Grail. Elsa sank down in a faint. The empress resolved
to keep the younger boy Lohengrin, for his father's sake, and to
bring him up as her own child. But the widow wept and mourned the
rest of her life for her beloved spouse, who never came back to her

The tale or myth of the Knight of the Swan who came to the succour of
the youthful Duchess of Brabant is based upon motives more or less
common in folklore--the enchantment of human beings into swans, and
the taboo whereby, as in the case of Cupid and Psyche, the husband
forbids the wife to question him as to his identity or to look upon
him. The myth has been treated by both French and German romancers,
but the latter attached it loosely to the Grail legend, thus turning
it to mystical use.

As a purely German story it is found at the conclusion of Wolfram von
Eschenbach's Parzival, 1 from which the following version is drawn.
The name of the hero as written by Wolfram (Loherangrîn) may possibly
be traced to Garin le Loherin or Garin of Lorraine. Wagner's version
is taken from the same source, but the mighty master of melody
altered many of the details for dramatic and other reasons.

Both Philip of Alsace and Marie of Champagne were related to Henry II
of England; Marie was Henry's step-daughter by Eleanor d'Aquitaine,
and Philip was his cousin. So while both were strictly continental,
they had ties to the British Isles; likely this was another form as
transmission on top of the Breton courtiers. Moreover, it could
explain Wolfram von Eschenbach's insistence on Perceval's relation to
the Anjou line in Parzival.

In the Holy Land, Philip hoped to take part in a planned invasion of
Egypt, for which purpose the crusaders had allied with the Byzantine
Empire. A Byzantine fleet was waiting at Acre when Philip arrived on
August 2. Philip had other plans, however: he and King Baldwin IV of
Jerusalem were first cousins, sharing a grandfather, King Fulk, whose
daughter from his first marriage, Sibylla of Anjou, was Philip's
mother. Baldwin IV was a leper and childless, and offered Philip the
regency of the Kingdom of Jerusalem as his closest male relative
currently present there. Philip refused both this and the command of
the army of the kingdom, saying he was there only as a pilgrim.
Instead Baldwin appointed Raynald of Chatillon, to whom Philip would
act as an assistant

Philip also acted as patron for Chrétien de Troyes while he was
writing his last romance, Perceval, the Story of the Grail. In the
opening lines, Chrétien praises Philip for providing him with the
book he adapted into the "best tale ever told in a royal court". The
work is unfinished, and was obviously begun sometime before Philip's
death.

Although some Normans ventured into Scotland at the time of Malcolm
III and the Battle of Alnwick, there was no effective penetration
until the reign of King David I (1124-53). But even then this
controlled immigration was engineered for specific reasons when David
invited the sons of Norman and Flemish aristocracy to his realm. The
resultant settlement was far more Flemish than Norman, even though
some of the noble families of Flanders (like those of de Brus and de
Balieul) had been granted lands in Normandy before the conquest of
England. King David (the Saint) recognized that, during the recent
years of turmoil, Scotland had fallen behind the European countries
in many ways; her systems of government, trade, manufacture and urban
development were all outmoded, and the economy was suffering.
Flanders, on the other hand, was at the forefront of a significant
commercial urbanization, which provided substantial rental and
mercantile income. The Flemings were also advanced in agricultural
expertise, and had a greatly superior weaving industry. All in all,
David deemed their knowledge and updated techniques necessary to aid
Scotland's survival on the international stage.

The Normans too had grown in matters of government and land
management. King David, therefore, sought their aid in all manner of
administrative affairs: sheriffdoms were created, new communication
networks were developed, and the powers of the judiciary were
considerably strengthened. Also, the prerogatives of the Crown were
redefined so as to be more socially effective and financially viable.
Generally, the incoming nobles of Flanders and Normandy married into
Celtic noble families, and conversely King David married Maud de Lens
of the Flemish House of Boulogne.

The Swan Knight's adventures bring him to the defense of the
dispossessed Duchess of Bouillon, whose land has been seized by
Regnier of Saxony, whom he challenges to a duel. The Swan Knight
defeats Regnier and wins the daughter of the Duchess in marriage.
They have a daughter, Ida, who can see the future and knows that she
is destined to be the mother of Eustace, Godfrey, and Baldwin. The
Swan Knight, however, must leave Bouillon when his wife asks his true
identity. After leaving Bouillon, his name is revealed to be Elias,
and his brother, the swan who led his boat, finally regains his human
form. Meanwhile, Elias' kinsmen, the knights Pons and Gerart, decide
to make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, but cannot because the land is
under Muslim control. They are seized by Cornumarant, the king of
Jerusalem, but he befriends them and allows them to complete their
pilgrimage. After drifting at sea for many months they return to
Bouillon and recognize Elias as the Swan Knight.

Years later, Ida is married to Count Eustace of Boulogne, and has
three children, Eustace, Godfrey, and Baldwin. Eustace and Godfrey
grow up to become knights, with all the appropriate adventures and
duels. Meanwhile, Cornumarant's mother Calabre, who, like Ida, can
see the future, predicts the coming of Godfrey and his brothers as
well as the later crusades against Saladin. Cornumarant decides to
visit Godfrey, whose kin he once hosted in Jerusalem, and on the way
meets various future leaders of the First Crusade: Bohemund, Tancred,
Raymond IV of Toulouse, Adhemar of Le Puy, Hugh of Vermandois, and
Robert Curthose, among others. Cornumarant intends to assassinate
Godfrey but is overcome by the latter's glory; he realizes he can
never hold Jerusalem if Godfrey invades, thus planting the idea for
the crusade in Godfrey's mind. Cornumarant, returns to Jerusalem and
is accused of treason for not having accomplished his task; many
battles and duels are fought. During this time, Godfrey arrives and
attacks the cities of Syria.

Ghent achieved its prosperity and the unstoppable growth that came
with it through the production and trade of its famous woollen cloth.
From 1100 to 1400, a good 60% of households earned a living from
theindustry. The processes of sorting the wool, washing, spinning
andbleaching were the work of the semi-skilled and unskilled
workers,women, children and people in the rural areas. The main
processes,i.e., weaving, fulling (the process of felting the woollen
cloth tomake it thicker and smoother) and dying, were the work
ofspecialists: men's work, which was done exclusively within the
city.The best wool came from England. Ghent's weavers went and sold
theirfinished luxury cloth all over Europe: in the German Rhineland,
atthe French annual fairs in Champagne, in northern Germany and in
thecountries on the Baltic Sea, as well as via the western trade
routealong the French Atlantic coast in Spain and Portugal and even
inNorth Africa. The return cargo consisted of wine, salt and
otherconsumer goods. The wealthy patricians (then still
knownas 'erfachtige lieden' or 'viri hereditarii') who were the
originalowners of the land on which the city of Ghent developed and
hadbecome merchants, profited most from this trade.As the gold rolled
into their coffers, however, these enterprisingmerchants also began
to aspire to political and economic independencefrom the count of
Flanders.

In 1180, Count Philip of Alsace built hisfortress, the mighty
Gravensteen, not so much to offer protection tohis city, but to keep
the proud Ghent merchant families under bettercontrol. De Utenhove,
Borluut, Uter Volrestrate, Rijm and Van Sint-Baaf families together
with another forty or so other families, hadexclusive economic power
in the city and on the bench of '39aldermen' they also had the
monopoly of local government, finance andthe administration of
justice. Self-confidently they built themselveslarge residences
complete with turrets and crenellations, in defianceof the count's
authority.This power-hungry upper class could not, however, afford to
ignorethe social needs of the populous city completely. They
quietened anyfeelings of ill conscience as a result of usurious
profits bybuilding hospitals, such as the Bijloke, by giving alms and
settingup charitable organisations.They also devoted themselves to
founding four typical urbanmonasteries on behalf of four mendicant
orders, so called because thefriars subsisted on donations: the
Augustinians (Sint-Margrietstraat), the Carmelites (Steenstraat,
now 'Patershol'), theDominicans (Onderbergen, now 'Het Pand') and the
Friars Minor (wherethe Court of Justice now stands). Unlike the
Benedictine monks fromthe large abbeys, the activities of these city-
dwelling friarsrevolved around preaching in the language of the
ordinary people andmissionary work with the urban population. For
devout unmarried womenand widows who were not prepared to part with
their private property,Countess Joan of Constantinople founded two
large beguinages around1242: St Elisabeth at the end of Burgstraat
and Onze-Lieve-Vrouw terHooie (Our Lady in the Hay) on Lange
Violettestraat.

The first ruler of Flanders of whom history has left any record is
Baldwin, surnamed Bras-defer (Iron-arm). This man, a brave and daring
warrior under Charles the Bald, fell in love with the king's daughter
Judith, the youthful widow of two English kings, married her, and
fled with his bride to Lorraine. Charles, though at first very angry,
was at last conciliated, and made his son-in-law margrave (Marchio
Flandriae) of Flanders, which he held as an hereditary fief. The
Northmen were at this time continually devastating the coast lands,
and Baldwin was entrusted with the possession of this outlying
borderland of the west Frankish dominion in order to defend it
against the invaders. He was the first of a line of strong rulers,
who at some date early in the 10th century exchanged the title of
margrave for that of count. His son, Baldwin II. - the Bald - from
his stronghold at Bruges maintained, as did his father before him, a
vigorous defence of his lands against the incursions of the Northmen.
On his mother's side a descendant of Charlemagne, he strengthened the
dynastic importance of his family by marrying Aelfthryth, daughter of
Alfred the Great. On his death in 918 his possessions were divided
between his two sons Arnulf the Elder and Adolphus, but the latter
survived only a short time and Arnulf succeeded to the whole
inheritance. His reign was filled with warfare against the Northmen,
and he took an active part in the struggles in Lorraine between the
emperor Otto I. and Hugh Capet. In his old age he placed the
government in the hands of Baldwin, his son by Adela, daughter of the
count of Vermandois, and the young man, though his reign was a very
short one, did a great deal for the commercial and industrial
progress of the country, establishing the first weavers and fullers
at Ghent, and instituting yearly fairs at Ypres, Bruges and other
places.

He suffered a major embarrassment when an army of 2,500 noble men-at-
arms (Knights and Squires) and 4,000 infantry he sent to suppress an
uprising in Flanders was defeated in the Battle of the Golden Spurs
near Kortrijk on 11 July 1302. Philip reacted with energy to the
humiliation and personally defeated the Flemings at Mons-en-Pévèle
two years later. Finally, in 1305, Philip forced the Flemish to
accept a harsh peace treaty after his success at the battle of Mons-
en-Pévèle; the peace exacted heavy reparations and humiliating
penalties, and added the rich cloth cities of Lille and Douai, sites
of major cloth fairs, to the royal territory. Béthune, first of the
Flemish cities to yield, was granted to Mahaut, Countess of Flanders,
whose two daughters, to secure her fidelity, were married to Philip's
two sons.
[edit] Suppression of the Knights Templar

Philippe IV, recumbent statue on his tomb, royal necropolis, Saint
Denis Basilica
On October 13, 1307, hundreds of Knights Templar in France were
simultaneously arrested by agents of Philip the Fair, to be later
tortured into admitting heresy in the Order. The Knights Templar were
a 200-year-old military order, supposedly answerable only to the
Pope. But Philip used his influence over Clement V, who was largely
his pawn, to disband the order and remove its ecclesiastical status
and protection in order to plunder it.

Much harm was done to Philip VI.'s authority by the scandal arising
out of the prosecution of Robert of Artois, count of Beaumont, who
was the king's brother-in-law. The count had presented to the
parlement of Paris forged deeds in support of his claim to the county
of Artois, held by his aunt, Mahaut, countess of Burgundy. The sudden
death of Mahaut, and of her daughter and heiress, Jeanne, widow of
Philip V., lent colour to other suspicions, and Robert was driven
from France and his goods confiscated. He found refuge, first in
Brabant and then at the English court, where he was received as a
relative and a victim of false accusations.

The Flemish Laws of Nobilitas

Flemish law forbade noble men and women to marry outside their own
class. This law followed the Flemish nobility wherever they were. Its
effects were especially apparent in Scotland where the Flemish and
Norman aristocracy were closely related. The very fact that
Rutherford knights were marrying the daughters of Flemish noblemen is
proof that they were both Flemish and noble themselves. Initially
knights like the Rutherfords were not considered members of the
nobility. They were called 'miles' or 'caballarius'. Knights were
seen as mere soldiers. In Scotland, the laws of nolilitas continued,
but with the lessons of the Flemish wars and the Erembalds weighed
and considered. Knights like the Rutherfords, were given small
Scottish estates in return for guarding castles, keeping the peace
and accompanying their Home and Douglas lords on campaign.

In 1127 a feud broke out between Provost Bertulf Erembald and Count
Charles. The Count burnt Bertulf's nephew's house to the ground.
Borsiard, Bertulf's nephew and others, plotted with the Erembald clan
and assassinated Charles on March 2, 1127 - Ash Wednesday. A week
later citizens of Bruges led by Gervaise de Praet besieged the
castle, and barons swore to support them in a league. King Louis VI
of France summoned the barons to Arras, and they elected William
Clito as count. Count William granted charters to towns and had
Bertulf Erembald put to death. A siege of Ypres captured William of
Ypres, and Borsiard was left to die nailed to a tree. England's king
Henry I opposed William and sent money to oppose his cause. Thierry
d' Alsace gained the support of the people at Ghent by promising to
support the privileges of the Burghers. In March 1128 Count Thierry
d' Alsace was elected count by the barons and burghers at Bruges.
France's Louis still supported William Clito, and a partisan struggle
raged in Flanders until William was killed in the siege of Aalst in
June 1128. Count Thierry visited the towns and was invested by the
kings of France and England with the fiefs and benefices that Charles
had held. Desiderius Hacket, Chatelain of Bruges, was head of the
house of Erembalds. His brother Bertulph was Provost of St.
Donatian's, hereditary chancellor and chief of the Count's household.
Also under suspicion for the assassination of Count Charles,
Desiderius Hacket and his young son Robert, escaped from the tower
fleeing Bruges.

It is believed that his nephew Burchard escaped to southern Ireland.
Hacket and his son crossed the great salt marsh north of the city,
reached the castle of his son-in-law Walter Cromlin, Lord of
Lissewege where he remained hidden until Theirry d'Alsace became
Count of Flanders a year later. He was sent to trial, proved his
innocence, was restored to his former rank and became abbot of Dunes,
founding a monastery at Lissewege. One of his descendants, Louis of
Gruthuise, was created earl of Winchester by Edward IV. Hacket
founded a branch of Dunes at Lissewege called Ter Doest Abbey which
was noted as an early Cistercian Abbey and strongly connected to the
Knights Templar. The Hacketts of County Kildare, Ireland, are also
known as the de Ridelsford family of Lincolnshire. Haket means hooks,
which is also a type of fish. Haket was a prominent Christian name of
this family and along with Lucy [also a fish] Hacket and Lucy evolved
into surnames in Britain.

On July 29, 1128 Count Thierry d' Alsace and a large army of Knights
took the Erembald city of Ypres. The people of Bruges and the knights
also plundered Ruddervoorde. Lambrecht of Ruddervoorde, Lambrecht of
Wingene, Folket of Tielt who had been supporters of count Willem,
withdrew back to the castle of Wijnendale. They surrendered and
recognized Count Thierry as the new count of Flanders. The Erembald
Clan was in total disarray. Those who had participated in the
assassination of Count Charles were dead or hunted men. Those
Erembalds who were not involved were nonetheless implicated through
association. With the recognition of Thierry d' Alsace as Count of
Flanders, the Erembalds of Ruddervoorde came under the protection of
a just overlord. In 1128 Lambert van Ruddervoorde I was a witness to
count Thierry d' Alsace. In 1154 Lambert van Ruddervoorde II and his
brother Eustachius served as witnesses to bishop Gerald of Tournai
and count Thierry d' Alsace. By the year 1230, the lordship of
Ruddervoorde belonged to Lamkin van Ruddervoorde after the death of
his father Knight Haket who received it from the Dean of St. Donatian
church in Bruges. The Lordship of Ruddervoorde lasted into the 14th
century but with increasing frequency the young Erembalds of
Ruddervoorde began to migrate to Britain. They disappeared from
Flanders at the same time the "Rutherfords" began to appear in
England, Scotland and Ireland. The English county of Gloucester has a
town called Ruddeford listed in the Domesday Book of 1086. The
Yorkshire wapentake of Austhorpe also lists the town of Redeford.
Both properties were owned by Roger de Busli who, like the
Rutherfords, was from the coastal area of Flanders called Bray. Roger
de Busli was the master of Tickhill Castle with which the Rutherfords
were long connected.

http://www.clanrutherfurd.org/History.aspx

In the summer of 1281 a new revolt broke out, now aimed directly at
the count's attempts to limit urban autonomy.6 The cycle of violence,
reimposition of order, and punishment by the count was repeated, this
time with executions of some of the leaders of the October uprising.7
A tense, armed truce ended the violence for the next decade.

Count Guy in turn faced more than the opposition and resistance of
his three leading cities to a revival of comital power. Flanders had
for centuries enjoyed semi-autonomy from its chief liege lords, the
Capetian kings of France. Even the exception to this general Flemish
freedom, the civil war that ensued after the murder of Count Charles
the Good in 1127, tends to prove the rule, since the French king's
candidate for count was ultimately defeated and killed by the
candidate who gained the lasting support of Bruges, Ypres, and Ghent.
Bruges in this case had been the first of the three cities to shift
allegiance to Thierry of Alsace and against the king of France.8 Guy,
however, faced a French king and kingdom vastly strengthened by a
century and a half of successful action against the autonomy of royal
vassals. And within his own county, extremely close economic and
political bonds had developed with England as ever larger quantities
of English wool were woven into cloth on Flemish looms. Yet the
growing dependency on this crucial English raw material came just as
the epic feud between France and England was gathering force. The
clash of shifting and conflicting allegiances and interests across
political, social, and economic lines is a constant feature of the
period from 1280 to 1390.

The preliminary sparring among the French, English, and Flemings
turned to war through a complex series of diplomatic and dynastic
actions that occurred between 1294 and 1297.9 For Bruges this meant
virtual conquest and occupation by a French force in the summer of
1297, as well as a deep polarization of the urban populace into pro-
and anti-French camps, or Lilies and Claws (so called after their
symbols – the fleur-de-lis and the Lion rampant).10 Many of these
social and political fissures were not new, but were reformulated
around support for either the king or count with the additional
factor of the newly organized urban guilds. These groups had taken
form in the second half of the thirteenth century without receiving
voice or vote in urban government, although some of their demands
brought forward in the 1280 conflict were fulfilled.11 Now they saw a
chance to realize their ambitions of sharing power in the city by
backing the count and his struggle against the French king and his
faction in Flanders. Nonetheless, the count's party (Claws) was not
uniformly drawn from the artisans, but contained disaffected elements
from the urban patriciate as well as wealthy merchants of humble
social backgrounds.12 On the other hand, the Lily party of
Francophiles was more uniformly drawn from the urban patriciate, a
fact true across Flanders, although the urban elite of Bruges seems
to have been more evenly divided between Claws and Lilies than was
the case elsewhere.13

The French king, Philip Ⅳ, struck first. He outmaneuvered count
Guy by goading him through a series of humiliating actions, including
imprisonment, forfeiture, and a mock trial in Paris, into an alliance
with the English by early 1297. Relying on Edward Ⅰ of England's
promise of armed support, Guy renounced his oath of fealty, thereby
opening Flanders to attack. This came in an unopposed invasion by
French forces in June, 1297, which Guy, deserted by the English,
could not resist. Bruges, together with all western Flanders, was
overrun and occupied, and a treaty divided Flanders, allotting Bruges
and its surrounding territory to direct administration by French
royal officials. This was replaced in 1300 by direct annexation to
the crown lands of France.14 For the city the most visible change was
a new set of walls and defensive works that enclosed a vastly larger
space than the old twelfth-century walls.15 Though ordered built by
the king, the city alone bore the cost. The fiscal burden resulted in
increased tension between the Lily and Claw factions, with the
ascendant Lily faction held responsible both for the construction
costs and for the growing unpopularity of the French occupiers among
Brugeois. Anti-French feelings only grew after the triumphal
progression of Philip through pacified Flanders in May, 1301.

What emerged from the slaughter was a renewal of the "popular"
government and a reinvigoration of the pro-count, anti-French
alliance. The Bruges countercoup was quickly dubbed the "Good
Friday."20 Throughout West Flanders villages and cities rallied to de
Coninc's cause, with Ghent remaining as a lone holdout supporter of
Philip Ⅳ. Likewise new urban governments came to replace the old
oligarchies throughout Flanders, and these new populares moved to
confiscate the property of their now exiled Lily opponents. The
energy and ardor of the triumphant Claws failed to cool even with an
invasion of the French and a new, almost nationalist ferocity that
now entered the struggle.21 A Flemish militia began to gather with
the Bruges levy at its core for the march south to lay siege to the
castle of Kortrijk (Courtrai) recently captured by the French.22

The battle that ensued pitted Flemish foot soldiers (aided by only
a few knights) against a large army composed mostly of mounted
knights and had the (for the Flemish) miraculous outcome of a total
victory. So staggering was the slaughter that five hundred pairs of
golden spurs (symbolic of knighthood) were stripped from the French
dead and given as near-holy relics to the church of Onze-Lieve-Vrouw
in Kortrijk, conferring the name "Golden Spurs" on the battle, which
entered into legend.23 Contemporaries compared it to the greatest
victories in history, worthy to be numbered with the taking of Troy,
or King David and the Israelites' triumph at Gilboa, or Scipio
Africanus' crushing of Carthage.24 All hyperbole aside, the Flemish
victory was the first major battle of the Middle Ages in which
infantry defeated cavalry, and it ensured in the long term
that "Germanic" Flanders would never be ruled directly from Paris. In
the short term, however, there was a good deal of confusion and
indecision among the Flemish rebels that enabled Philip Ⅳ to mitigate
the decisiveness of the battle.

The theory claims that Chrétien's "Conte du Graal" is dedicated tothe
Count Philip, of the House of Flanders, and was entirely madepossible
by the Count himself, a fact which is extremely intriguing,as two of
the eight founders of the Knights Templar were Payen deMontdidier and
Achambaud de St-Amand, each relatives of the House
ofFlanders.Chrétien informs the reader in the introduction
tohis "Conte du Graal" that he was given, by Philip, a story
thatmentions of a holy Grail, and was asked by Philip to write an
epictale of this Grail. What is unusual about this is that no author
ofthe work given by Philip is mentioned. Chrétien died before he
wasable to finish his work, but several writers tried their hand
atcontinuing Chrétien's compelling "Conte du Graal"; all of them
arepurported to have been supported by Philip's successors in the
Houseof Flanders. The chronologically proceeding Grail story of
greathistorical significance, "L'Estoire dou Graal" (The History of
theGrail), was told by Robert de Boron, who owed the creation of
hisstory to his patron, Gautier de Montbéliard. Gautier was
alsotheorized to have had connections to the Knights Templar, though
hislinks were much more obscure and complex."

Thierry of Alsace returned from the second with the relic of the Holy
Blood presented to him by his cousin Baldwin, King of Jerusalem, as
the reward of his great services; while Baldwin IX, who took part in
the fourth, was raised to the imperial throne on the founding of the
Latin Empire after the fall of Constantinople, 9 April, 1204. From 7
April, 1150, the day on which Thierry of Alsace returned to his
capital with the precious relic, it has played no small part in the
religious life of the city. The solemn Procession of the Holy Blood,
instituted in 1303 to commemorate the deliverance of the city, by the
national heroes Breidel and De Coninck, from French tyranny in May of
the previous year and which takes place annually on the Monday
following the first Sunday in May, is to this day one of the great
religious celebrations in Belgium, to which thousands congregate from
all parts.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thierry,_Count_of_Flanders

In 1133 his wife Marguerite de Clermont (widow of Charles the Good;
her name has also been recorded as Suanhilde) died, leaving only a
daughter. In 1139 then went on pilgrimage to the crusader Kingdom of
Jerusalem, and married Sibylla of Anjou, daughter of King Fulk of
Jerusalem and widow of William Clito; a very prestigious marriage.
This was the first of Thierry's four pilgrimages to the Holy Land.
While there he also led a victorious expedition against Caesarea
Philippi, and fought alongside his father-in-law in an invasion of
Gilead. He soon returned to Flanders to put down a revolt in the
Duchy of Lower Lotharingia, ruled at the time by Godfrey III of
Leuven.

The battle was one in a string during the 14th century that showed
that knights could be defeated by disciplined and well equipped
infantry. It is also a landmark in the development of Flemish
political independence. It is considered one of the main reasons that
Dutch is the language spoken in Flanders today.

During almost two centuries, the counts of Flanders and Flemish
ingeneral, maintained the very friendly relations with Templiers.
Mayfirst, 1302 for example, the inhabitants of Bruges raise
themselvesagainst the king of France during "Crossbred of Bruges".
LaurentDailliez claims that a certain brother of Boinem or Boyenem
[20],commander of the Temple with Slijpe, was the chief of this
revolt.Two months later, a nonprofessional Flemish army, made up
members ofthe communal militia, crushed the army of the knights of
King deFrance with Courtrai (Kortrijk). Again according to Laurent
Dailliez,certain Gossuin of Bruges [21] carried out the Flemish
troops. ThisGossuin of Bruges was the last commander of the Temple in
Flanders.The presence of Templiers in 1302 on this battle field,
thisfamous "Battle of the Gold Spurs", is the subject many
discussions.For the moment, the evidence misses to us to confirm or
cancel thisassumption [22]. What I can affirm with more certainty, it
is thatthe "godendac", this weapon which led Flemish to the victory,
wasintroduced into the area by crossed and most probably by
Templiers.The arrest of Templiers in 1307 was not carried out without
problems.The Count of Flanders, Godefroy de Béthune,
straightforwardly refusedto stop Templiers. In Ypres, a text of
origin maconnic (and thus notvery reliable) speaks about a wild
battle between Templiers and thesoldiers of the king [23]. The
majority of Templiers of Flanders andother provinces were released
after the investigations. MuchTempliers, coming from Flanders and
Hainaut went in February andMarch 1310 to Paris, in order to defend
their Order.

At the end of 1138, the situation of the Kingdom of Jerusalem was not
very strong. King Foulques was obliged to adopt a defensive attitude
after the fall of the stronghold of Ba'rin, in the South of the
kingdom. Transjordania was infested by bands of plunderers who
constantly executed raids throughout the kingdom.During the summer of
1139, Thierry d'Alsace, Count of Flandre and (by marriage) a member
the family of King Foulques, arrived in Jerusalem as his pilgrimage.
He was accompanied by a small army. Foulques took advantage of his
pilgrimage to set up an expedition to dislodge and destroy the
plunderers settled in the mountains in the region of Galaad.

The armies of Foulques and Thierry besieged the fortress of the
plunderers located between mount Jil'ad and 'Ajlûn. During this long
siege, Turkomans, seeing the kingdom of Jerusalem without protection
raided and plundered the village of Tecua (Teqoa).The only military
force defending Jerusalem was the Templars. They raised all the
available armed people to confront the Turkomans. When the Frankish
armies of Foulques and Thierry approached, the plunderers disbanded
in the plains of Ascalon and refused to fight.

The Franks construed this as a win and set about pursuing their
enemy. This mistake separated the French force. Noticing this, the
Turkomans regrouped and attacked the Franks. The Turkomans cut them
to pieces.Seeing this, Robert de Craon rallied the Knights Templar to
head towards the front of the fight, in order to protect the flight
of the Frankish knights.A great many Frankish Knights were killed and
more than half of the Templars died.

What is generally considered as a little skirmish was in reality
the 'dress rehearsal' for what happened less than 50 years later at
Hattin...

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Jon Presco | 15 Mar 2007 20:42

Beowulf and the Rosesmont Family of Foundlings

Beowulf and the Rosesmont Family of Foundlings

I am now exsploring the real possibility the wolf names found in the
Roesmont family of Brambant may stem from King Hrolf, of the Saga of
King Hrolf kraki. Hrolf is found in the Beowolf sagas that are the
source of the Lohengrin, Swan Knight, legend.

"When I published by webpage 'Royal Rosamond Press' I dedicated it to
my grandfather and author, Royal Rosamond, who grew up in a log cabin
on the Missouri river, collected quilts and played the fiddle. I
titled my family "A family of Foundlings". Huck Finn was a
Foundling. To have found Philip hiding in our family tree, completes
the destiny I foresaw in my Quest, and Christine's, to found a Family
Dynasty of Artistic souls. That Quest is now complete. Here is real
American History as made by the Creative Ones, the lover's of Beauty."

Jon Presco

Copyright 2007

http://rougeknights.blogspot.com/

"The kernel of this legend seems to be an old genealogical myth, such
as that told of Scyld in "Beowulf". A mysterious stranger arrives in
a rudderless ship among a people becomes their ruler and the ancestor
of the reigning house. When his time is fulfilled, he departs as
mysteriously as he has come. Such a myth was current among Germanic
tribes inhabiting the sea-coast. Possibly the mysterious stranger
originally was a solar deity and the swan a symbol of the cloud. The
story was designed to show the divine descent of the ruling house.
Its origin, whether Celtic or Germanic, is in dispute. The theme of
the Lohengrin legend, the union between a supernatural being and a
mortal, is of frequent recurrence in mythology and folk-lore.

This legend, embodied by Wagner in Lohengrin, has its roots in the
Anglo-Saxon, Danish, and Longobardian legend of Sceaf. An Anglo-Saxon
story says: "A ship once arrived on the coast of Scandia without
rudder or sail. In it lay a boy asleep upon his arms. The natives
took and educated him, calling him Scild, the son of Sceaf (the
skiff). In course of time he became their king." In Beowulf it is
added that Scild reigned long, and when he saw that he was about to
die, he bade his men lay him, fully armed, in a boat, and commit him
to the sea. Other legends say that the boat which bore him away was
drawn by swans. He forbade questions to be asked about his home, but
his wife heeded not his hest.
In 145o the Roesmonts came to own Wolfhouse, an ancient estate in
Holland. Is this the source of the wolf coat of arms seen in the
Rebleuten guild, and in the captain seals in Bosch? Did members of
the Roesmont family found a guild at Wolfhouse?

The wolf name is found in two generation of Roesmonts.

Rudolph Godsclack Roesmont Son of : Godscalck Roesmont & NN moeder -
Huwt/Marr W : Mechteld
/Children ;1: Godschalck Roelofs Roesmont ( * = , + = 1411 )
2: Hadewich Rodolphus Roesmont (*/+)

The name Rudolf consists of the old-high-German
words „hrōd ", „hruod "for fame, honour and „wolf "for wolf. Thus
Rudolf means as much as „the honorable wolf ", „the fame-rich wolf ".

Hrólfs saga kraka, the Saga of King Hrolf kraki, is a late legendary
saga on the adventures of Hrólfr Kraki and his clan, the Skjöldungs.
The events can be dated to the late 5th century and the 6th century.
It is believed to have been written in the period c. 1230 - c. 1450.
44 manuscripts survive, but the oldest one of them is from the 17th
century, although a manuscript is known to have existed c. 1461 at
the monastery of Möðruvellir in Iceland.

The saga elaborates on the same matter as several other sagas, and
chronicles, in Scandinavian tradition, and also in the Anglo-Saxon
poems Beowulf and Widsith. In Beowulf and Widsith, many of the same
characters appear in their corresponding Old English forms: Hrólfr
Kraki appears as Hroðulf, his father Helgi as Halga, his uncle Hróarr
as Hroðgar, his grand-father Halfdan as Healfdene and their clan, the
Skjöldungs, as the Scyldings. Moreover, some of their enemies also
appear: Fróðo as Froda and king Aðils of Sweden as the Swedish king
Eadgils. For a more thorough treatment, see Origins for Beowulf and
Hrólf Kraki.

Both Godfrey de Bouillon and Robert de Bruce are kin to the Counts of
Louvain. Godeschalc de Roesmont was the Master at Louvain and good
friend of Pope Adrien.

"The first arms borne in England by the Bruce family - the azure lion
of Louvain - shout as loudly as anything could of their connection
not only with Flanders but with Queen Maud's grandfather, Count
Lambert of Lens, who was the heir of his mother, Maud de Louvain.
Maud de Louvain, who married Count Eustace I of Boulogne was the
granddaughter of Count Lambert I of Louvain."

The Roesmont cote of arms depicts a dancing wolf and the place of
origin, the Bois Le-Duc which means the "forest of the Dukes" the
Dukes of Brabant from whom the Counts of Louvain spring.
The Roesmonts married into the Roover family who owned Montfoort
castle. Did the Roesmont/Roover go on crusade with Robert the
Frisian, or Godfrey de Bouillon? Why did the Counts of Hainault
(Holland) become the first Kings and Queens of Jerusalem?
"Brabant

In the tenth century the region was divided into two Duchies of Upper
and Lower Lorraine. The latter was bestowed by the Emperor Otto 11 on
Charles, a brother of the descendants of Charlemagne. His son was
childless, but one of his daughters married Lambert, Count of
Louvain, and one of his granddaughters married Gerard, Duke of
Lorraine. Another granddaughter married the Count of Boulogne, whose
grandson Godfrey de Bouillon founded the kingdom of Jerusalem.

Probably somehwere in Lorraine and around this date, the story of the
Swan Knight which finds a mature expression in Wagner's Lohengrin.
Many of the descendant of the Counts of Louvain and Boulogne used the
swan as a badge both in England and the Continent. An Order of the
Swan was founded in 1443 by Margrave Frederick 11 of Brandenburg
whose ancestry led back to the daughter of the first landgrave of
Hesse."

"Frodo still called Bilbo, "Uncle," now and then; it had become too
ingrained a habit. But, following suit, Rosamunda suggested Frodo
might call her, "Rosa," or, "Rosamunda." Frodo forgot, and called
her, "Auntie," many times, but, within the space of anafternoon
tea, "Rosa," she became." (see below)

http://rougeknights.blogspot.com/2006/04/rosamund-guild-masters-on-
one-of.html
http://rougeknights.blogspot.com/2006/09/princess-rosamond-and-
serpent-rouge.html

"And still he went farther, and all was so quiet that he could hear
his own breathing, and at last he came to the tower, and went up the
winding stair, and opened the door of the little room where Rosamond
lay. "

Dan Brown, Margaret Starbird, Laurence Gardner and others, claim
the 'Sleeping Beauty' legend is a Grail Quest for a Holy and Rosy
Bloodline. Princess Rosamond is associated with the Priory de Sion,
Rennes Chateau, the Serepent Rouge, the Sacred Feminine, and Fair
Rosamond who dwelt in a Labyrinth and was discovered by the clue of a
rouge thead, and thus is associated with Ariadne.Is it just a
coincidence that my sister, Christine Rosamond Presco, her mother,
Rosemary Rosamond, and her mother Mary Magdalene Rosamond, loved to
sew? After I located the unmarked grave of my grandfather, Royal
Rosamond, and placed a marker there of two roses, did the existance
of my sixteen year old daughter become known to me - for sure. Have I
cut through the roses and thorns and awakened a sleeping kingdom of
rosy weavers, or, has a troupe of Grail Writers found their way into
my Rosy Family Labyrinth and found the kingdom protected by roses -
and the needles of the rose?

For his first birthday I promised my Grandson, Tyler Hunt, a kingdom.
American Democracy has awoken from the demonic spell put upon it. Let
the celebration begin!
Jon Presco
http://rougeknights.blogspot.com/2006/04/rosamund-guild-masters-on-
one-of.html

This James (or Jacob, for these names were once interchangeable) was
the son of Hans Ulrich Rosemond, born 1623, a weaver; who was a son
of Hans, a weaver, born 1581; who was a son of Fred Rosemond, born
1552, a weaver, member of town council and a local captain; who was
the son of another Hans whose date of birth is not known, but he too,
was a weaver and became a citizen of Basle in 1534. His father was
Erhart de Rougemont who bought in 1495 "the house called Rebleuten-
Zunft in Basle in the Freistrasse.'

Before I discuss the EE Rebleuten-Zunft guild, here is what may
constitute the Rosenmund Family Grail. It is found amongst the
treasure of the EE Gerber-Zunft

http://www.gerbernzunft.ch/index.php?id=23
http://www.gerbernzunft.ch/index.php?id=19

Rosamunda Bolger (née Took) was the mother of Fredegar "Fatty" Bolger
and Estella Brandybuck. She was married to Odovacar Bolger and was
known as Rosamunda Took prior to the marriage. They lived in
Budgeford in Bridgefields in the Eastfarthing of the Shire. Rosamunda
and Odovacar both attended the Bilbo's Farewell Party in 3001 along
with their children.

Fredegar "Fatty" Bolger

Norman Cates as Fatty Bolger from a Decipher Card designed by Weta
Friend of Frodo Baggins. Fredegar Bolger, called Fatty, was born in
2980 to Odovacar Bolger and Rosamunda Took Bolger. He had a sister
Estella who married Merry Brandybuck. Fatty's great-great-grandfather
on his mother's side was Gerontius, the Old Took, who was also the
great-great-grandfather of Merry and of Pippin Took. Fatty's family
was from Budgeford in Bridgefields in the Eastfarthing.

http://members.ozemail.com.au/~sdgeard/hccnum.html

http://www.numenor.info/

It is interesting to find out why Tolkien had paid so much special
attention to the tales and legends about the people of the
Longobards, why he would make its main characters the prototypes of
characters in his own myths and tales... Why the Longobards out of
all other existing peoples?!

Philip Boileau's portrait of a young boy in tattered hat, reminds me
of the images we grew up with of Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn. Here are
three artists and a writer who lived "a Huck Finn-like childhood."
k

http://genforum.com/rosamond/messages/10.html

http://tinyurl.com/38hghr
http://genforum.genealogy.com/roseman/messages/182.html
http://genforum.genealogy.com/roseman/messages/183.html

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Rennes-le-Hoax/message/19
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Templar-de-Rosemont/message/1244

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Rennes-le-Hoax/message/3370

http://genforum.genealogy.com/rosamond/messages/9.html
h

Lohengrin, the Knight of the Swan
In Wolfram's Parzival", where a brief outline of the story of
Lohengrin is given at the close, the legend appears as a part of the
Grail cycle, and therefore also of the Arthurian cycle. But
originally it was wholly independent of both. In the oldest literary
versions, the French poems of the "Chevalier au cygne" (the earliest
dates from the beginning of the thirteenth century), the tale of the
Knight of the Swan is connected with Godfrey of Bouillon, and the
French poems themselves are part of an epic cycle dealing with the
Crusades. How this connexion came about is not known. But it was
certainly well known by the end of the twelfth century, as is proved
by an allusion to it in the history of the Crusades written by Bishop
William of Tyre (d. about 1184). The purpose was evidently to glorify
the House of Bouillon by ascribing to it a supernatural origin. The
story as given in the French poems is as follows: before Emperor Otto
holding court at Nymwegen the Duchess of Bouillon pleads for justice
against the Saxon Duke Renier, who has made grave charges against
her. She cannot find a champion to prove her innocence in single
combat, when suddenly an unknown knight appears in a skiff drawn by a
swan. He defeats her opponent and marries her daughter Beatris. But
he imposes the condition that his wife must never ask his name or
lineage. When, after seven years of wedded life, she breaks this
command, the unknown knight leaves her. A daughter named Ida has
resulted from this union. She marries Count Eustache of Boulogne and
becomes the mother of Godfrey of Bouillon.
The kernel of this legend seems to be an old genealogical myth, such
as that told of Scyld in "Beowulf". A mysterious stranger arrives in
a rudderless ship among a people becomes their ruler and the ancestor
of the reigning house. When his time is fulfilled, he departs as
mysteriously as he has come. Such a myth was current among Germanic
tribes inhabiting the sea-coast. Possibly the mysterious stranger
originally was a solar deity and the swan a symbol of the cloud. The
story was designed to show the divine descent of the ruling house.
Its origin, whether Celtic or Germanic, is in dispute. The theme of
the Lohengrin legend, the union between a supernatural being and a
mortal, is of frequent recurrence in mythology and folk-lore.
With the tale of the swan-knight was combined an old Germanic fairy
tale of some children changed into swans by the evil arts of a wicked
stepmother. Only the little girl escapes and becomes the means of
rescuing her brothers. this story is familiar to readers of Grimm's
fairy tales. In the French poems on this subject, the children are
the offspring of a union between a king and a fairy, and the king's
mother plays the villain's part. Their transformation into swans is
the result of their being deprived of the necklaces which they had
when they were born. When these are restored they regain their human
form, all but one, who has lost his necklace. He remains a swan and
henceforth draws the skiff of his brother, who is therefore called
the knight of the swan. It is clear that this story was added to
account for the mysterious origin of the hero.

The characteristic features of the Lohengrin saga--the disappearance
of the divine hero in the same mysterious fashion in which he has
arrived; the transference of mythical motifs from the life of the
older hero to a younger one bearing the same name (a universal
process in myth formation)--are likewise embodied in the Anglo-
Lombard saga of Sceaf, who reappears in the Prelude to the Anglo-
Saxon Beowulf, the oldest Teutonic epic. Here, he is called Scyld the
Scefung (meaning "son of Sceaf") and his origin as a foundling is
referred to. The older legend tells that he received his name because
as a very young boy he was cast ashore, as a stranger, asleep in a
boat on a sheaf of grain (Anglo-Saxon: sceaf) . The waves of the sea
carried him to the coast of the country he was destined to defend.
The inhabitants welcomed his arrival as a miracle, raised him, and
later on made him their king, considering him a divine emissary. 1
What was told of the father now is
p. 64
transferred in the Beowulf epic to his son, also called Scyld. 1 His
body is exposed, as he had ordered before his death, surrounded by
kingly splendor, upon a ship without a crew, which is sent out into
the sea. Thus he vanished in the same mysterious manner in which his
father arrived ashore, this trait being accounted for, in analogy
with the Lohengrin saga, by the mythical identity of father and son.

The consecrated wafer shared by Lohengrin and the swan on their
voyage is one of the more obvious means taken by the poet to give the
tale the character of an allegory of the .relations between Christ,
the Church and the human soul. The story was followed closely in its
main outlines by Richard Wagner in his opera Lohengrin. The French
legend of the knight of the swan is attached to the house of
Bouillon, and although William of Tyre refers to it about 1170 as
fable, it was incorporated without question by later annalists. It
forms part of the cycle of the chansons de geste dealing with the
Crusade, and relates how Helyas, knight of the swan, is guided by the
swan to the help of the duchess of Bouillon and marries her daughter
Ida or Beatrix in circumstances exactly parallel to the adventures of
Lohengrin and Elsa of Brabant, and with the like result. Their
daughter marries Eustache, count of Boulogne, and had three sons, the
eldest of whom, Godefroid (Godfrey), is the future king of Jerusalem.
But in French story Helyas is not the son of Parzival, but of the
king and queen of Lillefort, and the story of his birth, of himself,
his five brothers and one sister is, with variations, that of "the
seven swans" persecuted by the wicked grandmother, which figures in
the pages of Grimm and Hans Andersen. The house of Bouillon was not
alone in claiming the knight of the swan as an ancestor, and the
tradition probably originally belonged to the house of Cleves.
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Lohengrin
AGNER'S opera Lohengrin was the work which first made the young and
enthusiastic King of Bavaria a warm and devoted admirer of the so-
called Music of the Future. Of this remarkable friendship Wagner
himself wrote: "In the year of the first performance of Tannhäuser, a
Queen bore me the good genius of my life, who raised me from the
direct necessity to the highest joy. When but fifteen years of age,
he witnessed a performance of Lohengrin, and since then he has
belonged to me. He calls me his teacher, the dearest for him on
earth. He was sent to me from Heaven. Through him I am, and
understand myself."
That young poet-minded king would stand on the balcony of his
favorite residence, the mountain castle Hohenschwangau, and gaze at
the clear moonlit lake below him while a courtier sang the Swan Song;
and it is the same Hohenschwangau that is one of the legendary homes
of the Swan Knight—an alpine paradise, and almost as inaccessible as
the fabled Monsalvat. The swan is the legendary bird of the
Schwangau, and flocks of them may be seen sailing in all the pride of
their beauty and dignity of the deep blue lake that lies at the foot
of the hill on which Hohenschwangau is perched. The beautiful birds
undoubtedly gave the name to the valley and the castle; and in course
of time the Swan-legend was transplanted from the Scheldt to Bavaria.
The first performance of Lohengrin [click on thumbnail to the left]
was given under the direction of Franz Liszt at Weimar on August 28,
1850, the anniversary of Goethe's death. In 1871 it was performed for
the first time in Italy, the home of opera, at Bologna. It was then
taken to New York, and although it had been heard there before in the
original German, it was given at the Academy of Music in Italian.
Afterward, it went to London where the role of princess Elsa was
performed by Mademoiselle Albani at Covent Garden and by Madame
Nilsson at Drury Lane.

THE LEGEND: In the dark ages there lived in the castle of Schwanstein
(now Hohenschwangau) a princess of the purest and noblest character,
mistress of the castle and the valley. One day she stood upon the
parapet of the Schloss and looked far into the valley. Her eye rested
upon the Swan lake. There she saw a snow-white swan, gracefully
sailing over the waters, and drawing after it a golden boat in which
a handsome knight lay asleep.

When the knight awoke and stepped on shore, he greeted the princess
in such friendly wise that she immediately conceived great confidence
in him, and asked him to protect her against her enemies, especially
against her wicked uncle, who had accused her before the Emperor of
unbecoming conduct, and on this ground had claimed her wealth. The
Emperor commanded that the uncle should do battle with any champion
the young lady could procure. The day of the tournament arrived, and
the Swan knight appeared in the arena to uphold the cause of the
lady, and slew the avaricious uncle on the spot. In great
thankfulness the princess chose the knight to be her lord, and he
accepted the honor on one condition, namely, that she should never
seek to find out who he was or whence he came, otherwise their bliss
would at once come to an end. But curiosity was ever the weak point
of the daughters of Eve. Irresistibly inquisitive to know something
about her knight, she asked him about his descent. Immediately on
hearing these words he became silent and moody, and without more ado
hurried to the lake. The swan was in waiting with the golden boat;
the knight stepped into the fragile shell, and while the princess
stood wringing her hands in agony on the turret, her mysterious lord
was swept over the sad waters, out of sight forever.
This legend, embodied by Wagner in Lohengrin, has its roots in the
Anglo-Saxon, Danish, and Longobardian legend of Sceaf. An Anglo-Saxon
story says: "A ship once arrived on the coast of Scandia without
rudder or sail. In it lay a boy asleep upon his arms. The natives
took and educated him, calling him Scild, the son of Sceaf (the
skiff). In course of time he became their king." In Beowulf it is
added that Scild reigned long, and when he saw that he was about to
die, he bade his men lay him, fully armed, in a boat, and commit him
to the sea. Other legends say that the boat which bore him away was
drawn by swans. He forbade questions to be asked about his home, but
his wife heeded not his hest. The legend is related of many places
and noble families in Germany. Says one chronicler about this
time: "Otto, Emperor of Germany, held court at Neumagen, there to
decide between Clarrissa, Duchess of Bouillon, and the Count of
Frankfort, who claimed her duchy. It was decided that their right
should be established by single combat, provided some doughty warrior
would do battle for the lady. But none would meddle with the affair.
In answer to her prayer, however, the Swan Knight appeared. Lords and
ladies were scattered along the banks of the Meuse. The knight is
Helias, who overcomes the Count of Frankfort, and becomes the Duke of
Bouillon."
The story is very ancient and popular. It is told of Lohengrin,
Loherangrin, Salvuis, and Gerhard the Swan, while the lady is
Beatrice of Cleves, a princess of Hohenschwangau, or Else of Brabant.
[The white swan was the badge of the House of Cleves, which professed
to be descended from the "Knight of the Swan." When Ann of Cleves
went to England there was a play given in her honor in which the
appearance of a knight drawn in a boat by a swan caused great
astonishment. Lord Berners wrote a novel in the sixteenth century
called "The Knight of the Swan."]
http://www.vaidilute.com/books/mythology/macculloch-25.html
http://www.primitivism.com/swan-maidens.htm
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09121a.htm
Scylding
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Old English Scylding (plural Scyldingas) and Old Norse Skjöldung
(plural Skjöldungar), meaning in both languages Shielding, refers to
members of a legendary royal family of Danes and sometimes to their
people. The name is explained in many text by the descent of this
family from an eponymous king Scyld/Skjöld. But the title is
sometimes applied to rulers who purportedly reigned before
Scyld/Skjöld and the supposed king Scyld/Skjöld may be an invention
to explain the name. There was once a Norse saga on the dynasty, the
Skjöldunga saga, but it only survives in a Latin summary by Arngrímur
Jónsson.
[edit] From Skjöld to Halfdan
The number, names, and order of the Skjöldung kings vary greatly in
different texts until one comes to Halfdan/Healfdene.
All Old English texts call Scyld's son and successor Beaw or some
similar name. (The name was expanded to Beowulf in the poem Beowulf,
probably in error by a scribe who thought it was an abbreviation for
the name of the poem's hero, who is quite a different person).
Halfdan/Healfdene seems to be the direct son of Beaw in the poem. But
all Scandinavian sources that mention both Skjöld and Halfdan put
Halfdan some generations after Skjöld and make no mention of King
Beaw (save for a genealogy in the Prologue to Snorri Sturluson's Edda
which is taken from English traditions).
According to Saxo Grammaticus' Gesta Danorum (Book 1), Skjöld was
succeeded by a son named Gram. Since gram is also a simple adjective
meaning "fierce" and a common kenning for "king", it might be that
Saxo or a source has misunderstood some account referring to Beaw as
being gram or a gram and wrongly taken it here as a personal name.
Saxo has much to tell of this Gram who becomes the father of Hadingus
of whom he has even more to relate, Hadingus in turn becomes the
father of a king Frotho I who is father of Haldanus I.
Snorri Sturluson in his Edda, along with some other Old Norse texts,
makes Skjöld to be father of Fridleif father of Fróði under whose
reign the world was at peace. Snorri mentions this Fróði son of
Fridleif in the Ynglinga saga also. But in this work Snorri also
introduces a second, later Fróði, said to be son of certain Dan
Mikilláti. The second Fróði is known both as Fróði Mikilláti and
Fróði the Peace-lover and looks suspiciously like a duplicate of the
other peaceful Fróði. Snorri makes this second Fróði the father of
Halfdan and of another son named Fridleif.
Saxo in Books 4–5, long after the reign of Halfdan and the fall of
the Skjöldung dynasty, also introduces a king named Dan, the third
king with that name in his account, whose son is Fridleif whose son
is Fróði under whose reign the world achieves peace. This Fróði is
also the father of a son named Fridleif according to Saxo.
There are other differing accounts of Halfdan's ancestors. The names,
number, and order of legendary Danish kings are very inconsistent in
extant texts and it would appear that different writers and story
tellers differently arranged what tales of legendary Danish kings
they knew in whatever order seemed best to them.
[edit] Halfdan and his descendants
In all accounts Halfdan is father of Helgi (called Halga in Beowulf)
and Hróar (called Hrothgar in Beowulf). Helgi is father of the famous
Hrólf Kraki (called Hrothulf in Beowulf). In Beowulf, another son of
Healfdene/Halfdan named Heorogar is father of Heoroweard who
corresponds to Hjörvard in the Old Norse accounts where Hjörvard's
parentage is not told. The Old Norse accounts make Hjörvard to be the
husband of Hrólf's sister and tell how Hjörvard rebelled against King
Hrólf and burned him in his hall. But Hjörvard was himself soon slain
and with him the rule of the Skjöldung dynasty ended. See also
Origins for Beowulf and Hrólf Kraki.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scylding
Hrólfr Kraki, Hroðulf, Rolfo, Roluo, Rolf Krage (6th century[1]) was
a legendary Danish king who appears both in Anglo-Saxon and in
Scandinavian tradition. His name would in his own language (Proto-
Norse) have been *Hrōþiwulfaz[2] (famous wolf).
Both traditions describe him as a Danish Scylding, the nephew of
Hroðgar and the grandson of Healfdene. The consensus view is that
Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian traditions describe the same people[3].
Whereas Beowulf and Widsith don't go further than treating his
relationship with Hroðgar and their animosity with Froda and Ingeld,
the Scandinavian sources expand where the Anglo-Saxon sources end,
i.e. on his life as the king at Lejre.
Scandinavian sources also expand on his relationship with Halga, King
Hroðgar's brother. In Beowulf and Widsith, it is never explained how
Hroðgar and Hroðulf are uncle and nephew
The poem Beowulf introduces Hroðulf[4] as Hroðgar's supporter and
right-hand man; and we learn that Hroðulf is Hroðgar's nephew and
that "each was true to the other"[5]. Hroðgar and his brothers
Heorogar and Halga, and their unnamed sister, are presented as the
children of Healfdene[6]. They belong to the royal clan, known as the
Scyldings[7].
The poem does not explain whether it was Heorogar or Halga who was
Hroðulf's father. The common piece of information that it was Halga
who was Hroðulf's father is taken from Scandinavian tradition (see
sections below).
Hroðgar and queen Wealhþeow had two young sons, Hreðric and Hroðmund,
and Hroðulf would be their guardian in case Hroðgar dies. It appears,
though, as though the queen does not trust Hroðulf and suspects that
Hroðulf might claim the throne for himself:
--Ic minne can
glædne Hroðulf, þæt he þa geogoðe wile
arum healdan, gyf þu ?r þonne he,
wine Scildinga, worold ofl?test;
wene ic, þæt he mid gode gyldan wille
uncran eaferan, gif he þæt eal gemon,
hwæt wit to willan and to worð-myndum
umbor wesendum ?r arna gefremedon.[8]
--For gracious I deem
my Hrothulf, willing to hold and rule
nobly our youths, if thou yield up first,
prince of Scyldings, thy part in the world.
I ween with good he will well requite
offspring of ours, when all he minds
that for him we did in his helpless days
of gift and grace to gain him honor![9]

No existence of any Hreðric or Hroðmund, sons of Hroðgar, has
survived in Scandinavian sources (although, Hreðric has been
suggested to be the same person as Hroerekr/Roricus[10]), which
suggests that Hroðulf was indeed not to be trusted.
The Scyldings were in conflict with another clan or tribe named the
heaðobards lead by their king Froda and his son Ingeld. It is in
relation to this war that Hroðulf is mentioned in the other Anglo-
Saxon poem where he appears, Widsith.
The Chronicon Lethrense (and the included Annales Lundenses) tell
that Haldan (Healfdene) had two sons, Helghe (Halga) and Ro
(Hroðgar). When Haldan died of old age, Helghe and Ro divided the
kingdom so that Ro ruled the land, and Helghe the sea. One day,
Helghe arrived in Halland/Lolland[11] and slept with Thore, the
daughter of one of Ro's farmers. This resulted in a daughter named
Yrse. Much later, he met Yrse, and without knowing that she was his
daughter, he made her pregnant with Rolf. Lastly, Helghe found out
that Yrse, with whom he had slept, was his own daughter, and out of
shame, he went east and killed himself.
Both Helghe and Ro being dead, the Swedish king Hakon/Athisl[12]
(i.e. Eadgils) forced the Daner to accept a dog as king. The dog king
was succeeded by Rolf Krage.
Rolf Krage was a big man in body and soul and was so generous that no
one asked him for anything twice. His sister Skulda was married
against Rolf's will to Hartwar/Hiarwarth[13] (Heoroweard), a German
earl of Skåne, but reputedly Rolf had given Skulda to him together
with Sweden.
This Hartwar arrived in Zealand with a large army and said that he
wanted to give his tribute to Rolf, but killed Rolf together with all
his men. Only one survived, Wigg, who played along until he was to do
homage to Hartwar. Then, he pierced Hartwar with a sword, and so
Hartwar was only king one morning. However, according to a
reputation, it was instead an Ake who killed Hartwar and so became
king.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hr%C3%B3lf_Kraki
Not only does the East Anglian pedigree contain Hroðmund, but based
on Bede's records, the founder of the East Anglian royal line was
Wuffa, 'a quo reges Orientalium Anglorum Uuffingas appellant' ("from
whom the kings of East Anglia are called Wuffings"). Further, as
Newton argues, 'the name Wuffa appears to be a diminutive variant of
Wulf, and can thus be translated as 'Little Wolf'. The patronymic
form Wuffingas seems similarly best explained as a variant of
Wulfingas, "the kin of the wolf", a folk-name which is mentioned in
both Beowulf and Widsith' (Newton 105-6; see also O'Loughlin 4).
Newton also shows that the Wulfingas of Beowulf are more central
to the poem then might appear at first blush:
'[Queen Wealhþeow] is described...in the poem as ides
Helminga, 'the Helming lady' (l.620b). Helmingas must be her family
name, the eponym of which is listed in Widsith: "Helm (wéold)
Wulfingum", '"Helm (ruled) the Wulfings"' (l.29b)...the implication
arising from Widsith is that Helmingas was an alternative name for
Wulfingas in Old English poetic tradition. The epithet ides Helminga
thus can be interpreted as being synonymous with ides Wulfinga and
Wealhþeow thus can be identified as a Wulfing princess'. (Newton 122,
124)
'Hróðmund is listed as the tenth name on Ælfwald's ancestral tally, a
position well beyond the pedigree's horizon of historical
credibility. The name occurs there in the exact form as that borne by
a Scylding prince in Beowulf. ...apart from the place-name Rodmundes
Dæn, ...in the description of a Hampshire estate boundary in a
suspicious tenth-century charter, the only other known Old English
instance of this royal compound-name is that belonging to the son of
Hroðgar in Beowulf'. (Newton 79)

The pedigree of King Ælfwald of East Anglia (r. ca.713-749) in
British Library MS Cotton Vespasian B.vi (early ninth century):
Ælfwald's pedigree:

1. Aelfwald alduulfing
2. Alduulf eðilricing
3. Eðilric ening
4. Eni tyttling
5. Tyttla wuffing
6. Wuffa wehing
7. Wehha wilhelming
8. Wilhelm hryping
9. Hryp hroðmunding
10. Hroðmund trygling
11. Trygil tyttmaning
12. Tyttman casering
13. Caser wodning
14. Woden

Thus Hroðmund is a Wulfing through his maternal line, through Queen
Wealhtheow, who, as Newton says, 'may herself have been regarded as
an East Anglian dynastic ancestor' (104). In the Scandinavian
tradition, Hrólfr (=OE Hroþulf) seems to be the slayer of Rørik (=OE
Hreðric) in an internecine struggle for the Danish throne, after
Hroðgar's death (in Saxo, Gesta Danorum, Book 2.62--see further
discussion in: Malone, 'Hrethric', pp.275-282; Chambers,
Introduction, pp.25-7; Newton, Origins, pp.77-104). As well, from
dark hints within Beowulf itself, we can feel confident that the
poem's audience knew a story of later strife amongst the Scyldings,
after Hrothgar's death, when Hrothulf seized the throne from his
nephews, Hrethric and Hrothmund:

http://www.heorot.dk/beowulf-vorwort.html

regarded asand the Criti a formative work in early 20th century
Beowulf studies; some claim that without it, the poem, Beowulf, might
not be studied today

Beowulf: the Monsters and the Critics is an important 1936 lecture
given by J. R. R. Tolkien on the subject of Beowulf criticism. It was
published in 1983 in The Monsters cs.

This paper is widely . In this talk, Tolkien speaks against critics
who play down the fantastic elements of the poem (Grendel, Grendel's
Mother, the dragon, etc.) in favour of using Beowulf solely as a
source for Anglo-Saxon history. Tolkien argues that rather than being
merely extraneous, these elements are key to the narrative and should
be the focus of study. In doing so he drew attention to the
previously neglected "literary" qualitites of the poem and argued
that it should be studied as a work of art, not just as an historical
document. Later critics who disagreed with Tolkien on this point have
routinely had to cite him and systematically defend their arguments.
The paper remains the first port of call for students of the Anglo-
Saxon epic and has been quoted admiringly by Nobel-laureate Seamus
Heaney in the introduction to his best-selling translation of the
poem.

Apart from its obvious importance as the field-defining paper in
Beowulf studies, the paper also sheds light on many of Tolkien's
ideas about literature and is an indispensable source for those
seeking to understand his own writing.

Before we were Artists, Poets, and Novelists, we were Tailors,
Weavers, and Crusader Knights. In the Rosenmund family crest we see
two roses planted upon a green mountain that I believe represents
Basel. Between them is planted a cross which made up of a weaving
needle. This is called a family brand. According to family legend my
Rosamond/Rougemont ancestors were weavers who wore this emblem pinned
to their tunics when they went on crusade. I titled this a family
legend because the proof of this event has not yet been found. If my
ancestors did go on Crusade, they more then likely accompanied
Baldwin of Flanders who was the first King of Jerusalem. It was from
Flanders the Rosenmund family came to live to take up residenance in
Rougemont Switzerland.. To quote from the small book on the Rosamond
family;

"Peter Rosemond further reported information from the Records Office
in Basle that "before Basle the family resided in Holland up to 1338,
and it is said they descended from the estate Rosemont, near Belfort,
in France, where also the village Rougemont is found."

http://www.baselland.ch/docs/archive/wappen/coa575.htm

By royal family links, Burgundy was united with Flanders in 1384, and
the rulers of Burgundy immediately moved their capital to Flanders.
The Counsel of Flanders was relocated from Lille to Ghent. Here,
along with the city of Bruges and Ypres, was found the heart of
Europe's textile industry. Though I am not an expert when it comes to
Heraldry, I put forth a theory that the Rosenmunds were a Flemish
family who came to dwell on "Red Mountain" also called Rosemont, and
thus the meaning of the two roses. The Rosenmunds may have been
invited there by the Dukes of Burgundy and the Franche-Comte in order
to plant their weaving trade there, taking advantage of the sheep
grazing there. The Dukes of Burgundy protected the weavers of
Flanders who were dependant upon the wool of England that was shipped
to Flanders to be woven and dyed. This is why there was an alliance
between England and Burgundy, against France, who moved into Flanders
in an attempt to take control this area and the textile industry.
This resulted in the battle of Golden Spurs that was won by the
Flemish Guilds who rushed to the aid of the Count of Flanders and
drove out King Philip 1V of France whose knight occupied the whole of
Flanders. For doing this, the guilds were granted complete autonomy
and co-governance of the towns. The Rosenmund family belonged to two
guilds that I did not know of. Did they belong to one of the textile
guilds of Flanders.

This James (or Jacob, for these names were once interchangeable) was
the son of Hans Ulrich Rosemond, born 1623, a weaver; who was a son
of Hans, a weaver, born 1581; who was a son of Fred Rosemond, born
1552, a weaver, member of town council and a local captain; who was
the son of another Hans whose date of birth is not known, but he too,
was a weaver and became a citizen of Basle in 1534. His father was
Erhart de Rougemont who bought in 1495 "the house called Rebleuten-
Zunft in Basle in the Freistrasse.'

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Jon Presco | 17 Mar 2007 21:33

The Holy Blood and Grail of Holland

The Holy Blood and Grail of Holland

(Images: Robert the Frisian. Parsifal. Holy Blood of Bruges. Section
of Bosch's 'Wedding at Canan. Roover Knights addoring the Magi.)
http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9063862/Robert-I#290496.hook

"One of the apocryphal gospels mentions that Joseph of Arimathea
preserved the blood after he had washed the dead body of Jesus.
Tradition has it that count 'Diederik van den Elzas' brought the
relic containing the blood of Christ from Jerusalem to Bruges after
the second crusade. Recent investigations, however, prove that the
relic arrived later in Bruges, probably around 1250 and that it came
from Constantinopel, now Istanbul in Turkey."

Grail Question: "Whom does the Grail serve?"
My Grail Answer: Robert the Frisian, the first Swan Knight.

Elsa of Brambent pleads with her husband, Lohengrin, to reveal his
noble liniage. I believe he descends from Robert the Frisian. The key
to this is to know Elza/Elsa is another name for Alsace. Thierry
(Diederik) of Alsace was the grandson of Robert the Frisian who went
on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. When he and his entourage of knights
returned home they passed through Constantinople. When Emperor
Alexius beheld these valiant pilgrim knights, he approached Robert
and asked him if he would help him crusade against the Seljug Turks.
Robert's crusade preceded the one launched by Pope Urban by about
five years. I have a theory that Alexius gave Robert the Grail
containing a drop of Jesus's blood to take with him, and thus he made
Holy War against the followers of Allah. This drop of blood is the
Holy Blood and Grail that was introduced into the Arthurian legends
by Chreiten de Troyes who was commsioned by Philip of Alsace, the
great grandson of Robert the Frisian, who married Gerturde and became
the guardian of her son who had inherited Frisia east of the Scheldt
river. Robert's father, Baldwin V, invested him with land west of the
Scheldt. The name of this river unlocks the key to the Bloodline of
the Holy Grail, as Ansbertus von Scheldt was the son of Tonantius
Ferreolus Flavius, a Flavian relative Emperor Constantine who founded
Constantenople and the Byzantine Empire. It is for this reason, that
Robert the Frisian had Flavian blood in his veins, that HIS KIN,
Emperor Alexius sought his help in defeating the advancing Turks who
had captured Byzantine cities in the Holy Land.

Urban, the Roman Pope, had to be aware of this Flavian bloodline that
also flow through the veins of Godfrey de Bouillon and his brother,
Baldwin, the first Crusader King of Jerusalem. But this crown was
first offered to Philip of Alsace who allegedly turned it down. I
believe he did this because the Pope in Italy was a rival of the
Byzantine Emperors. The key to this rivalry is told in the tale of
the Swan Knight who championed Elsa on one hand, and the Duchess of
Bouillon on another. Elsa represents the territory of Alsace where
the Etichonids came into prominence. Anbertus von Scheldt is also
Eticho von Elsass, Duke of Alsace and legendary progenitor of the
House of Habsburg whose emperors were titled `King of Romans'. Here
is the split between the Catholic and Byzantine church that will take
place in the Janskerk church where for a brief time Protestant and
Catholic members of the Swan Brethren worshipped together.

Anbertus/Eticho also descends from Sigimerus a grandson of of the
Frankish King, Pharamond, via the marriage of the daughter of
Tanantius Ferreolus, a Senator at Narbonne. This would make Robert
the Frisian, and Philip of Alsace, descendants of the Merovingians..
But, what truly connects all the dots, is the cliam that Pharamond
married Rosamonde, the Queen of the Cimri, a tribe mentioned in the
Bible, and very possibley a tribe of Israel according to Tacitus and
Pliny. The Cimbri came to settled in Jutland from here the Scylding
came, the Halfdanes. The Scylding are the Shielding and refers to a
legendary royal family of Danes from wence Lohengrin and Parcial
hail. Was the Scheldt river named after the Scyliding who are the
Cimbri, the royal offspring of Pharamond and Rosamonde, who begot the
Sicumbrian Franks? Was Alexius wanting to establish a kingdom in the
Holy Land based upon the Cimbri, as the Jews had become very friendly
with the Turks. The return of the Cimri to their land of origin may
have been the first motive of what ammonts to the first crusade. Was
Jesus kin to the Cimri?

In the tale of Lohengrin the swan that pulls the Swan Knight through
the water is FED BY THE SWAN. This is the source of the ritual
performed by the Swan Brethren where once a year the Swan Brethren
are FED a roasted swan. We see this roasted swan in Bosch's 'Wedding
at Cannan".

"The Grail therefore resolved to despatch as a rescuer, Lohengrin,
the son of Parsifal. Just as he was about to place his foot in the
stirrup a swan came floating down the water drawing a skiff behind
him. As soon as Lohengrin set eyes upon the swan, he exclaimed: "Take
the steed back to the manger; I shall follow this bird wherever he
may lead me." Having faith in God's omnipotence, he took no food with
him in the skiff. After they had been afloat five days, the swan
dipped his bill in the water, caught a fish, ate one half of it, and
gave the other half to the prince to eat. Thus the knight was fed by
the swan."

"The consecrated wafer shared by Lohengrin and the swan on their
voyage is one of the more obvious means taken by the poet to give the
tale the character of an allegory of the relations between Christ,
the Church and the human soul."

The Arthurian legends never refered to Jesus Christ, nor his blood,
until Philip of alsace bid Chreitien de Troyes to do so. Consider the
lance that Parsifal beholds in the castle of the nobles he does not
know he is kin to. Some folk say the Danes descend from the Danites
of the Tribe of Dan.

Danielis Roesmont was a Swan Knight. You can tell this by his seal
that has the bars of knighthood overlaying the dancing fox in the
Roesmont coat of arms. I suspect the Roesmont Wolf names came from
Roelof the Roover who married Odilia van Montfort. Perhaps the
Roovers owned Wolfhouse where the Roesmonts came to live in 1450, and
are descended from Hrolf the Scylding who is a source of the Beowolf
legend, and the legend of Lohengrin.

Ghisburtus was the master of Saint Janskerk church, and a member of
Lieve-Vrouwe-broederschap that met in Janskerk church. Hieronymus
Bosch was a member of the Zwanenbroeders (swan brothers) and was
commissioned by the master of Janskerk to do a stained-glass window
for the church. The Zwanenbroeders commissioned Bosch to do other
work the most important being `The Marriage Feast at Cana'. This
painting has symbols that relate to the Zwanenbroeders and thus this
painting may constitute the only true riddle involving a brotherhood
of men and a supper where Jesus is centerpiece. The worship of Our
Lady is eluded to in the swan being served up on a platter.

Ghisburtus is also Giselbert. Duke Giselbert was the progenitor of
Dukes of Brabant were the Roesmontcoat of arms hail. Because
Godeschalk Roesmont was a close friend of Pope Adrain, the only Pope
from Holland, and, a master of Leuvain, I highly suspect the
Roesmonts descend from Duke Gieselbert. That the Roesmonts married
the Roovers, who descend from the Radbot rulers of the Frisians -
that are also kin to Robert the Frisian - then I can suggest the Holy
Frisian Grail of Bruges serves the Roesmonts, and perhaps it serves
me, and the miraculous family line I have managed to sire, who came
out of nowhere, as did the Swan Knight.

The Scyldings are Foundlings, after Moses who led a people's out of
bandage whom were bid by God to be wanderers, rovers upon the earth.
Consider the blessing of Benjamin by his father Jacob.

"Benjamin is a wolf that raveneth; in the morning he shall devour the
prey, at evening he shall divide the spoil."

This is to say the tribe of Benjamin will rove far and wide
(raveneth) but will return to the other tribes, his brethren, and
regurgitate the spoils of the hunt.
Mary Magdalene is said to be of the tribe of Benjamin, and arrived in
France via a boat without oars. Was it pulled by a swan?

"The Western Church, or at least the French Church, cherished the
story that Mary of Magdalene-Bethany set sail with her brother
Lazarus, her sister Martha, and other Christian friends, in a boat
without oars, which carried them to the coast of southern France.
There they became the first spokesmen of Christianity. In her last
years, says the tale, Mary lived as a hermitess in an Alpine cave.
Her body was eventually enshrined in the church of St. Madeline,
Vezelay, France."

As fate would have it, my genealogical search has performed the same
task Lohengrin performed. I have revealed the truth my Rosemont
ancestors descend from noble families in Holland and Alsace. During
the tragic fight over my late sister Rosamond's legacy, God and the
Holy Grail of Holland gave to me a new family, born out of the blue a
new rose-branch. I am blessed! Shortly after my grandson was born,
and after I read his astrology chart, I wrote many words about
my 'Foolish Grandson' that compared him to Parsifal.

I am a Fisher King. I am born of a Foundling set adrift upon the
water.

Jon Presco

Copyright 2007

http://rougeknights.blogspot.com/

"Tacitus and Pliney wrote that all the tribes swelling up and down
the North Sea Coast from Holland to Denmark were composed of a single
ethnic group known as the "Ingaevones". From the writings of Tacitus
and Pliney, coupled with archaeological evidence is can be stated
that the peoples historically known as Frisians, Chauci, and Cimbri
were all from one stock. They were all Cimmerian and therefore
originally of Israelitish origin. These Kimmerians first began to
arrive and settle on the shores of the North Sea somewhere between
300 BC and 250 BC."

Old English Scylding (plural Scyldingas) and Old Norse Skjöldung
(plural Skjöldungar), meaning in both languages Shielding, refers to
members of a legendary royal family of Danes and sometimes to their
people. The name is explained in many text by the descent of this
family from an eponymous king Scyld/Skjöld. But the title is
sometimes applied to rulers who purportedly reigned before
Scyld/Skjöld and the supposed king Scyld/Skjöld may be an invention
to explain the name."
It was Jutland, home of the Jutes, which was Beowulf's proper home,
and that matches better some of the internal geography of the poem.
Beowulf's voyage scene may well describe a two day sail south to the
Isle of Fyn, the middle iron-age fortress settlement of the Danish
overlord, Woden (for an exacting examination of this question which
disagrees with the view just put forth, have a look at the 2006
version of the Wikipedia article at
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geats
which is excerpted below).

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~jamesdow/s013/f010392.htm

http://worldconnect.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?
op=REG&db=jweber&id=I02548

http://home.planet.nl/~voort359/home3vlaan.html

http://home.planet.nl/~voort359/home3brabt.html

www.hotelfevery.be/en/holy

Historical notes on Brabant

This family's oldest known members were lords of certain areas near
the Meuse river in present-day Belgium. It rose steadily in political
importance, and two of its members became Margrave and Duke of
Lorraine. However, Duke Giselbert lost his dukedom and his life at
the battle of Andernach in 939. Reginar (Reinier) II, Duke
Giselbert's brother, became Count in (not "of") Hainaut / Henegouwen.
Later, Reginar's offspring became Counts of Leuven / Louvain, the
area around that city in the Dutch-speaking part of present-day
Belgium. In the 9th Century, "Bracbant" was a "gouw" which included
the area around Ukkel. Around 1000, this came into the possession of
Count Lambert I of Leuven. Brabant became a very important regional
power, annexing Limburg in 1288, but as a result of the Eighty Years
War (1568-1648) which resulted in an independent, predominantly
Protestant Dutch Republic, Brabant was split up. It is now partly in
The Netherlands as the Province of "Noord-Brabant" and partly in
Belgium.

Sigermerus married a daughter of Tonantius Ferreolus daughter of
Tonantius Ferreolus , a Gallo-Roman Senator at Narbonne and Industria.

Eticho I (Duke) of ALSACE (Etichon Ethic Athic Alderic Adalric
Adalrick Athicus Ethicus Albericus); vom ELSASS; legendary ancestor
of the House of HABSBURG
His paternal grandfather was either Tonantius Ferreolus (senior), or
Sigimerus I (a grandson of the Frankish King Pharamond), who married
a daughter (name unknown) of a Roman senator called Tonantius
Ferreolus (a brother-in-law of Emperor Avitus).

CIMBRI CLANS There were yet other Cimmerians who migrated during the
years 525 through 300 BC; these others were driven out of south
Russia by the Scythians. This branch of the Kimmerians moved north-
west between the rivers Oder and Vistula to the Baltic, where they
later became known as Cimbri. This other branch of the Cimmerians
(Kimmerians) migrated from the region of the Black Sea moving in a
north-western direction, eventually reaching the "Low Countries".
Many of them subsequently settled in the areas around the Baltic Sea
(the "German Ocean") and Jutland. The "Low Countries" of the Cimbri
clans of Cimmerians are now known as Belgium, Holland and North-West
Germany. Jutland was then known as the "Cimbric Chersonesus". The
Romans called these Israelites "Cimri", this was of course simply an
abbreviation of the longer title of Cimmerians; this is clearly
attested to by several ancient historians. (Poseidonius and Plutarch
to name two of the ancient writers.) Tacitus and Pliney wrote that
all the tribes swelling up and down the North Sea Coast from Holland
to Denmark were composed of a single ethnic group known as
the "Ingaevones". From the writings of Tacitus and Pliney, coupled
with archaeological evidence is can be stated that the peoples
historically known as Frisians, Chauci, and Cimbri were all from one
stock. They were all Cimmerian and therefore originally of
Israelitish origin. These Kimmerians first began to arrive and settle
on the shores of the North Sea somewhere between 300 BC and 250 BC.

Ansbertus (of the Scheldt?) was the son of Tonantius Ferreolus

Robert the Frisian led a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in the late 1080s.
In 1090, on his return, he took temporary service in the army of the
Byzantine emperor Alexius I, in his war against the Seljuq Turks.
Robert's pilgrimage and service with the Byzantine emperor
established a pattern followed later in the First Crusade (1096–99).

also called Robert the Frisian , French Robert le Frison , Dutch
Robrecht de Fries count of Flanders (1071–93), second son of Count
Baldwin V. In 1063 he married Gertrude and became guardian of her
son, who had inherited Frisia east of the Scheldt River. Upon this
marriage, Robert's father also invested him with Imperial Flanders,
including the islands of Frisia west of the Scheldt. He thus in his
own right and that of his stepson became ruler of all of Frisia
(Zeeland) and was known among his Flemish countrymen as Robert the
Frisian.
Etichonids of Alsace

Get full coverage on this topic and more with a FREE trial

His right to Imperial Flanders, however, was disputed by his elder
brother, Baldwin VI, who had succeeded to the countship of Flanders.
War broke out between the two brothers, and Baldwin was killed in
battle in 1070. Robert then claimed the tutelage of Baldwin's
children and obtained the support of the German emperor Henry IV,
while Richilde, Baldwin's widow, appealed to Philip I of France. The
contest was decided at Ravenshoven, near Kassel, on February 22,
1071, where Robert was victorious. Richilde was taken prisoner, and
her eldest son, Arnulf III, was slain. Robert obtained from Philip I
the investiture of Crown Flanders and from Henry IV the fiefs that
formed Imperial Flanders.

Robert the Frisian led a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in the late 1080s.
In 1090, on his return, he took temporary service in the army of the
Byzantine emperor Alexius I, in his war against the Seljuq Turks.
Robert's pilgrimage and service with the Byzantine emperor
established a pattern followed later in the First Crusade (1096–99).

Gertrude, who married Thierry II, Duke of Lorraine, and was the
mother of Thierry of Alsace, also later count of Flanders

The presence to templare in the zone of Brugge concentrated to
Scheepsdale and Sint-Pieter-op-den-Dijk, to North of the city.

The Templari on purpose had the complete control of all the fluvial
traffic in arrival and departure from Brugge and the right of demand
for toll on the transport of firewood between Brugge and Zeebrugge (:
six on the tracks of the Code from Vinci in England? You take the
ferry that arrives to Zeebrugge and visit also the templari places of
Belgium!).In the historical center of Brugge, moreover, it is begun
from little a campaign of diggings close to the Verversdijk, that
afternoon to the 14 can be visited every friday, to the 15 and 16 and
in occasion of the days "open Monuments". Defined to reason "the
romantica city of the world", Brugge is introduced exactly com' was
to those times: its medieval historical center makes part of the
Unesco and in the 2002 city it has been understood them European of
the culture: what has drunk also Brugge from the Graal, - is said -
of the secrets of the Templari, acquiring therefore an eternal
giovinezza?

Thierry, or Diederik van den Elzas, or Thierry d'Alsace, or Thierry
of Alsace (count of Flanders)

Main article: Thierry
count of Flanders (1128–68), son of Thierry II, duke of Upper
Lorraine, and Gertrude, daughter of Robert I the Frisian, count of
Flanders. He contested the county of Flanders with William Clito on
the death of Charles the Good in 1127. He was recognized by Ghent,
Bruges, and Ypres and consolidated his position when William was
killed at Alost in 1128. He married the widow of Charles the...

The elzas (means Dutch: Elzate; French: Alsace, German: Elsass or
Elsass) a region in France, on the linkeroever of the rijn and in the
west limited by destiny herrings has been lain. It has been
subdivided in the departments Haut-Rhin and Bas-Rhin. The capital is
Strasbourg.

Lohengrin is one of the most beautiful Richard Wagner's masterpieces.
The story of the knight that cannot tell his name and origin, brought
by a swan to defend the honor of Elza, who is being falsely accused
of killing her brother, is a very beautiful tale of individuality and
liberation.

The beginnings of the history of this feudal state (the later
Holland) centre round the abbey of Egmont in whose archives 1. its
records have been preserved. In 922 Charles the Simple gave in full
possession to a count in Frisia, Dirk by name (a shortened form of
Diederic, Latin Theodoricus), "the church of Egmont with all that
belonged to it from Swithardeshage to Kinhem." This man, usually
known as Dirk I., died about 939 and was succeeded by his son of the
same name. Among the records of the abbey of Egmont is a document by
which the emperor Arnulf gave to a certain count Gerolf the same
land "between Swithardeshage and Kinhem," afterwards held by Dirk I.
It is generally assumed that this Gerolf was his father, otherwise
their deed of gift would not have been preserved among the family
papers. Dirk II. was the founder of the abbey of Egmont. His younger
son Egbert became archbishop of Treves

http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/County_and_province_of_Holland

Robert I of Flanders (b. between 1029 and 1032 – October 13, 1093,
Kassel), known as Robert the Frisian, was count of Flanders from 1070
to 1092.
He was the younger son of Baldwin V of Flanders and Adela Capet, a
daughter of King Robert II of France.
Robert was originally intended to secure the northern borders of
Flanders by his marriage to Gertrude of Saxony, Dowager Countess of
Holland, but after his brother's death in 1070 he displaced his
nephews and became count of Flanders.
By Gertrude of Holland he had five children:
Robert II
Adela (d. 1115), who first married king Canute IV of Denmark, and was
the mother of Charles the Good, later count of Flanders. She then
married Roger Borsa, duke of Apulia.
Gertrude, who married Thierry II, Duke of Lorraine, and was the
mother of Thierry of Alsace, also later count of Flanders
Philip of Loo, whose illegitimate son William of Ypres was also a
claimant to the county of Flanders
Ogiva, abbess of Messines

Thierry II (died 1115), called the Valiant, was the duke of Lorraine
from 1070 to his death. He was the son and successor of Gerhard and
Hedwige de Namur. He is sometimes numbered Thierry I if the dukes of
the House of Ardennes, who ruled in Upper Lorraine from 959 to 1033,
are ignored in favour of the dukes of Lower Lorraine as predecessors
of the later dukes of Lorraine.
In fact, Sophia, the daughter of Duke Frederick II of the House of
Ardennes, who had inherited the counties of Bar and Montbéliard, had
a husband named Louis, who contested the succession. In order to
receive the support of his brother, he gave him the county of
Vaudémont and convened an assembly of nobles, who elected him duke
over Louis. Soon Louis was dead, but his son, Thierry II of Bar,
claimed the succession anyway. However, Emperor Henry IV confirmed
Thierry the Valiant in the duchy. Probably for this reason, Thierry
remained faithful to the emperors throughout his rule. He fought the
Saxons while they were at war with the Emperor between 1070 and 1078
and he opposed the popes Gregory VII and Urban II when they were in
conflict with the Emperor.

In 1095, he planned to take up the Cross (i.e., go on Crusade,
specifically the First), but his ill health provoked him to drop out,
nevertheless convincing his barons to go east. Thereafter, he took
little part in imperial affairs, preferring not to intervene between
Henry IV and his son Henry, or against Lothair of Supplinburg, duke
of Saxony.

Thierry of Alsace (c. 1099 – February 4, 1168), in Flanders known as
Diederik van den Elzas, was count of Flanders from 1128 to 1168. He
was the youngest son of Duke Thierry II of Lorraine and Gertrude of
Flanders (daughter of Robert I of Flanders).

[edit] Life

After the murder of his cousin Charles the Good in 1127, Thierry
claimed the county of Flanders as grandson of Robert I, but William
Clito became count instead with the support of King Louis VI of
France. William's politics and attitude towards the autonomy of
Flanders made him unpopular, and by the end of the year Brugge, Gent,
Lille, and Saint-Omer recognized Thierry as a rival count. Thierry's
supporters came from the Imperial faction of Flanders, and upon his
arrival he engaged in battle against William. Louis VI had the
Archbishop of Reims excommunicate him, and Louis himself them
besieged Lille, but was forced to retire when Henry I of England,
William's uncle, transferred his support to Thierry. However, Thierry
was defeated at Tielt and Oostkamp and fled to Brugge. He was forced
to flee Brugge as well, and went to Aalst, where he was soon under
siege from William, Godfrey I of Leuven, and Louis VI. The city was
about to be captured when William was found dead on July 27, 1128,
leaving Thierry as the only claimant to the county.

Thierry set up his government in Gand and was recognized by all the
Flemish cities as well as King Henry, who had his Flemish lords in
England swear fealty to him. Thierry himself swore homage to Louis VI
after 1132, in order to gain the French king's support against
Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut, who had advanced his own claim on
Flanders.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thierry%2C_Count_of_Flanders

Robert the Frisian led a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in the late 1080s.
In 1090, on his return, he took temporary service in the army of the
Byzantine emperor Alexius I, in his war against the Seljuq Turks.
Robert's pilgrimage and service with the Byzantine emperor
established a pattern followed later in the First Crusade (1096–99).

Scyld Shef'sson and the epic poem, Beowulf

The epic Anglo-Saxon poem Beowulf illustrates the heroic ideal of the
Anglo-Saxons through a telling of the heroic life of a strong iron-
age warrior of the tribe of the Weather Geat folk. If the society
portrayed in the poem is related to that of the ancestral Anglo-
Saxons in Denmark, then the poem may well describe elements of that
society as remembered by the poem's author.

When was Beowulf composed? It is supposed to have been before the
Danish raids of 793 A.D., after which, things Danish became anathema
to the English. The editor and translator of our edition of Beowulf,
Michael Alexander, suggests that the poem is "set in the southern
Scandinavia of the fifth and sixth centuries." There is in Beowulf
some remnant of the Danish homeland stories from the late iron-age in
Jutland, perhaps as far back as the golden age of Odense on the Isle
of Fyn during the third century, from which the richest iron-age
treasures are recovered, in excavations from settlements and
associated bog sacrifices. However, it may be that Beowulf originates
from an even earlier time.

The geneology of the kings of Wessex, found in both the Parker
Chronicle, as well as in Aethelweard, uses the same names which we
find in Beowulf. These are the heroic names from the sacred geneology
of the English Royal family and would not have been trifled with by
mere clerics. The English Royal family, to the present day, traces
its ancestry from Geat, son of Taetwa, son of Beow, son of Scyld
("Sceldwea" in the Parker Chronicle), son of Sceaf
(pronounced "Shef").

The patriarch, Scyld, by simple reckoning, would have been a
contemporary of Julius Gaius. In our poem, the hero Beowulf is a
descendant of the tribe of Geat, while Hrothgar the Dane's father was
the late-born half-Dane son of Beow(ulf), son of Scyld Shefing.

This raises the question of where Beowulf's Geat folk lived. The
penguin classic's edition of Beowulf edited by Michael Alexander
contains a map which shows them living in what is now southeast
Sweden, across the Baltic Sea from Poland. This construction is based
on two assumptions. Firstly, that the Geats were the Goths (Gauts) of
the Roman historian Tacitus, and secondly, that the Goths came from
the southern shores of Sweden. Neither of these assumptions can be
proven. The name Geats is actually zeats, and the yogh, "z", is
pronounced "y" before fronting vowels, so the correct transcription
would be Yeats.

The linguist Piotr Gasiorowski's online commentary explains that:
"Bede Latinised their name as "iuti/iutae", sixth-century Franko-
Latin sources called them "eutii", and in Old English itself they
were called "e:otan" or "e:otas", dialectally
also "i:otas", "i:utan". and he goes on to explain that: " Jutland
(in Denmark) was called Jótland in Old Icelandic as opposed to
Gautland (in Sweden)... Our modern form "Jutes" comes from mediaeval
Latin Iuti/Iutae, where the "i" came to be pronounced as a glide and
was "hardened" in the French pronunciation of Latin... and since the
Jutes were only a historical memory by that time as founders of the
Kentish dynasty, the names came to be misidentified occasionally by
late Anglo-Saxon authors, or to be more precise the name "ge:atas"
was sometimes used instead of "e:otas" for one of the groups that had
colonised England (but never "e:otas" for the Swedish Gauts)."

It was Jutland, home of the Jutes, which was Beowulf's proper home,
and that matches better some of the internal geography of the poem.
Beowulf's voyage scene may well describe a two day sail south to the
Isle of Fyn, the middle iron-age fortress settlement of the Danish
overlord, Woden (for an exacting examination of this question which
disagrees with the view just put forth, have a look at the 2006
version of the Wikipedia article at
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geats which is excerpted below).

http://www.medievalhistory.net/page004b.htm

http://www.medievalhistory.net/page0004.htm

http://rougeknights.blogspot.com/2006/06/pharamond-and-rosamond-above-
we-see.html

http://kelticklankirk.com/quest_israelite_identity_5.htm

The tribe of Dan was represented by an Eagle. Some conect the Danites
with the Danes. Dan means "judge" the Judges in the Torah were the
Nazarites. Albsalom was a Nazarite who led the rebellion of the ten
tribes against Judah. I suspect he deliberatly hung himself in a tree
by his long hair so he could travel to the Afterlife, the future as
to see another way, other then killing his father, King David, as
many Seers thought he must. While hanging in the tree, David's
general pierced him in the side with a lance. The simlilarities
between the worship of Baal-el and Wodin, are almost identical. The
Nazarites came to rule in the temple just before its fall. Queen
Berenice and he husband/brother took the oath of the Nazarite, as did
Saint Paul who is now being identifed as kin to the Herodians and
thus the Macaabees, who some say are kin to the Merovingian Kings and
King David. Berenice, one of the last of the Macaabees, married Titus
Flavius, thus the Byzantyne empire took root, it furthered by
Constantine Flavius, and Theodorick Flavius who some say descends
from the Merovingians.

I have posted much evidence on a Davidic Bloodline as put forth in
the book 'Holy Blood, Holy Grail'. I have posted a theory that
Arthuri Flavius 'King of Lombards' was King Arthur, he sent there by
emperor Maurice to look after Roman Anglo/Saxon interests during the
Saxon invasions.

I also study 'The White Goddess' by Robert Graves, he saying refugess
from Troy came to Britain, they kin to Gomer, the Cimmerins, and the
Marcomani Kings. There is a genealogy on Priam. I am putting together
a theory that David's son, Adonijah (Adoni, Adonis) was the Trojan
Aeneas who co-founded Carthage with Dido, daughter of King Belus the
Phoenucian, also named, Elisha.

In the 11th century, the Seljuk Turks established an enlightened,
tolerant government in Central Anatolia that fostered a great culture.
The Seljuks (Selçuklular) were a Turkish tribe from Central Asia.
They poured into Persia (1037) and established their first powerful
state, called by historians the Empire of the Great Seljuks.
The mathematician and poet Omar Khayyam flourished under the Great
Seljuks.

They captured Baghdad in 1055 and a relatively small contingent of
warriors—about 5000 by some estimates—moved into eastern Anatolia.
In 1071 this Seljuk force engaged the armies of the Byzantine emperor
at Manzikert (Malazgirt) north of Lake Van, defeated them decisively,
and captured Emperor Romanus IV Diogenes.

With no Byzantine force to stop them, the Seljuk Turks flooded into
Anatolia, taking control of most of Eastern and Central Anatolia.
They established their capital at Konya around 1150 and ruled what
would be known as the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum [ROOM, Rome]. Alanya,
Erzurum and Sivas were other important Seljuk cities.
The small Seljuk ruling class governed a population that was mostly
Greek-speaking Anatolian Christian, with a significant Jewish
minority.

Seljuk rule was tolerant of race, religion and gender. Churches and
synagogues flourished, and some of the finest examples of Seljuk
architecture, including huge mosques, theological seminaries,
hospitals and caravanserais, were built on the orders of empresses
and princesses.

Muslim mystic, theologian and poet Jelaleddin Rumi (1207-1273) is the
sultanate's most famous and enduring figure. Son of a noted
theologian, Rumi's preaching and spiritual leadership soon earned him
a large following.

His followers called Rumi Mevlana ("Our Guide").
After his death his son Sultan Veled organized his followers into the
Sufi order of Mevlevi ("Whirling") Dervishes.
The borders of the Seljuk Sultanate were always in flux, with the
remnants of the Byzantine Empire to the west, the Arabs to the south
and the Mongols encroaching from the east.

Few of the many capable sultans died natural deaths; most died in
battle or by treachery.

Seljuk culture in Rum was at its height in the mid-1200s, just as the
Mongols overran West Asia and ravaged Anatolia. Most of the finest
examples of Seljuk architecture, such as the fine caravanserais and
the wonderful mosques and medreses in Konya, date from the mid-1200s.
The art of the successor Mongol Ilkanids and of the Beyliks
(principalities) that sprang up in Anatolia after the collapse of
Mongol rule owe much to Seljuk inspiration.

Among the upstart warlord principalities of the 1300s was one based
near Nicaea (Iznik) on the Byzantine frontier and led by a chieftain
named Osman. It grew rapidly in size and strength and was soon on its
way to becoming the vast Ottoman Empire.

http://www.turkeytravelplanner.com/details/History/Seljuks.html

Bennett Rosamond was born on May 10, 1833 at Carleton Place, Ontario.
At the age of 26 he joined the family business, theVictoria Woolen
Mills at Almonte and in 1862 he took over the business from his
father. He served on the township council, servedas Reeve and was
elected mayor of Almonte. He was elected as thefederal Conservative
member of parliament for the riding of NorthLanark in 1892 and sat in
the House of Commons until 1904. Rosamond was a major employer at
Almonte and voting days saw hisemployees turn out en masse to vote
for him. As a major benefactorof the town he donated the money to
build a hospital in Almontewhich was named after him. He died on May
18, 1910 in England whilepreparing to return to Canada. Rosamond was
a member of L.O.L. No.389, located at Almonte and had served as
master of the lodge.

http://members.tripod.com/~Roughian/BennettRosamond.html
http://members.tripod.com/~Roughian/index-281.html
http://members.tripod.com/~Roughian/index-111.html
http://www.unitedlol228.org/http://lol52.nireland.co.uk/
http://www.orangelodge.ca/

Members of the Grand Committee of the Grand Orange Lodge of Canadafor
1856. L.O.L. No. 1 Thomas Francis, John Gillespie, Edward Hazlewood,
Luke Leach,William Poole, John Simpson, James Stewart, John Stewart,
JosephStewart, Jas. Rochford Wilson, James White.

I have traced the Rougemont name to the House of Orange and suspect
many Knights of Saint George led the Reformation that put William of
Orange on the thrown of England. The House of Orange, and the family
of Dramelay/Tramelay, and the de la Roche family, innitiated Jacque
de Molay into the Knight Templars, and came to own the Shroud of
Turin. Prince Bernard of the House of Orange co-founded the
Bilderberger Group, and Denis de Rougemont was at the first meeting
of this guild that some say is bent on ruling the world.

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